PMID- 31896937 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200716 LR - 20200716 IS - 1718-7729 (Electronic) IS - 1198-0052 (Print) IS - 1198-0052 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 6 DP - 2019 Dec TI - A primer on the genetics of medullary thyroid cancer. PG - 389-394 LID - 10.3747/co.26.5553 [doi] AB - Medullary thyroid cancer is a rare type of neuroendocrine tumour that arises from the parafollicular cells (C cells) of the thyroid gland. It accounts for 3%-5% of thyroid cancer cases. Close to 25% of cases are familial, and 75% are considered sporadic. Familial cases are associated with a germline RET mutation; 43%-65% of sporadic cases harbour a somatic event in the gene. Germline RET mutations are associated with the autosomal-dominant inherited multiple endocrine neoplasia (men) 2a and 2b syndromes and the isolated familial medullary thyroid cancer syndrome. More than 100 RET codon mutations have been reported to date, with genotype-phenotype correlations that include the extent and aggressiveness of the medullary thyroid cancer and the presence of other features of the men2 syndromes. The latter include pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma, hyperparathyroidism, cutaneous lichen amyloidosis, and Hirschsprung disease. In this narrative review, we focus on RET proto-oncogene physiology and pathogenesis induced by germline and somatic RET mutations, the genotype-phenotype correlation, and the management and follow-up of patients with germline-mutated medullary thyroid cancer. CI - 2019 Multimed Inc. FAU - Larouche, V AU - Larouche V AD - Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON. AD - Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC. FAU - Akirov, A AU - Akirov A AD - Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON. AD - Institute of Endocrinology, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva. AD - Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. FAU - Thomas, C M AU - Thomas CM AD - Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON. AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON. FAU - Krzyzanowska, M K AU - Krzyzanowska MK AD - Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON. FAU - Ezzat, S AU - Ezzat S AD - Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20191201 TA - Curr Oncol JT - Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) JID - 9502503 RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (RET protein, human) RN - Thyroid cancer, medullary SB - IM MH - Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/*genetics MH - Genetic Association Studies MH - Genetic Testing MH - Humans MH - Mutation MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret/*genetics MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics PMC - PMC6927790 OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Medullary thyroid cancer OT - *RET OT - *multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 OT - *vandetanib COIS- CONFLICT OF INTEREST DISCLOSURES We have read and understood Current Oncology’s policy on disclosing conflicts of interest, and we declare the following interests: MKK has received fees as consultant from Eisai and Bayer and has also received research support from Ipsen. SE has received fees as consultant from Eisai, Bayer, Pfizer, Ipsen, and Novartis. The remaining authors have no conflicts to disclose. EDAT- 2020/01/04 06:00 MHDA- 2020/07/17 06:00 CRDT- 2020/01/04 06:00 PHST- 2020/01/04 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/01/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/07/17 06:00 [medline] AID - conc-26-389 [pii] AID - 10.3747/co.26.5553 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Oncol. 2019 Dec;26(6):389-394. doi: 10.3747/co.26.5553. Epub 2019 Dec 1. PMID- 31861373 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200505 LR - 20200505 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 1 DP - 2019 Dec 18 TI - Multikinase Inhibitor Treatment in Thyroid Cancer. LID - 10.3390/ijms21010010 [doi] LID - 10 AB - Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. Most thyroid cancer types respond well to conventional treatment consisting of surgery and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. Unfortunately, some thyroid cancer types are resistant to surgical and RAI therapy. Multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) can be used in the treatment of advanced refractory thyroid cancers. The objective of this review is to give an update on MKI treatment (lenvatinib, sorafenib, sunitinib, cabozantinib, pazopanib, vandetanib) of thyroid cancer, regarding its efficacy and safety profile. We evaluated 212 articles through a PubMed search. A total of 20 articles met the inclusion and none the exclusion criteria. The studies showed promising progression-free survival rates compared to placebo treatment from earlier studies and similar or better results compared to the SELECT and DECISION trials. Adverse effects (AEs) are substantial in the treatment with MKIs. Almost all patients treated with these novel drugs experienced AEs. It is therefore crucial to focus on the management of AEs for a decent long-term outcome. The AEs are often more severe in patients with high efficacy of MKIs, which could indicate a correlation. Taken together, the novel therapeutic regimen with MKIs has shown favorable results in otherwise treatment-resistant thyroid cancer. FAU - Ancker, Ole Vincent AU - Ancker OV AD - Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. FAU - Krüger, Marcus AU - Krüger M AD - Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. FAU - Wehland, Markus AU - Wehland M AD - Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. FAU - Infanger, Manfred AU - Infanger M AD - Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. FAU - Grimm, Daniela AU - Grimm D AD - Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergsgade 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. AD - Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. LA - eng GR - 50WB1924/Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt/ PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Review DEP - 20191218 TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - *Biomarkers, Tumor MH - Humans MH - *Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods MH - Prognosis MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemistry/pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/etiology/*metabolism/mortality MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC6982227 OTO - NOTNLM OT - adverse effects OT - cabozantinib OT - clinical trials OT - lenvatinib OT - multikinase inhibitors OT - pazopanib OT - sorafenib OT - sunitinib OT - thyroid cancer OT - vandetanib COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2019/12/22 06:00 MHDA- 2020/05/06 06:00 CRDT- 2019/12/22 06:00 PHST- 2019/11/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/12/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/12/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/12/22 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/12/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/05/06 06:00 [medline] AID - ijms21010010 [pii] AID - ijms-21-00010 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms21010010 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Dec 18;21(1):10. doi: 10.3390/ijms21010010. PMID- 31717449 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200513 LR - 20200513 IS - 2073-4425 (Electronic) IS - 2073-4425 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 11 DP - 2019 Nov 8 TI - Influencers on Thyroid Cancer Onset: Molecular Genetic Basis. LID - 10.3390/genes10110913 [doi] LID - 913 AB - Thyroid cancer, a cancerous tumor or growth located within the thyroid gland, is the most common endocrine cancer. It is one of the few cancers whereby incidence rates have increased in recent years. It occurs in all age groups, from children through to seniors. Most studies are focused on dissecting its genetic basis, since our current knowledge of the genetic background of the different forms of thyroid cancer is far from complete, which poses a challenge for diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. In this review, we describe prevailing advances and update our understanding of the molecular genetics of thyroid cancer, focusing on the main genes related with the pathology, including the different noncoding RNAs associated with the disease. FAU - Luzón-Toro, Berta AU - Luzón-Toro B AD - Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain. AD - Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain. FAU - Fernández, Raquel María AU - Fernández RM AD - Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain. AD - Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain. FAU - Villalba-Benito, Leticia AU - Villalba-Benito L AD - Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain. AD - Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain. FAU - Torroglosa, Ana AU - Torroglosa A AD - Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain. AD - Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain. FAU - Antiñolo, Guillermo AU - Antiñolo G AD - Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain. AD - Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain. FAU - Borrego, Salud AU - Borrego S AD - Department of Maternofetal Medicine, Genetics and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain. AD - Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 41013 Seville, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20191108 TA - Genes (Basel) JT - Genes JID - 101551097 RN - 0 (RNA, Untranslated) SB - IM MH - Epigenomics MH - Genetics MH - Humans MH - Prognosis MH - RNA, Untranslated/*genetics MH - Thyroid Gland/pathology MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/*metabolism PMC - PMC6895808 OTO - NOTNLM OT - *epigenetics OT - *genetics OT - *mutation OT - *thyroid cancer COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2019/11/14 06:00 MHDA- 2020/05/14 06:00 CRDT- 2019/11/14 06:00 PHST- 2019/09/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/10/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/11/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/11/14 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/11/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/05/14 06:00 [medline] AID - genes10110913 [pii] AID - genes-10-00913 [pii] AID - 10.3390/genes10110913 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Genes (Basel). 2019 Nov 8;10(11):913. doi: 10.3390/genes10110913. PMID- 31681970 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200708 LR - 20200708 IS - 2299-8306 (Electronic) IS - 0423-104X (Linking) VI - 70 IP - 5 DP - 2019 TI - Clinical implications of GWAS variants associated with differentiated thyroid cancer. PG - 423-429 LID - 10.5603/EP.a2019.0027 [doi] AB - The genetic risk of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) probably consists of multiple low-penetrance, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). Such markers are difficult to uncover by linkage analysis but can be revealed by association studies. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have uncovered 31 SNPs associated with DTC. These markers carry a low to moderate risk for DTC, but their cumulative effect increases with each successive risk allele. These data support the important contribution of low penetrance variants in the pathogenesis of DTC. Contrary to somatic mutations such as BRAFV600E, germline variants can be ascertained prior to surgical treatment. Therefore, we hypothesise that GWAS SNPs might impact the clinical course of DTC and we can benefit from this knowledge in choosing a treatment strategy. Several associations between clinical factors and GWAS markers have been reported so far. The most important are associations between rs966423 and mortality (HR = 1.60, p = 0.038), extrathyroidal extension (ETE) (OR = 1.57, p = 0.019); rs965513 and tumour diameter (slope of regression 0.14, p = 0.025), lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.59, p = 0.030) and ETE (OR = 1.29, p = 0.045); rs944289 and distant metastasis (OR = 0.58, p = 0.042); and rs116909374 and lymph node metastasis (OR = 0.61, p = 0.016). These findings show that GWAS SNPs are not only the ignition factors (together with environmental factors) for malignant transformation of thyrocytes but might also impact the clinical course of DTC. Surprisingly, it is not always the risk allele for DTC that is associated with worse clinical outcome. The second interesting observation is that GWAS SNPs show different associations with DTC clinical features depending on their histological subtypes. These point to the complexity of DTC with putatively different roles of genes at different stages of DTC development. (Endokrynol Pol 2019; 70 (5): 423-429). FAU - Jendrzejewski, Jarosław P AU - Jendrzejewski JP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9717-5880 AD - Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland. jj@gumed.edu.pl. FAU - Sworczak, Krzysztof AU - Sworczak K AD - Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland. FAU - Comiskey, Daniel F AU - Comiskey DF AD - Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States. FAU - de la Chapelle, Albert AU - de la Chapelle A AD - Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - Poland TA - Endokrynol Pol JT - Endokrynologia Polska JID - 0370674 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Biomarkers, Tumor/*genetics MH - Female MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics MH - Genome-Wide Association Study MH - Genotype MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/*genetics MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - GWAS OT - PTC OT - genetic predisposition OT - genome-wide association studies OT - papillary thyroid carcinoma EDAT- 2019/11/05 06:00 MHDA- 2020/07/09 06:00 CRDT- 2019/11/05 06:00 PHST- 2019/02/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/04/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/11/05 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/11/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/07/09 06:00 [medline] AID - VM/OJS/J/63257 [pii] AID - 10.5603/EP.a2019.0027 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endokrynol Pol. 2019;70(5):423-429. doi: 10.5603/EP.a2019.0027. PMID- 31672299 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200706 LR - 20200706 IS - 1875-9157 (Electronic) IS - 1875-9157 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 4 DP - 2019 Dec TI - Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinomas. PG - 931-942 LID - S1875-9181(19)30059-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.path.2019.08.003 [doi] AB - Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the most common thyroid cancer and is frequently encountered in clinical practice. The incidence of DTC has increased significantly over the past three decades. Surgical resection, radioactive iodine (RAI), and levothyroxine suppression therapy remain the primary modalities for DTC treatment. Active surveillance for low-risk thyroid cancer may be an alternative to immediate surgery for appropriately selected patients. Patient characteristics influence treatment selection and intensity. In the subset of patients with progressive distant metastatic disease, not amenable to treatment with surgery or RAI, novel agents, including targeted therapies and immunotherapy, should be considered. CI - Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lechner, Melissa G AU - Lechner MG AD - Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, CHS 57-145, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. FAU - Praw, Stephanie Smooke AU - Praw SS AD - Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, CHS 57-145, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. FAU - Angell, Trevor E AU - Angell TE AD - Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo Avenue, BMT-B11, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. Electronic address: Trevor.angell@med.usc.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20190927 PL - United States TA - Surg Pathol Clin JT - Surgical pathology clinics JID - 101491209 RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Immunotherapy MH - Iodine Radioisotopes MH - Lymph Node Excision MH - Middle Aged MH - *Molecular Targeted Therapy MH - Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - *Radiotherapy MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology/*therapy MH - *Thyroidectomy MH - *Watchful Waiting OTO - NOTNLM OT - Active surveillance OT - BRAF OT - Differentiated thyroid cancer OT - Dynamic risk stratification OT - Radioactive iodine OT - Surgery OT - Treatment OT - Tyrosine kinase inhibitor EDAT- 2019/11/02 06:00 MHDA- 2020/07/07 06:00 CRDT- 2019/11/02 06:00 PHST- 2019/11/02 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/11/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/07/07 06:00 [medline] AID - S1875-9181(19)30059-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.path.2019.08.003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Surg Pathol Clin. 2019 Dec;12(4):931-942. doi: 10.1016/j.path.2019.08.003. Epub 2019 Sep 27. PMID- 31547603 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200316 LR - 20200316 IS - 2073-4425 (Electronic) IS - 2073-4425 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 10 DP - 2019 Sep 23 TI - The Role of Molecular Testing for the Indeterminate Thyroid FNA. LID - 10.3390/genes10100736 [doi] LID - 736 AB - Thyroid nodules are common in the adult population where a majority are benign and only 4.0% to 6.5% are malignant. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a key method used in the early stages to evaluate and triage patients with thyroid nodules. While a definitive cytological diagnosis is provided in more than 70-75% of all thyroid FNA cases, the group of indeterminate lesions offers a challenge in terms of interpretation and clinical management. Molecular testing platforms have been developed, are recognized as an option by the 2015 American Thyroid Association Guidelines, and are frequently used in conjunction with FNA as an integral part of the cytologic evaluation. In this review, the utility of molecular testing options for nodules assigned to the group of indeterminate thyroid FNAs is described. FAU - Rossi, Esther Diana AU - Rossi ED AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3819-4229 AD - Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy. esther.rossi@policlinicogemelli.it. FAU - Pantanowitz, Liron AU - Pantanowitz L AD - Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA. pantanowitzl@upmc.edu. FAU - Faquin, William C AU - Faquin WC AD - Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Wfaquin@mgh.harvard.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20190923 TA - Genes (Basel) JT - Genes JID - 101551097 SB - IM MH - Biopsy, Fine-Needle MH - High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing MH - Humans MH - Thyroid Gland/pathology MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis/*genetics/pathology MH - Thyroid Nodule/diagnosis/*genetics/pathology MH - Transcriptome PMC - PMC6826845 OTO - NOTNLM OT - *cytology OT - *fine needle aspiration OT - *molecular testing OT - *personalized medicine OT - *thyroid cancers COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2019/09/25 06:00 MHDA- 2020/03/17 06:00 CRDT- 2019/09/25 06:00 PHST- 2019/08/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/09/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/09/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/09/25 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/09/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/03/17 06:00 [medline] AID - genes10100736 [pii] AID - genes-10-00736 [pii] AID - 10.3390/genes10100736 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Genes (Basel). 2019 Sep 23;10(10):736. doi: 10.3390/genes10100736. PMID- 31540418 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200210 LR - 20200210 IS - 2073-4425 (Electronic) IS - 2073-4425 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 9 DP - 2019 Sep 18 TI - Thyroid Cancer in the Pediatric Population. LID - 10.3390/genes10090723 [doi] LID - 723 AB - Thyroid cancer is rare in the pediatric population, but thyroid carcinomas occurring in children carry a unique set of clinical, pathologic, and molecular characteristics. In comparison to adults, children more often present with aggressive, advanced stage disease. This is at least in part due to the underlying biologic and molecular differences between pediatric and adult thyroid cancer. Specifically, papillary thyroid carcinoma (which accounts for approximately 90% of pediatric thyroid cancer) has a high rate of gene fusions which influence the histologic subtypes encountered in pediatric thyroid tumors, are associated with more extensive extrathyroidal disease, and offer unique options for targeted medical therapies. Differences are also seen in pediatric follicular thyroid cancer, although there are few studies of non-papillary pediatric thyroid tumors published in the literature due to their rarity, and in medullary carcinoma, which is most frequently diagnosed in the pediatric population in the setting of prophylactic thyroidectomies for known multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes. The overall shift in the spectrum of histotypes and underlying molecular alterations common in pediatric thyroid cancer is important to recognize as it may directly influence diagnostic test selection and therapeutic recommendations. FAU - Paulson, Vera A AU - Paulson VA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4157-2534 AD - Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 357110, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. vpauls@uw.edu. FAU - Rudzinski, Erin R AU - Rudzinski ER AD - Dept. of Laboratories, Seattle Children's Hospital, OC.8.720; 4800 Sandpoint Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. erin.rudzinski@seattlechildrens.org. FAU - Hawkins, Douglas S AU - Hawkins DS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3602-1375 AD - University of Washington Medical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Seattle Children's Hospital, MB.8.501, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. doug.hawkins@seattlechildrens.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20190918 TA - Genes (Basel) JT - Genes JID - 101551097 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Genetic Testing/methods MH - Humans MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis/epidemiology/*genetics PMC - PMC6771006 OTO - NOTNLM OT - *gene rearrangements OT - *molecular testing OT - *pediatric thyroid cancer OT - *targeted cancer therapy COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2019/09/22 06:00 MHDA- 2020/02/11 06:00 CRDT- 2019/09/22 06:00 PHST- 2019/07/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/09/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/09/12 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/09/22 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/09/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/02/11 06:00 [medline] AID - genes10090723 [pii] AID - genes-10-00723 [pii] AID - 10.3390/genes10090723 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Genes (Basel). 2019 Sep 18;10(9):723. doi: 10.3390/genes10090723. PMID- 31531363 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200205 LR - 20200225 IS - 2314-6141 (Electronic) IS - 2314-6133 (Print) VI - 2019 DP - 2019 TI - The Diagnostic Performance of Afirma Gene Expression Classifier for the Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules: A Meta-Analysis. PG - 7150527 LID - 10.1155/2019/7150527 [doi] LID - 7150527 AB - BACKGROUND: Approximately 15 to 30% of thyroid nodules evaluated by fine-needle aspiration (FNA) were classified as indeterminate; the accurate diagnostic molecular tests of these nodules remain a challenge. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of Afirma gene expression classifier (GEC) for the indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITNs). METHODS: Studies published from January 2005 to December 2018 were systematically reviewed. The gold reference standard relied on the histopathologic results diagnosis from thyroidectomy surgical specimens. MetaDisc software was used to investigate the pooled sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves. RESULTS: A total of 18 studies involving 5290 patients with 3290 cases of ITNs were included. Collected data revealed that the pooled sensitivity of GEC was 95.5% (95% CI 93.3%-97.0%, p < 0.001), the specificity was 22.1% (95% CI 19.4%-24.9%, p < 0.001), the NPV was 88.2% (95% CI 0.833-0.921, p < 0.001), the PPV was 44.3% (95% CI 0.416-0.471, p < 0.001), and the DOR was 5.25 (95% CI 3.42-8.04, p= 0.855). CONCLUSION: The GEC has quite high sensitivity of 95.5% but low specificity of 22.1%. The high sensitivity makes it probable to rule out malignant nodules. Thus, over half of nodules with GEC-suspicious results still require further validation like molecular markers, diagnostic surgery, or long follow-up, which limits its use in future clinical practice. FAU - Liu, Ying AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China. FAU - Pan, Bihui AU - Pan B AD - Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China. FAU - Xu, Li AU - Xu L AD - Department of Nutriology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China. FAU - Fang, Da AU - Fang D AD - Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China. FAU - Ma, Xianghua AU - Ma X AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5341-0201 AD - Department of Nutriology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China. FAU - Lu, Hui AU - Lu H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1758-7867 AD - Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Review DEP - 20190820 TA - Biomed Res Int JT - BioMed research international JID - 101600173 SB - IM MH - Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods MH - Diagnostic Tests, Routine/methods MH - Gene Expression/*genetics MH - Gene Expression Profiling/methods MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics MH - Humans MH - Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods MH - Odds Ratio MH - ROC Curve MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Software MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis/genetics/pathology MH - Thyroid Nodule/*diagnosis/*genetics/pathology MH - Thyroidectomy/methods PMC - PMC6720051 COIS- All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2019/09/19 06:00 MHDA- 2020/02/06 06:00 CRDT- 2019/09/19 06:00 PHST- 2019/01/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/06/25 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/07/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/09/19 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/09/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/02/06 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1155/2019/7150527 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Biomed Res Int. 2019 Aug 20;2019:7150527. doi: 10.1155/2019/7150527. eCollection 2019. PMID- 31484161 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200716 LR - 20200716 IS - 1479-6821 (Electronic) IS - 1351-0088 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 11 DP - 2019 Nov TI - An update on the management of low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer. PG - R597-R610 LID - 10.1530/ERC-19-0294 [doi] AB - Low-risk papillary cancers, which represent the vast majority of thyroid cancers diagnosed today, do not require aggressive treatment or follow-up. Initial treatment consists of a total thyroidectomy without prophylactic lymph node dissection. A hemithyroidectomy is an alternative in some patients with an intrathyroidal tumor and with a normal contralateral lobe at pre-operative neck ultrasonography. The use of post-operative radioiodine should be restricted to selected patients. Follow-up at 6-18 months is based on serum thyroglobulin (Tg), Tg-antibody determination and neck ultrasonography. In the absence of any abnormality (excellent response to treatment), the risk of recurrence is extremely low and follow-up may consist of serum TSH monitoring that is maintained in the normal range, and a Tg and Tg-antibody titer determination every year. There is no need for referral to a specialized center. In patients with detectable serum Tg or detectable Tg antibodies, the trend over time of these markers on levothyroxine treatment will dictate subsequent follow-up: a decreasing trend is reassuring, but an increasing trend should lead to imaging, starting with neck ultrasonography. FAU - Lamartina, Livia AU - Lamartina L AD - Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus and University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, Cedex, France. FAU - Leboulleux, Sophie AU - Leboulleux S AD - Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus and University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, Cedex, France. FAU - Terroir, Marie AU - Terroir M AD - Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus and University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, Cedex, France. FAU - Hartl, Dana AU - Hartl D AD - Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus and University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, Cedex, France. FAU - Schlumberger, Martin AU - Schlumberger M AD - Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus and University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, Cedex, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Endocr Relat Cancer JT - Endocrine-related cancer JID - 9436481 RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Radiopharmaceuticals) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use MH - Radiopharmaceuticals/therapeutic use MH - Risk MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*surgery MH - Thyroidectomy OTO - NOTNLM OT - *hemithyroidectomy OT - *low-risk thyroid cancer OT - *neck ultrasonography OT - *radioactive iodine OT - *thyroglobulin OT - *total thyroidectomy EDAT- 2019/09/05 06:00 MHDA- 2020/07/17 06:00 CRDT- 2019/09/05 06:00 PHST- 2019/09/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/09/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/09/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/07/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/09/05 06:00 [entrez] AID - ERC-19-0294.R1 [pii] AID - 10.1530/ERC-19-0294 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocr Relat Cancer. 2019 Nov;26(11):R597-R610. doi: 10.1530/ERC-19-0294. PMID- 31474360 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200727 LR - 20200727 IS - 2405-8025 (Electronic) IS - 2405-8033 (Print) IS - 2405-8025 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 9 DP - 2019 Sep TI - Emerging Roles of GLI-Similar Krüppel-like Zinc Finger Transcription Factors in Leukemia and Other Cancers. PG - 547-557 LID - S2405-8033(19)30144-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.trecan.2019.07.005 [doi] AB - GLI-similar 1-3 (GLIS1-3), a subfamily of Krüppel-like zinc finger transcription factors, function as key regulators of several biological processes important to oncogenesis, including control of cell proliferation, differentiation, self-renewal, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. This review provides a short overview of the critical roles genetic changes in GLIS1-3 play in the development of several malignancies. This includes intrachromosomal translocations involving GLIS2 and ETO2/CBFA2T3 in the development of pediatric non-Down's syndrome (DS), acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL), a malignancy with poor prognosis, and an association of interchromosomal translocations between GLIS3, GLIS1, and PAX8, and between GLIS3 and CLPTM1L with hyalinizing trabecular tumors (HTTs) and fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FHCC), respectively. Targeting upstream signaling pathways that regulate GLIS signaling may offer new therapeutic strategies in the management of cancer. CI - Published by Elsevier Inc. FAU - Jetten, Anton M AU - Jetten AM AD - Cell Biology Section, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 111 Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. Electronic address: jetten@niehs.nih.gov. LA - eng GR - Z01 ES100485-06/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural PT - Review DEP - 20190820 TA - Trends Cancer JT - Trends in cancer JID - 101665956 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (CBFA2T3-GLIS2 fusion protein, human) RN - 0 (DNA-Binding Proteins) RN - 0 (GLIS1 protein, human) RN - 0 (GLIS2 protein, human) RN - 0 (Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors) RN - 0 (Oncogene Proteins, Fusion) RN - 0 (PAX8 Transcription Factor) RN - 0 (PAX8 protein, human) RN - 0 (Transcription Factors) SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy/*genetics MH - Cell Differentiation/drug effects/genetics MH - Cell Self Renewal/drug effects/genetics MH - DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic MH - Gene Rearrangement MH - Humans MH - Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism MH - Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/drug therapy/*genetics MH - Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy/*genetics MH - Mutation MH - Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects/metabolism/pathology MH - Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/*genetics/metabolism MH - PAX8 Transcription Factor/genetics MH - Signal Transduction/drug effects/genetics MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/drug therapy/*genetics MH - Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism MH - Zinc Fingers/genetics PMC - PMC6777873 MID - NIHMS1535618 OTO - NOTNLM OT - *GLIS Krüppel-like zinc finger proteins OT - *chromosomal translocation OT - *leukemogenesis OT - *oncogenesis OT - *transcription COIS- The author declares no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2019/09/03 06:00 MHDA- 2020/07/28 06:00 PMCR- 2020/09/01 CRDT- 2019/09/03 06:00 PHST- 2019/06/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/07/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/07/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] PHST- 2019/09/03 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/09/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/07/28 06:00 [medline] AID - S2405-8033(19)30144-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.trecan.2019.07.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Trends Cancer. 2019 Sep;5(9):547-557. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2019.07.005. Epub 2019 Aug 20. PMID- 31394499 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200713 LR - 20200713 IS - 1479-6821 (Electronic) IS - 1351-0088 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 10 DP - 2019 Oct TI - Dynamic risk assessment in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. PG - R553-R566 LID - 10.1530/ERC-19-0213 [doi] AB - The stratification of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer based on their initial risk of recurrence, according to specific clinical, histopathological and perioperative data, is an important starting point for tailoring the follow-up during the first 1-2 years after initial therapy (surgery with or without radioiodine ablation). However, risk of recurrence re-stratification based on new clinical data that becomes available after considering the response to treatment (dynamic risk assessment) provides a more accurate prediction of the status at final follow-up and a more individualized approach. In this review, we summarized the available data regarding dynamic risk of recurrence and the suggested management of differentiated thyroid cancer patients according to the response to treatment. The use of this strategy is crucial to avoid overtreatment and intensive follow-up of the vast majority of patients who will have a very good prognosis and, on the other hand, focus therapeutic efforts on those patients who will have a worse prognosis. In the future, molecular biology analysis of the tumors and well-designed prospective studies will probably refine the risk of recurrence prediction. FAU - Pitoia, Fabian AU - Pitoia F AD - Division of Endocrinology - Hospital de Clínicas - University of Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Jerkovich, Fernando AU - Jerkovich F AD - Division of Endocrinology - Hospital de Clínicas - University of Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Endocr Relat Cancer JT - Endocrine-related cancer JID - 9436481 RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) SB - IM MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use MH - *Neoplasm Recurrence, Local MH - Prognosis MH - Risk Assessment MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*pathology/therapy MH - Thyroidectomy MH - Treatment Outcome OTO - NOTNLM OT - *differentiated thyroid cancer OT - *dynamic risk OT - *risk of recurrence OT - *thyroid cancer EDAT- 2019/08/09 06:00 MHDA- 2020/07/14 06:00 CRDT- 2019/08/09 06:00 PHST- 2019/07/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/08/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/08/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/07/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/08/09 06:00 [entrez] AID - ERC-19-0213.R1 [pii] AID - 10.1530/ERC-19-0213 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocr Relat Cancer. 2019 Oct;26(10):R553-R566. doi: 10.1530/ERC-19-0213. PMID- 31390629 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20191007 LR - 20191007 IS - 1423-0232 (Electronic) IS - 0030-2414 (Linking) VI - 97 IP - 4 DP - 2019 TI - Lenvatinib Long-Term Responses in Refractory Thyroid Cancer: Our Mono-Institutional Real-Life Experience with the Multidisciplinary Approach and Review of Literature. PG - 206-210 LID - 10.1159/000501691 [doi] AB - Lenvatinib (LEN) is a multikinase inhibitor with antiangiogenic properties recently approved in radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma in combination with everolimus. LEN-treated patients frequently have adverse events (AEs) that generally require such dose modifications, including drug discontinuation. Hypertension, diarrhea, weight loss, proteinuria, fatigue, and palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia are reported among the most frequent AEs, often leading to discontinuations or dose modifications. This paper reports a case series focusing on the role of the immediate multidisciplinary approach to manage AEs. CI - © 2019 S. Karger AG, Basel. FAU - Denaro, Nerina AU - Denaro N AD - Clinical Oncology and Translational Research, S. Croce e Carle University Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy, nerinadenaro@hotmail.com. FAU - Latina, Adele AU - Latina A AD - Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, S. Croce e Carle University Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy. FAU - Cesario, Flora AU - Cesario F AD - Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, S. Croce e Carle University Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy. FAU - Bramardi, Fabio AU - Bramardi F AD - Department of Otolaryngology, S. Croce e Carle University Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy. FAU - Corrado, Lauro AU - Corrado L AD - Department of General Surgery, S. Croce e Carle University Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy. FAU - Borretta, Giorgio AU - Borretta G AD - Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, S. Croce e Carle University Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy. FAU - Merlano, Marco Carlo AU - Merlano MC AD - Clinical Oncology and Translational Research, S. Croce e Carle University Teaching Hospital, Cuneo, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20190807 PL - Switzerland TA - Oncology JT - Oncology JID - 0135054 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Phenylurea Compounds) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Quinolines) RN - 9HW64Q8G6G (Everolimus) RN - EE083865G2 (lenvatinib) SB - IM CIN - Oncology. 2019;97(4):189-190. PMID: 31390640 MH - Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use MH - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy/radiotherapy MH - Carcinoma, Renal Cell/drug therapy/radiotherapy MH - Combined Modality Therapy/methods MH - Disease Progression MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Everolimus/therapeutic use MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/pharmacology MH - Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy/radiotherapy MH - Male MH - Phenylurea Compounds/*therapeutic use MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use MH - Quinolines/*therapeutic use MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/radiotherapy MH - Treatment Outcome OTO - NOTNLM OT - Lenvatinib OT - Multidisciplinary approach OT - Thyroid cancer OT - Toxicity management EDAT- 2019/08/08 06:00 MHDA- 2019/10/08 06:00 CRDT- 2019/08/08 06:00 PHST- 2019/05/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/05/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/08/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/10/08 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/08/08 06:00 [entrez] AID - 000501691 [pii] AID - 10.1159/000501691 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Oncology. 2019;97(4):206-210. doi: 10.1159/000501691. Epub 2019 Aug 7. PMID- 31385810 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200505 LR - 20200505 IS - 1752-2978 (Electronic) IS - 1752-296X (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 5 DP - 2019 Oct TI - Long noncoding RNAs in thyroid cancer. PG - 275-281 LID - 10.1097/MED.0000000000000497 [doi] AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Our understanding of the molecular pathology events involved in thyroid cancer initiation and progression and its subtypes has markedly improved as a result of multiomic studies. Recently, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) have been shown to have a role in cancer initiation and progression and have also been studied in thyroid cancer. RECENT FINDINGS: lncRNA are dysregulated in thyroid cancer. lncRNA have tumor suppressive and oncogenic function in thyroid cancer cells and play a role in some of the established genetic drivers of thyroid cancer initiation and progression. Lastly, some lncRNA are associated with clinicopathologic features of thyroid cancer and circulating blood lncRNA could potentially detect the presence of thyroid cancer. SUMMARY: We highlight the possible clinical utility of analyzing lncRNAs as biomarkers for thyroid cancer diagnosis and prognosis and their association with common genetic changes associated with thyroid cancer. FAU - Sedaghati, Mahsa AU - Sedaghati M AD - Department of Surgery and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. FAU - Kebebew, Electron AU - Kebebew E LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes JT - Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity JID - 101308636 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) RN - 0 (RNA, Long Noncoding) SB - IM MH - Biomarkers, Tumor MH - Humans MH - RNA, Long Noncoding/blood/*physiology MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/etiology/*genetics/pathology EDAT- 2019/08/07 06:00 MHDA- 2020/05/06 06:00 CRDT- 2019/08/07 06:00 PHST- 2019/08/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/05/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/08/07 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1097/MED.0000000000000497 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2019 Oct;26(5):275-281. doi: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000497. PMID- 31257739 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200406 LR - 20200408 IS - 2093-5978 (Electronic) IS - 2093-596X (Print) IS - 2093-596X (Linking) VI - 34 IP - 2 DP - 2019 Jun TI - Long-Term Outcomes Following Thermal Ablation of Benign Thyroid Nodules as an Alternative to Surgery: The Importance of Controlling Regrowth. PG - 117-123 LID - 10.3803/EnM.2019.34.2.117 [doi] AB - Thermal ablation (TA) procedures, such as radiofrequency ablation and laser ablation, are used for the treatment of benign thyroid nodules. Short-term studies (<2 years) have demonstrated that TA is an effective and safe procedure to improve cosmetic or symptomatic problems. However, studies including a longer follow-up period show that treated thyroid nodules can increase in size after 2 to 3 years. Several studies suggest that this results from regrowth at the undertreated nodule margins. Here, we review current data on regrowth after TA and describe factors related to it and possible approaches to prevent it. CI - Copyright © 2019 Korean Endocrine Society. FAU - Sim, Jung Suk AU - Sim JS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6803-3544 AD - Department of Radiology, Withsim Clinic, Seongnam, Korea. FAU - Baek, Jung Hwan AU - Baek JH AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0480-4754 AD - Department of Radiology and the Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. radbaek@naver.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review TA - Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) JT - Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) JID - 101554139 SB - IM CIN - Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2019 Sep;34(3):323-324. PMID: 31565885 CIN - Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2019 Sep;34(3):325-326. PMID: 31565886 MH - Humans MH - Laser Therapy MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*prevention & control/*surgery MH - Radiofrequency Ablation MH - Thyroid Nodule/*prevention & control/*surgery MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC6599899 OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Ablation OT - *Thyroid nodule COIS- This study received no funding in the form of grants. Jung Hwan Baek's financial activities are not related to the present article (patent holder of a unidirectional ablation electrode); he has been a consultant to two radiofrequency companies, STARmed and RF Medical, since 2017. EDAT- 2019/07/02 06:00 MHDA- 2020/04/09 06:00 CRDT- 2019/07/02 06:00 PHST- 2019/05/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/05/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/05/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/07/02 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/07/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/04/09 06:00 [medline] AID - 34.117 [pii] AID - 10.3803/EnM.2019.34.2.117 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2019 Jun;34(2):117-123. doi: 10.3803/EnM.2019.34.2.117. PMID- 31252403 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200221 LR - 20200221 IS - 1479-6821 (Electronic) IS - 1351-0088 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 9 DP - 2019 Aug 1 TI - Medullary thyroid carcinoma beyond surgery: advances, challenges, and perspectives. PG - R499-R518 LID - 10.1530/ERC-18-0574 [doi] AB - Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare type of tumor that originates from thyroid C cells and accounts for 2-4% of all malignant thyroid neoplasms. MTC may occur sporadically or be inherited, as part of the MEN 2 syndrome. Germline mutations of the RET (REarranged during Transfection) proto-oncogene cause hereditary cancer, whereas somatic RET mutations and, less frequently, RAS mutations have been described in sporadic MTC samples. Since early surgery with complete resection of tumor mostly determines the likelihood of attaining cure for MTC, the broader use of RET genetic screening has dramatically changed the prognostic of gene carriers in hereditary MTC. Nevertheless, despite recent advances, the management of advanced, progressive MTC remains challenging. The multikinase inhibitors (MKI), vandetanib and cabozantinib, were approved for the treatment of progressive or symptomatic MTC, and several other compounds have exhibited variable efficacy. Although these drugs have been shown to improve progression-free survival, no MKI has been shown to increase the overall survival. As these drugs are nonselective, significant off-target toxicities may occur, limiting achievement of the required TK-specific inhibition. Recently, next-generation small-molecule TKI has been developed. These TKI are specifically designed for highly potent and selective targeting of oncogenic RET alterations, making them promising drugs for the treatment of advanced MTC. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the intracellular signaling pathways involved in MTC pathogenesis as well as the therapeutic approaches and challenges for the management of advanced MTC, focusing on targeted molecular therapies. FAU - Ceolin, Lucieli AU - Ceolin L AD - Thyroid Unit, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. FAU - Duval, Marta Amaro da Silveira AU - Duval MADS AD - Thyroid Unit, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. FAU - Benini, Antônio Felippe AU - Benini AF AD - Thyroid Unit, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. FAU - Ferreira, Carla Vaz AU - Ferreira CV AD - Thyroid Unit, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. FAU - Maia, Ana Luiza AU - Maia AL AD - Thyroid Unit, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review PL - England TA - Endocr Relat Cancer JT - Endocrine-related cancer JID - 9436481 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - Thyroid cancer, medullary SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use MH - *Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/diagnosis/genetics/metabolism/therapy MH - Genotype MH - Humans MH - Immunotherapy MH - Molecular Targeted Therapy MH - Phenotype MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use MH - Signal Transduction MH - *Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis/genetics/metabolism/therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - *medullary thyroid cancer OT - *molecular target therapy OT - *tyrosine kinase inhibitor EDAT- 2019/06/30 06:00 MHDA- 2020/02/23 06:00 CRDT- 2019/06/29 06:00 PHST- 2019/06/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/06/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/06/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/02/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/06/29 06:00 [entrez] AID - ERC-18-0574.R2 [pii] AID - 10.1530/ERC-18-0574 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocr Relat Cancer. 2019 Aug 1;26(9):R499-R518. doi: 10.1530/ERC-18-0574. PMID- 31200896 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190918 LR - 20190918 IS - 1769-6917 (Electronic) IS - 0007-4551 (Linking) VI - 106 IP - 9 DP - 2019 Sep TI - The medical treatment of radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancers in 2019. A TUTHYREF(®) network review. PG - 812-819 LID - S0007-4551(19)30223-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.bulcan.2019.04.012 [doi] AB - Patients with radioiodine-refractory (RAIR) differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) represent a challenging subgroup of DTC because they are at higher risk of cancer-related death. Multidisciplinary discussions can assess the role and the nature of local treatments, but also determine the optimal timing for first-line antiangiogenic therapy as some of these patients can be followed for several months or years without any treatment. In this review, we will examine the definition of RAIR-DTC, the different treatment options and finally some of the most recent cancer research breakthroughs for RAIR-DTC. CI - Copyright © 2019 Société Française du Cancer. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. FAU - de la Fouchardiere, Christelle AU - de la Fouchardiere C AD - Centre Léon-Berard, 28, rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France. Electronic address: Christelle.delafouchardiere@lyon.unicancer.fr. FAU - Alghuzlan, Abir AU - Alghuzlan A AD - Pathology department, Gustave-Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France. FAU - Bardet, Stéphane AU - Bardet S AD - Centre François-Baclesse, department of nuclear medicine and thyroid unit, 14076 Caen, France. FAU - Borget, Isabelle AU - Borget I AD - Department of biostatistic and epidemiology, Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France. FAU - Borson Chazot, Françoise AU - Borson Chazot F AD - Hospices civils de Lyon, hôpital Louis-Pradel, endocrinology department, 69500 Bron, France. FAU - Do Cao, Christine AU - Do Cao C AD - Centre hospitalier régional universitaire de Lille, 59000 Lille, France. FAU - Godbert, Yann AU - Godbert Y AD - Institut Bergonié, nuclear medicine department, 30003 Bordeaux, France. FAU - Leenhardt, Laurence AU - Leenhardt L AD - Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, Sorbonne university, department of thyroid and endocrine tumours, 75013 Paris, France. FAU - Zerdoud, Slimane AU - Zerdoud S AD - Claudius-Regaud institute, oncology university institute-IUCT-oncopole, department of nuclear medicine, 31100 Toulouse, France. FAU - Leboulleux, Sophie AU - Leboulleux S AD - Department of nuclear medicine and endocrine tumors, Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20190611 PL - France TA - Bull Cancer JT - Bulletin du cancer JID - 0072416 RN - 0 (Angiogenesis Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Phenylurea Compounds) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Quinolines) RN - 9ZOQ3TZI87 (Sorafenib) RN - EE083865G2 (lenvatinib) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Angiogenesis Inhibitors/*therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - Immunotherapy MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/*therapeutic use MH - Middle Aged MH - Network Meta-Analysis MH - Phenylurea Compounds/therapeutic use MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use MH - Quinolines/therapeutic use MH - *Radiation Tolerance MH - Sorafenib/therapeutic use MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/mortality/pathology/*radiotherapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antiangiogenic OT - Molecular biology OT - Network OT - Radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma OT - TUTHYREF OT - Target therapy EDAT- 2019/06/16 06:00 MHDA- 2019/09/19 06:00 CRDT- 2019/06/16 06:00 PHST- 2019/03/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/04/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/04/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/06/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/09/19 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/06/16 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0007-4551(19)30223-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.bulcan.2019.04.012 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Bull Cancer. 2019 Sep;106(9):812-819. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2019.04.012. Epub 2019 Jun 11. PMID- 31035251 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200713 LR - 20200713 IS - 1479-6821 (Electronic) IS - 1351-0088 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 7 DP - 2019 Jul TI - DNA methylation in thyroid cancer. PG - R415-R439 LID - 10.1530/ERC-19-0093 [doi] AB - In recent years, cancer genomics has provided new insights into genetic alterations and signaling pathways involved in thyroid cancer. However, the picture of the molecular landscape is not yet complete. DNA methylation, the most widely studied epigenetic mechanism, is altered in thyroid cancer. Recent technological advances have allowed the identification of novel differentially methylated regions, methylation signatures and potential biomarkers. However, despite recent progress in cataloging methylation alterations in thyroid cancer, many questions remain unanswered. The aim of this review is to comprehensively examine the current knowledge on DNA methylation in thyroid cancer and discuss its potential clinical applications. After providing a general overview of DNA methylation and its dysregulation in cancer, we carefully describe the aberrant methylation changes in thyroid cancer and relate them to methylation patterns, global hypomethylation and gene-specific alterations. We hope this review helps to accelerate the use of the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic potential of DNA methylation for the benefit of thyroid cancer patients. FAU - Zafon, Carles AU - Zafon C AD - Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit (VHIR) and Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron and Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. AD - Consortium for the Study of Thyroid Cancer (CECaT), Catalonia, Spain. FAU - Gil, Joan AU - Gil J AD - Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (PMPPC-IGTP), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Pérez-González, Beatriz AU - Pérez-González B AD - Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (PMPPC-IGTP), Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Jordà, Mireia AU - Jordà M AD - Consortium for the Study of Thyroid Cancer (CECaT), Catalonia, Spain. AD - Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (PMPPC-IGTP), Barcelona, Spain. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review PL - England TA - Endocr Relat Cancer JT - Endocrine-related cancer JID - 9436481 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use MH - Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics/metabolism MH - *DNA Methylation/drug effects/genetics MH - Demethylation MH - Epigenome MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic MH - Humans MH - Prognosis MH - Signal Transduction/genetics MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/drug therapy/*genetics/pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - *DNA methylation OT - *biomarkers OT - *demethylating drugs OT - *global hypomethylation OT - *thyroid cancer EDAT- 2019/04/30 06:00 MHDA- 2020/07/14 06:00 CRDT- 2019/04/30 06:00 PHST- 2019/04/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/04/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/04/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/07/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/04/30 06:00 [entrez] AID - ERC-19-0093.R1 [pii] AID - 10.1530/ERC-19-0093 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocr Relat Cancer. 2019 Jul;26(7):R415-R439. doi: 10.1530/ERC-19-0093. PMID- 31018176 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200713 LR - 20200713 IS - 1479-6821 (Electronic) IS - 1351-0088 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 7 DP - 2019 Jul TI - Lobectomy in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: indications and follow-up. PG - R381-R393 LID - 10.1530/ERC-19-0085 [doi] AB - The extent of thyroid surgery for patients with low- and intermediate-risk differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), with a primary tumour <4 cm and no extrathyroidal extension (ETE) or lymph node (LN) metastases, has shifted in a more conservative direction. However, clinicopathological risk factors, including microscopic ETE, aggressive histology, vascular invasion in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and intermediate volume of LN metastases, can only be identified after completing thyroid lobectomy. It is controversial whether patients with these risk factors should immediately undergo complete thyroidectomy and/or radioactive iodine remnant ablation or should be monitored without further treatments. Data are conflicting about the prognostic impact of these risk factors on clinical DTC outcomes. Notably, the recurrence rate in patients who underwent thyroid lobectomy is low and the few recurrences that develop during long-term follow-up can readily be detected by neck ultrasonography and treated by salvage surgery with no impact on survival. These findings suggest that a more conservative approach may be a preferred management strategy over immediate completion surgery, despite a slightly higher risk of structural recurrence. Regarding follow-up of post-lobectomy DTC patients, it is reasonable that an initial risk stratification system based on clinicohistological findings be used to guide the short-term follow-up prior to evaluating the response to initial therapy and that the dynamic risk stratification system based on the response to initial therapy be used to guide long-term follow-up. FAU - Park, Jae Hyun AU - Park JH AD - Department of Surgery, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea. FAU - Yoon, Jong Ho AU - Yoon JH AD - Department of Surgery, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Endocr Relat Cancer JT - Endocrine-related cancer JID - 9436481 SB - IM MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Prognosis MH - Risk Factors MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics/*pathology/*surgery MH - *Thyroidectomy/methods MH - Treatment Outcome OTO - NOTNLM OT - *carcinoma OT - *thyroid EDAT- 2019/04/25 06:00 MHDA- 2020/07/14 06:00 CRDT- 2019/04/25 06:00 PHST- 2019/04/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/04/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/04/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/07/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/04/25 06:00 [entrez] AID - ERC-19-0085.R1 [pii] AID - 10.1530/ERC-19-0085 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocr Relat Cancer. 2019 Jul;26(7):R381-R393. doi: 10.1530/ERC-19-0085. PMID- 30937820 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200504 LR - 20200505 IS - 2038-3312 (Electronic) IS - 2038-131X (Linking) VI - 71 IP - 4 DP - 2019 Dec TI - Complications after reoperative thyroid surgery: retrospective evaluation of 152 consecutive cases. PG - 705-710 LID - 10.1007/s13304-019-00647-y [doi] AB - Reoperative thyroid surgery is an uncommon procedure that is indicated in recurrent benign or malignant disease. It is associated with a high complication rate, especially of hypoparathyroidism and recurrent nerve palsy. We retrospectively reviewed our series of patients on whom reoperative thyroid surgery was performed and we compared this group with patients who underwent primary thyroidectomies. From 2002 to 2015, 4572 thyroidectomies were performed at our institution; among these, 152 (3.3%) were for benign or malignant recurrent disease. We observed a higher rate of transient hypoparathyroidism in secondary vs primary surgery (56.6% vs 25.9%; p < 0.0001), of permanent hypoparathyroidism (10% vs 2.0%; p < 0.0001) and of transient recurrent nerve injury (4.6% vs 1.4%; p < 0.05). Reoperative thyroid surgery is a technical challenge with a high incidence of complications. Scarring, edema, and friability of the tissues together with distortion of the landmarks make reoperative surgery hazardous. Careful assessment of patient's risk factors, physical examination, and if necessary fine needle aspiration cytology are crucial for selecting the patients who should undergo reoperation. Research registry n. 2617 registered 5 June 2017 (retrospectively registered). FAU - Medas, Fabio AU - Medas F AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9546-0178 AD - Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS554, Bivio Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy. fabiomedas@gmail.com. FAU - Tuveri, Massimiliano AU - Tuveri M AD - Istituto Pancreas, Policlinico Borgo Roma, AOUI Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy. FAU - Canu, Gian Luigi AU - Canu GL AD - Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS554, Bivio Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy. FAU - Erdas, Ernico AU - Erdas E AD - Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS554, Bivio Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy. FAU - Calò, Pietro Giorgio AU - Calò PG AD - Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS554, Bivio Sestu, 09042, Monserrato, CA, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20190401 PL - Italy TA - Updates Surg JT - Updates in surgery JID - 101539818 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Anatomic Landmarks MH - Cicatrix/etiology MH - Edema/etiology MH - Female MH - Goiter, Nodular/*surgery MH - Humans MH - Hypoparathyroidism/etiology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Postoperative Complications MH - Postoperative Hemorrhage MH - Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries/etiology MH - Reoperation MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - Thyroid Nodule/*surgery MH - Thyroidectomy/*adverse effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - Hypoparathyroidism OT - Recurrent nerve injury OT - Reoperative thyroid surgery OT - Total thyroidectomy EDAT- 2019/04/03 06:00 MHDA- 2020/05/06 06:00 CRDT- 2019/04/03 06:00 PHST- 2018/05/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/03/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/04/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/05/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/04/03 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s13304-019-00647-y [pii] AID - 10.1007/s13304-019-00647-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Updates Surg. 2019 Dec;71(4):705-710. doi: 10.1007/s13304-019-00647-y. Epub 2019 Apr 1. PMID- 30911279 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190724 LR - 20200225 IS - 1449-1907 (Electronic) IS - 1449-1907 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 3 DP - 2019 TI - Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Genetic Alterations and Molecular Biomarker Investigations. PG - 450-460 LID - 10.7150/ijms.29935 [doi] AB - Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most prevalent form of malignancy among all cancers of the thyroid. It is also one of the few cancers with a rapidly increasing incidence. PTC is usually contained within the thyroid gland and generally biologically indolent. Prognosis of the cancer is excellent, with less than 2% mortality at 5 years. However, more than 25% of patients with PTC developed a recurrence during a long term follow-up. The present article provides an updated condensed overview of PTC, which focuses mainly on the molecular alterations involved and recent biomarker investigations. FAU - Abdullah, Mardiaty Iryani AU - Abdullah MI AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. AD - Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. FAU - Junit, Sarni Mat AU - Junit SM AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Ng, Khoon Leong AU - Ng KL AD - Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Jayapalan, Jaime Jacqueline AU - Jayapalan JJ AD - University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. FAU - Karikalan, Barani AU - Karikalan B AD - Perdana University, Jalan MAEPS Perdana, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia. FAU - Hashim, Onn Haji AU - Hashim OH AD - Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. AD - University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20190228 TA - Int J Med Sci JT - International journal of medical sciences JID - 101213954 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (RET protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (BRAF protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf) RN - EC 3.6.5.2 (ras Proteins) MH - Biomarkers, Tumor/*genetics/metabolism MH - Female MH - Goiter, Nodular/complications MH - Humans MH - Male MH - MicroRNAs MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics MH - Proteomics MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret/genetics MH - Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/diagnosis/*genetics/therapy MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis/*genetics/therapy MH - ras Proteins/genetics PMC - PMC6428975 OTO - NOTNLM OT - biomarker OT - diagnostics OT - genetic signature OT - molecular alteration OT - papillary thyroid cancer COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists. EDAT- 2019/03/27 06:00 MHDA- 2019/07/25 06:00 CRDT- 2019/03/27 06:00 PHST- 2018/09/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/12/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/03/27 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/03/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/07/25 06:00 [medline] AID - ijmsv16p0450 [pii] AID - 10.7150/ijms.29935 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Med Sci. 2019 Feb 28;16(3):450-460. doi: 10.7150/ijms.29935. eCollection 2019. PMID- 30887407 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200413 LR - 20200413 IS - 1573-2606 (Electronic) IS - 1389-9155 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 1 DP - 2019 Mar TI - Efficacy of radiofrequency ablation in autonomous functioning thyroid nodules. A systematic review and meta-analysis. PG - 37-44 LID - 10.1007/s11154-019-09487-y [doi] AB - Whether thermal ablation is effective to treat toxic thyroid nodules (TTN) is still unknown. Aim of this review was to achieve more robust evidence on the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in treating TTN in terms of TSH normalization, thyroid scintiscan, and volume reduction rate (VRR). A comprehensive literature search of PubMed/Medline and Scopus was performed in November 2018 to retrieve published studies. Original papers reporting TTN treated by RFA and later followed-up were eligible. Excluded were: articles not within this field, articles with unclear data, overlapping series, case/series reports. Discordances were solved in a final collegial meeting. Information was collected concerning population features, treatment procedure, follow-up, cases with TSH normalization, cases with scintiscan normalization, VRR of nodules. Pooled prevalence of patients with TSH or scintiscan normalization, and pooled VRR over time were calculated. For statistical analysis, the random-effects model was used. Eight articles published between 2008 and 2018 were included. The overall number of AFTN treated by RFA was 205. Five studies used a single session of treatment. The time of follow-up ranged from six to 24 months. The pooled rate of patients with TSH normalization was 57%. The pooled rate of patients with scintigraphically proven optimal response was 60%. The pooled VRR at 1 year was 79%. Baseline nodules volume was associated with the rate of TSH normalization. In conclusion, a moderate efficacy of RFA in treating TTN was found, and this can represent a solid starting point in this field. FAU - Cesareo, Roberto AU - Cesareo R AD - Thyroid and Metabolic Bone Diseases Center, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy. FAU - Palermo, Andrea AU - Palermo A AD - Department of Endocrinology, University Campus Biomedico, Rome, Italy. FAU - Benvenuto, Domenico AU - Benvenuto D AD - Unit of Medical statistic and Molecular Epidemiology, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cella, Eleonora AU - Cella E AD - Unit of Medical statistic and Molecular Epidemiology, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy. FAU - Pasqualini, Valerio AU - Pasqualini V AD - Departments of Radiology, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy. FAU - Bernardi, Stella AU - Bernardi S AD - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Trieste, Italy. FAU - Stacul, Fulvio AU - Stacul F AD - Radiology Department, Maggiore Teaching Hospital, ASUITS, Trieste, Italy. FAU - Angeletti, Silvia AU - Angeletti S AD - UOC Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy. FAU - Mauri, Giovanni AU - Mauri G AD - Division of Interventional Radiology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy. FAU - Ciccozzi, Massimo AU - Ciccozzi M AD - Unit of Medical statistic and Molecular Epidemiology, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy. FAU - Trimboli, Pierpaolo AU - Trimboli P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2125-4937 AD - Department of Nuclear Medicine and Thyroid Centre, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland. pierpaolo.trimboli@eoc.ch. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Review PL - Germany TA - Rev Endocr Metab Disord JT - Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders JID - 100940588 SB - IM EIN - Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2019 Apr 26;:. PMID: 31028505 MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Radiofrequency Ablation/*methods MH - Thyroid Gland/pathology/surgery MH - Thyroid Nodule/*therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Autonomous functioning thyroid nodules OT - *Radiofrequency ablation EDAT- 2019/03/20 06:00 MHDA- 2020/04/14 06:00 CRDT- 2019/03/20 06:00 PHST- 2019/03/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/04/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/03/20 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s11154-019-09487-y [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11154-019-09487-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2019 Mar;20(1):37-44. doi: 10.1007/s11154-019-09487-y. PMID- 30844924 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190621 LR - 20190621 IS - 1531-6998 (Electronic) IS - 1068-9508 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 2 DP - 2019 Apr TI - Papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid gland: current controversies and management. PG - 110-116 LID - 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000520 [doi] AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To highlight recent advances in our understanding of the nature of micropapillary thyroid carcinoma (mPTC), its evaluation and options of management based on risk. RECENT FINDINGS: A dramatic increase of the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma has been reported worldwide during recent decades, specifically those smaller than 10 mm (mPTC). Although not taking into consideration other risk factors for aggressiveness when describing tumours by their size, most of these newly diagnosed mPTC are indolent and active surveillance can be considered as valid option for their management. SUMMARY: An increasing number of patients with mPTC will be encountered in clinical practice. Although it is difficult to assess the aggressiveness of a tumour on size criteria, less than a total thyroidectomy and active surveillance can be considered for the majority of patients with mPTC. Further trials should be performed to prove this as a valid option of management in the majority of these patients. FAU - Rovira, Aleix AU - Rovira A AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Head, Neck and Thyroid Oncology Unit, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London. FAU - Nixon, Iain J AU - Nixon IJ AD - Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh. FAU - Simo, Ricard AU - Simo R AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Head, Neck and Thyroid Oncology Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg JT - Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery JID - 9417024 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) SB - IM MH - Biomarkers, Tumor MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - Incidental Findings MH - Lymph Nodes/pathology MH - Neoplasm Invasiveness MH - Risk Factors MH - Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/diagnostic imaging/*pathology/surgery/*therapy MH - Thyroid Gland/*pathology/surgery MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging/*pathology/surgery/*therapy MH - Thyroidectomy MH - Ultrasonography MH - *Watchful Waiting EDAT- 2019/03/08 06:00 MHDA- 2019/06/22 06:00 CRDT- 2019/03/08 06:00 PHST- 2019/03/08 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/03/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/06/22 06:00 [medline] AID - 00020840-201904000-00008 [pii] AID - 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000520 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019 Apr;27(2):110-116. doi: 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000520. PMID- 30799425 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190819 LR - 20190819 IS - 2296-5262 (Electronic) IS - 2296-5270 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 3 DP - 2019 TI - Long Non-Coding RNAs in Thyroid Cancer: Implications for Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapy. PG - 136-142 LID - 10.1159/000495151 [doi] AB - Thyroid cancer is a rare malignancy and accounts for less than 1% of malignant neoplasms in humans; however, it is the most common cancer of the endocrine system and responsible for most deaths from endocrine cancer. Long non-coding (Lnc)RNAs are defined as non-coding transcripts that are more than 200 nucleotides in length. Their expression deregulation plays an important role in the progress of cancer. These molecules are involved in physiologic cellular processes, genomic imprinting, inactivation of chromosome X, maintenance of pluripotency, and the formation of different organs via changes in chromatin, transcription, and translation. LncRNAs can act as a tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes. Several studies have shown that these molecules can interact with microRNAs and prevent their binding to messenger RNAs. Research has shown that these molecules play an important role in tumorigenicity, angiogenesis, proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and differentiation. In thyroid cancer, several lncRNAs (MALAT1, H19, BANCR, HOTAIR) have been identified as contributing factors to cancer development, and can be used as novel biomarkers for early diagnosis or even treatment. In this article, we study the newest lncRNAs and their role in thyroid cancer. CI - © 2019 S. Karger AG, Basel. FAU - Mahmoudian-Sani, Mohammad-Reza AU - Mahmoudian-Sani MR FAU - Jalali, Akram AU - Jalali A FAU - Jamshidi, Mohammad AU - Jamshidi M FAU - Moridi, Heresh AU - Moridi H FAU - Alghasi, Arash AU - Alghasi A FAU - Shojaeian, Ali AU - Shojaeian A FAU - Mobini, Gholam-Reza AU - Mobini GR LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20190223 PL - Netherlands TA - Oncol Res Treat JT - Oncology research and treatment JID - 101627692 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) RN - 0 (RNA, Long Noncoding) MH - Biomarkers, Tumor/*genetics MH - Gene Editing/methods MH - *Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic MH - Genetic Therapy/methods MH - Humans MH - RNA, Long Noncoding/antagonists & inhibitors/*genetics MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis/*genetics/pathology/therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - Biomarker OT - Follicular thyroid carcinoma OT - LncRNA OT - Papillary thyroid carcinoma OT - Thyroid cancer EDAT- 2019/02/26 06:00 MHDA- 2019/08/20 06:00 CRDT- 2019/02/26 06:00 PHST- 2018/07/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/10/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/02/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/08/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/02/26 06:00 [entrez] AID - 000495151 [pii] AID - 10.1159/000495151 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Oncol Res Treat. 2019;42(3):136-142. doi: 10.1159/000495151. Epub 2019 Feb 23. PMID- 30717913 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190530 LR - 20190530 IS - 1558-4410 (Electronic) IS - 0889-8529 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 1 DP - 2019 Mar TI - Clinical Assessment and Risk Stratification in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. PG - 99-108 LID - S0889-8529(18)30589-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.11.002 [doi] AB - Thyroid cancer management is rapidly evolving to a personalized management approach. Risk stratification systems are designed to assist in personalized management. Differentiating patients who may benefit from aggressive therapy and intense follow-up as opposed to those who can be successfully treated with minimalized initial management options and follow-up is crucial to the development of the right treatment plan for the right patient in order to optimize initial therapy and follow-up testing. This article aims to describe and discuss the risk stratification systems currently recommended for differentiated thyroid cancer. CI - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Vaisman, Fernanda AU - Vaisman F AD - Endocrinology Service, Instituto Nacional do Cancer, Praça da Cruz Vermelha 23, 8° andar, centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20230-130, Brazil. Electronic address: fevaisman@globo.com. FAU - Tuttle, R Michael AU - Tuttle RM AD - Endocrinology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am JT - Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America JID - 8800104 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Neoplasm Staging MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/classification/*diagnosis OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Mortality OT - *Recurrence OT - *Response to therapy OT - *Risk stratification OT - *Thyroid cancer EDAT- 2019/02/06 06:00 MHDA- 2019/05/31 06:00 CRDT- 2019/02/06 06:00 PHST- 2019/02/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/02/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/05/31 06:00 [medline] AID - S0889-8529(18)30589-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.11.002 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2019 Mar;48(1):99-108. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.11.002. PMID- 30717912 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190530 LR - 20190530 IS - 1558-4410 (Electronic) IS - 0889-8529 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 1 DP - 2019 Mar TI - Molecular Diagnostic Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules. PG - 85-97 LID - S0889-8529(18)30581-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.10.004 [doi] AB - The historical management approach for many patients with indeterminate thyroid nodule fine needle aspiration cytology is a diagnostic lobectomy or thyroidectomy. However, the majority of patients undergo surgery unnecessarily, because most are proven to have benign disease on histology. Molecular testing is a diagnostic tool that can be used to help guide the clinical management of thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology results. Testing has evolved substantially over the last decade with significant advances in testing methodology and improvements in our understanding of the genetic basis of thyroid cancer. CI - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Mayson, Sarah E AU - Mayson SE AD - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, MS 8106, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Electronic address: Sarah.Mayson@ucdenver.edu. FAU - Haugen, Bryan R AU - Haugen BR AD - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, MS 8106, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20181210 PL - United States TA - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am JT - Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America JID - 8800104 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Thyroid Nodule/*diagnosis/*genetics/pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Afirma OT - *Indeterminate cytology OT - *Molecular testing OT - *ThyroSeq OT - *Thyroid nodule EDAT- 2019/02/06 06:00 MHDA- 2019/05/31 06:00 CRDT- 2019/02/06 06:00 PHST- 2019/02/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/02/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/05/31 06:00 [medline] AID - S0889-8529(18)30581-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.10.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2019 Mar;48(1):85-97. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.10.004. Epub 2018 Dec 10. PMID- 30717910 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190530 LR - 20200309 IS - 1558-4410 (Electronic) IS - 0889-8529 (Print) IS - 0889-8529 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 1 DP - 2019 Mar TI - Coding Molecular Determinants of Thyroid Cancer Development and Progression. PG - 37-59 LID - S0889-8529(18)30580-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.10.003 [doi] AB - Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. Its incidence and mortality rates have increased for patients with advanced-stage papillary thyroid cancer. The characterization of the molecular pathways essential in thyroid cancer initiation and progression has made huge progress, underlining the role of intracellular signaling to promote clonal evolution, dedifferentiation, metastasis, and drug resistance. The discovery of genetic alterations that include mutations (BRAF, hTERT), translocations, deletions (eg, 9p), and copy-number gain (eg, 1q) has provided new biological insights with clinical applications. Understanding how molecular pathways interplay is one of the key strategies to develop new therapeutic treatments and improve prognosis. CI - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Valvo, Veronica AU - Valvo V AD - Laboratory of Human Thyroid Cancers Preclinical and Translational Research, Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute (CRI), Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 99 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pathology, Center for Vascular Biology Research (CVBR), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 99 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA. FAU - Nucera, Carmelo AU - Nucera C AD - Laboratory of Human Thyroid Cancers Preclinical and Translational Research, Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute (CRI), Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 99 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pathology, Center for Vascular Biology Research (CVBR), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 99 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Electronic address: cnucera@bidmc.harvard.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 CA181183/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 CA165039/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20181223 TA - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am JT - Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America JID - 8800104 SB - IM MH - *Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics PMC - PMC6366338 MID - NIHMS1517373 OTO - NOTNLM OT - *BRAF(V600E) OT - *CDKN2A OT - *Microenvironment OT - *PAX8/PPRγ OT - *RAS OT - *Thyroid carcinoma OT - *hTERT EDAT- 2019/02/06 06:00 MHDA- 2019/05/31 06:00 CRDT- 2019/02/06 06:00 PHST- 2019/02/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/02/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/05/31 06:00 [medline] AID - S0889-8529(18)30580-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.10.003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2019 Mar;48(1):37-59. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.10.003. Epub 2018 Dec 23. PMID- 30717909 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190530 LR - 20190530 IS - 1558-4410 (Electronic) IS - 0889-8529 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 1 DP - 2019 Mar TI - Management of Medullary Thyroid Cancer. PG - 285-301 LID - S0889-8529(18)30593-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.11.006 [doi] AB - Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is rare but aggressive. It can be cured only if intrathyroid at diagnosis. MTC can be sporadic (75%) or familial (25%) and the 2 forms are distinguished by RET mutations analysis. Calcitonin is the specific serum marker; its doubling time is the most important prognostic factor for survival and progression; 30% of MTC patients have distant metastases at diagnosis and, when progressing, systemic therapy with vandetanib or cabozantinib should be considered. Before starting this treatment, the possibility of using a local treatment should be evaluated to delay systemic therapy. A multidisciplinary team should care for these patients. CI - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Viola, David AU - Viola D AD - Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa 56124, Italy. FAU - Elisei, Rossella AU - Elisei R AD - Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa 56124, Italy. Electronic address: rossella.elisei@med.unipi.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20181226 PL - United States TA - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am JT - Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America JID - 8800104 RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - 9007-12-9 (Calcitonin) RN - Thyroid cancer, medullary SB - IM MH - Calcitonin/*blood MH - Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/*diagnosis/*drug therapy/genetics/*surgery MH - Humans MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*drug therapy/genetics/*surgery OTO - NOTNLM OT - *CEA OT - *Calcitonin OT - *MEN OT - *Medullary thyroid cancer OT - *RET EDAT- 2019/02/06 06:00 MHDA- 2019/05/31 06:00 CRDT- 2019/02/06 06:00 PHST- 2019/02/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/02/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/05/31 06:00 [medline] AID - S0889-8529(18)30593-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.11.006 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2019 Mar;48(1):285-301. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.11.006. Epub 2018 Dec 26. PMID- 30717904 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190530 LR - 20190530 IS - 1558-4410 (Electronic) IS - 0889-8529 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 1 DP - 2019 Mar TI - Thyroid Hormone Suppression Therapy. PG - 227-237 LID - S0889-8529(18)30585-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.10.008 [doi] AB - Thyroid hormone suppression therapy is designed to lower serum thyrotropin (TSH) levels using doses of thyroid hormone in excess of what would normally be required to maintain a euthyroid state. The basis of this therapy is the knowledge that TSH is a growth factor for thyroid cancer, so that lower serum TSH levels might be associated with decreased disease activity. However, clinical studies have not documented improved outcomes with TSH suppression, except in patients with the most advanced disease. Furthermore, there are a number of negative outcomes related to aggressive thyroid hormone therapy, including osteoporosis, fracture, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, a graded approach to TSH suppression is recommended by the American Thyroid Association, based on initial risk and ongoing risk assessment. CI - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Biondi, Bernadette AU - Biondi B AD - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy. FAU - Cooper, David S AU - Cooper DS AD - Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 333, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address: dscooper@jhmi.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20181204 PL - United States TA - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am JT - Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America JID - 8800104 RN - 9002-71-5 (Thyrotropin) RN - Q51BO43MG4 (Thyroxine) SB - IM MH - Cardiovascular Diseases/*chemically induced MH - Humans MH - Hyperthyroidism/*chemically induced MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*blood/*drug therapy MH - *Thyrotropin/blood/drug effects MH - Thyroxine/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Bone OT - *Cardiovascular system OT - *Levothyroxine OT - *Mortality OT - *Thyroid cancer OT - *Thyrotropin EDAT- 2019/02/06 06:00 MHDA- 2019/05/31 06:00 CRDT- 2019/02/06 06:00 PHST- 2019/02/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/02/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/05/31 06:00 [medline] AID - S0889-8529(18)30585-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.10.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2019 Mar;48(1):227-237. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.10.008. Epub 2018 Dec 4. PMID- 30717896 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190530 LR - 20200301 IS - 1558-4410 (Electronic) IS - 0889-8529 (Print) IS - 0889-8529 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 1 DP - 2019 Mar TI - Genetic-guided Risk Assessment and Management of Thyroid Cancer. PG - 109-124 LID - S0889-8529(18)30594-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.11.007 [doi] AB - Controversies exist on how to optimally manage thyroid cancer because the prognosis is often uncertain based on clinical backgrounds. This can now be helped with prognostic genetic markers in thyroid cancer, exemplified by BRAF V600E and TERT promoter mutations, which have been well characterized and widely appreciated. The genetic duet of BRAF V600E/RAS and TERT promoter mutations is a most robust prognostic genetic pattern for poor prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer. The high negative predictive values of the prognostic genetic markers are equally valuable. The best prognostic value of genetic markers in thyroid cancer is achieved through a clinical risk level-based and genotype-individualized manner. CI - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Xing, Mingzhao AU - Xing M AD - Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 333, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address: mxing1@jhmi.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 CA134225/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 CA189224/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 CA215142/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Review TA - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am JT - Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America JID - 8800104 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) SB - IM MH - *Biomarkers, Tumor MH - Humans MH - *Risk Assessment MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*genetics PMC - PMC6447365 MID - NIHMS1517424 OTO - NOTNLM OT - *BRAF V600E mutation OT - *Genetic molecular marker OT - *Prognosis OT - *RAS mutation OT - *Risk stratification OT - *TERT promoter Mutation OT - *Thyroid cancer COIS- Conflict of Interest Disclosure: Mingzhao Xing receives royalties as co-holder of a licensed USA patent related to BRAF V600E mutation in thyroid cancer. EDAT- 2019/02/06 06:00 MHDA- 2019/05/31 06:00 CRDT- 2019/02/06 06:00 PHST- 2019/02/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/02/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/05/31 06:00 [medline] AID - S0889-8529(18)30594-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.11.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2019 Mar;48(1):109-124. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.11.007. PMID- 30717895 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190530 LR - 20190530 IS - 1558-4410 (Electronic) IS - 0889-8529 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 1 DP - 2019 Mar TI - The Current Histologic Classification of Thyroid Cancer. PG - 1-22 LID - S0889-8529(18)30578-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.10.001 [doi] AB - Thyroid cancers of follicular cell derivation provide excellent phenotype-genotype correlations. Current morphologic classifications are complex and require simplification. Benign adenomas have follicular or papillary architecture and bland cytology. Well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas exhibit follicular architecture, expansile growth, and variable cytologic atypia and invasiveness; low-risk tumors have excellent prognosis after surgical resection whereas widely-invasive and angioinvasive tumors warrant total thyroidectomy and radioablation. Papillary carcinoma is less differentiated; indolent microcarcinomas can be managed by active surveillance, whereas clinical lesions with local or distant spread require therapy. Progression gives rise to poorly differentiated and anaplastic carcinomas that are less common but far more aggressive. CI - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Asa, Sylvia L AU - Asa SL AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada. Electronic address: sylvia.asa@utoronto.ca. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am JT - Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America JID - 8800104 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Thyroid Neoplasms/classification/genetics/pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Classification OT - *Cytology OT - *Genotype-phenotype correlations OT - *Histomorphology OT - *Prognosis OT - *Thyroid cancer EDAT- 2019/02/06 06:00 MHDA- 2019/05/31 06:00 CRDT- 2019/02/06 06:00 PHST- 2019/02/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/02/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/05/31 06:00 [medline] AID - S0889-8529(18)30578-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.10.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2019 Mar;48(1):1-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.10.001. PMID- 30685073 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190502 LR - 20190502 IS - 1532-8708 (Electronic) IS - 0093-7754 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 1 DP - 2019 Feb TI - Managing the adverse events associated with lenvatinib therapy in radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. PG - 57-64 LID - S0093-7754(18)30220-3 [pii] LID - 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2018.11.004 [doi] AB - Lenvatinib is a multikinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors 1-3, fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-4, RET, KIT, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α. Lenvatinib is approved as a monotherapy for the treatment of radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer and in combination with everolimus for the second-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. Lenvatinib is also under investigation for the treatment of several malignancies including unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Although lenvatinib is associated with favorable efficacy, it is associated with adverse events (AEs) that the clinician will have to closely monitor for and proactively manage. Most of these AEs are known class effects of VEGF-targeted therapies, including hypertension, diarrhea, fatigue or asthenia, decreased appetite, and weight loss. This review summarizes the safety profile of lenvatinib and offers guidance for the management of both frequent and rare AEs. We discuss the potential mechanisms underlying these AEs and present practical recommendations for managing toxicities. The development of treatment plans that include prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for the management of lenvatinib-associated AEs has the potential to improve patient quality of life, optimize adherence, minimize the need for dose reductions, treatment interruptions, or discontinuations, and maximize patient outcomes. CI - Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Cabanillas, Maria E AU - Cabanillas ME AD - Department of Endocrine Neoplasia & Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: mcabani@mdanderson.org. FAU - Takahashi, Shunji AU - Takahashi S AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20181221 PL - United States TA - Semin Oncol JT - Seminars in oncology JID - 0420432 RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Phenylurea Compounds) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Quinolines) RN - 9HW64Q8G6G (Everolimus) RN - EE083865G2 (lenvatinib) SB - IM MH - Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy/epidemiology/pathology MH - Carcinoma, Renal Cell/drug therapy/epidemiology/pathology MH - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/*epidemiology/pathology MH - Everolimus/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/*therapeutic use MH - Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy/epidemiology/pathology MH - Phenylurea Compounds/*adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Quinolines/*adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Adverse event OT - *Differentiated thyroid cancer OT - *Lenvatinib OT - *Side effect OT - *Tyrosine kinase inhibitor EDAT- 2019/01/28 06:00 MHDA- 2019/05/03 06:00 CRDT- 2019/01/28 06:00 PHST- 2018/11/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/11/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/01/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/05/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/01/28 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0093-7754(18)30220-3 [pii] AID - 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2018.11.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Semin Oncol. 2019 Feb;46(1):57-64. doi: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2018.11.004. Epub 2018 Dec 21. PMID- 30664052 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190621 LR - 20190621 IS - 1531-6998 (Electronic) IS - 1068-9508 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 2 DP - 2019 Apr TI - Radiation-induced papillary thyroid cancer: is it a distinct clinical entity? PG - 117-122 LID - 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000522 [doi] AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To present the current status of knowledge regarding radiation-induced papillary thyroid cancer (RIPTC), defining its epidemiologic, pathologic, and clinical characteristics, with ensuing possible therapeutic and prognostic consequences. RECENT FINDINGS: Cumulative evidence shows that RIPTC resembles sporadic papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) of comparable age, both in terms of clinical-pathological features and prognosis. Therefore, more aggressive treatment does not seem to be required when managing RIPTC as its prognosis is comparable to that of never-irradiated patients. SUMMARY: Radiation exposure in childhood is a well-documented risk factor for development of PTC. Therefore, increased exposure to medical or environmental radiation may be in part responsible, along with increased screening, of the recent burgeoning incidence of PTC. A specific morphological and molecular portrait of RIPTC is unlikely to exist. The more aggressive histologic and clinical features initially reported in radiation-induced cases are consistent with the expectations in nonradiation-related PTC of a comparable age. Aggressive histology, nodal, and distant metastases correlate with early age at onset rather than with radiation exposure. Although relapses are frequent in children, long-term cancer-specific mortality is approximately 1%, lower than that observed for adults and comparable between irradiated and nonirradiated cohorts. RIPTC does not require more aggressive surgery or more adjuvant treatments, as prognosis is as good as that of sporadic PTC when matched for stage and treatment received. FAU - Bresciani, Lorenzo AU - Bresciani L AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS, National Cancer Institute of Milan. AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS, Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico. FAU - Orlandi, Ester AU - Orlandi E AD - Department of Radiotherapy, Fondazione IRCCS, National Cancer Institute of Milan, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. FAU - Piazza, Cesare AU - Piazza C AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial, and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS, National Cancer Institute of Milan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg JT - Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery JID - 9417024 SB - IM MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation MH - Humans MH - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology/*genetics/*pathology/therapy MH - Prognosis MH - Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/epidemiology/*genetics/*pathology/therapy MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/epidemiology/*genetics/*pathology/therapy EDAT- 2019/01/22 06:00 MHDA- 2019/06/22 06:00 CRDT- 2019/01/22 06:00 PHST- 2019/01/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/06/22 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/01/22 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000522 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019 Apr;27(2):117-122. doi: 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000522. PMID- 30628046 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20191227 LR - 20200225 IS - 1720-8386 (Electronic) IS - 0391-4097 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 8 DP - 2019 Aug TI - Local ablative therapy of oligoprogressive TKI-treated thyroid cancer. PG - 871-879 LID - 10.1007/s40618-019-1001-x [doi] AB - Metastatic cancer patients generally respond well to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, TKI resistance occurs in almost all cases and often leads to a change in treatment. Recent guidelines, including thyroid cancer, raised the possibility of locally treating TKI-resistant oligoprogressive disease, i.e., one or a few progressing lesions in an otherwise treatment-responsive metastatic cancer, thereby obviating the need to change the ongoing TKI. To determine the benefits of this intervention, we reviewed studies on the use of LAT for TKI-treated oligoprogressive cancers. We found that in non-small cell lung cancer at least, LAT prolongs disease control and the duration of exposure to a TKI irrespective of the LAT used. Moreover, we reviewed the local ablative therapies (LATs) that are feasible for the local control of oligoprogressive thyroid cancer. Lastly, we report two illustrative cases of patients with oligoprogressive thyroid cancer treated with two different LATs while on therapy with TKIs. Both LATs extended the duration of disease control and the time of exposure to the ongoing TKI, thereby indicating that LAT is a favorable option for TKI-treated oligoprogressive thyroid cancer. Prospective randomized studies are needed to verify the benefit of LATs in terms of progression-free and overall survival in this increasingly frequent clinical setting. FAU - Porcelli, T AU - Porcelli T AD - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy. tommasoporcelli@gmail.com. FAU - Sessa, F AU - Sessa F AD - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy. FAU - Luongo, C AU - Luongo C AD - Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy. FAU - Salvatore, D AU - Salvatore D AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20190109 PL - Italy TA - J Endocrinol Invest JT - Journal of endocrinological investigation JID - 7806594 RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) SB - IM MH - Catheter Ablation/*methods MH - Combined Modality Therapy MH - Humans MH - Prognosis MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology/*therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - Lenvatinib OT - Local ablative therapy OT - Metastatic thyroid cancer OT - Oligoprogression OT - Thyroid cancer OT - Tyrosine kinase inhibitors EDAT- 2019/01/11 06:00 MHDA- 2019/12/28 06:00 CRDT- 2019/01/11 06:00 PHST- 2018/10/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/01/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/01/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/12/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/01/11 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s40618-019-1001-x [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40618-019-1001-x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Endocrinol Invest. 2019 Aug;42(8):871-879. doi: 10.1007/s40618-019-1001-x. Epub 2019 Jan 9. PMID- 30543358 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200210 LR - 20200210 IS - 2374-2445 (Electronic) IS - 2374-2437 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 4 DP - 2019 Apr 1 TI - Parallels Between Low-Risk Prostate Cancer and Thyroid Cancer: A Review. PG - 556-564 LID - 10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.5321 [doi] AB - IMPORTANCE: Across many countries, a rapid escalation of the incidence of thyroid cancer has been observed, a surge that nonetheless underestimates the true extent of the disease. Most thyroid cancers now diagnosed comprise small, low-risk cancers that are incidentally found and are unlikely to cause harm. In many ways, prostate cancer similarly harbors a well-behaved subclinical reservoir, a long natural history, and superlative outcomes that have made active surveillance the de facto guideline recommendation for low-risk disease. This review highlights the parallels and differences between prostate cancer and thyroid cancer regarding screening, diagnosis, risk stratification, and considerations for active surveillance. OBSERVATIONS: Prostate cancer and thyroid cancer have undergone recalibrated, de-escalatory shifts to counter changing epidemiologic landscapes. The US Preventive Services Task Force has issued cautionary recommendations on screening via prostate-specific antigen testing or neck ultrasonography, while the thresholds to performing biopsy have increased. Comparable changes to cancer terminology and staging have also helped alleviate patient anxiety and minimize pressure for overtreatment. Long-term, randomized prospective clinical trials for prostate cancer have established active surveillance as a first-line treatment approach for properly stratified low-risk patients, while observational trials for thyroid cancer have also made strides in defining risk and eligibility for surgery. Caveats requiring deeper investigation include aggressive disease in older patients, underestimation of the extent of the disease, and patient-physician bias in shared decision making. For prostate cancer, survival may not improve and function will likely worsen after intervention; for thyroid cancer, patients are younger, surgery is safer, and the bar for surveillance will likely be higher. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Despite similarities in biological indolence between low-risk prostate and thyroid malignant neoplasms, key distinctions in life expectancy and treatment sequelae may ultimately confer somewhat disparate management paradigms for the 2 diseases. Nevertheless, the experience forged by prostate cancer trials serves as a model for thyroid cancer management, potentially reshaping the perception of active surveillance into a credible, valuable treatment modality. FAU - Ho, Allen S AU - Ho AS AD - Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. AD - Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. FAU - Daskivich, Timothy J AU - Daskivich TJ AD - Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. AD - Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. FAU - Sacks, Wendy L AU - Sacks WL AD - Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. AD - Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. FAU - Zumsteg, Zachary S AU - Zumsteg ZS AD - Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - JAMA Oncol JT - JAMA oncology JID - 101652861 SB - IM MH - Disease Progression MH - Early Detection of Cancer MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnosis MH - Risk MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*diagnosis MH - Watchful Waiting EDAT- 2018/12/14 06:00 MHDA- 2020/02/11 06:00 CRDT- 2018/12/14 06:00 PHST- 2018/12/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/02/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/12/14 06:00 [entrez] AID - 2718008 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.5321 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - JAMA Oncol. 2019 Apr 1;5(4):556-564. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.5321. PMID- 30541319 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190830 LR - 20190830 IS - 0862-495X (Print) IS - 0862-495X (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 5 DP - 2018 Fall TI - The Significance of BRAFV600E Mutation in Thyroid Cancer in Terms of Novel Targeted Therapies - Overview of Current Knowledge and Studies. PG - 339-344 LID - 10.14735/amko2018339 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: About 50% of papillary thyroid cancers, the most common type of all thyroid malignancies, harbor the BRAFV600E mutation. The prognostic value of this mutation is still under debate, but according to many studies, the BRAF mutation significantly downregulates genes involved in the iodine metabolism of tumor follicular cells. This mutation can be also found in some dedifferentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancers, which raises the issue of the selective advantage of novel targeted therapies. AIM: The aim of this review is to discuss the significance of the BRAF mutation mostly in radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancers (RR-TC) with respect to recent preclinical and clinical studies reporting the results of different RAF and MEK inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS: BRAF mutation detection in progressive RR-TC could play a role in decision-making of targeted therapies in the near future. So far, only multi-kinase inhibitors (sorafenib and lenvatinib) are legally accepted. On the other hand, for patients with disseminated BRAF mutant malignant melanoma or lung cancer, selective treatments with RAF and MEK inhibitors (vemurafenib, dabrafenib, and trametinib) are available. A crucial advantage of these inhibitors in the treatment of thyroid cancer is their ability to restore expression of the genes involved in iodine metabolism in cancer cells that have lost this ability, thus opening the door for radioiodine  treatment again. Key words thyroid cancer - BRAF mutation - biological therapy - tyrosine kinase inhibitor - MEK inhibitor The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers. Submitted: 4. 6. 2018 Accepted: 1. 8. 2018. FAU - Iva, Jakubíková AU - Iva J FAU - Filip, Gabalec AU - Filip G FAU - Martin, Beránek AU - Martin B FAU - Pavel, Žák AU - Pavel Ž FAU - Jan, Čáp AU - Jan Č LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review TT - Význam mutace BRAFV600E v tyreoidální onkologii a možnosti léčebného ovlivnění - aktuální poznatky a výsledky studií. PL - Czech Republic TA - Klin Onkol JT - Klinicka onkologie : casopis Ceske a Slovenske onkologicke spolecnosti JID - 9425213 RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (BRAF protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf) SB - IM MH - Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use MH - Molecular Targeted Therapy MH - Mutation MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/*genetics MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics OTO - NOTNLM OT - or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers. Submitted: 4. 6. 2018 Accepted: 1. 8. 2018 OT - products OT - thyroid cancer - BRAF mutation - biological therapy - tyrosine kinase inhibitor - MEK inhibitor The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs EDAT- 2018/12/14 06:00 MHDA- 2019/08/31 06:00 CRDT- 2018/12/14 06:00 PHST- 2018/12/14 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/12/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/08/31 06:00 [medline] AID - 105900 [pii] AID - 10.14735/amko2018339 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Klin Onkol. 2018 Fall;31(5):339-344. doi: 10.14735/amko2018339. PMID- 30541010 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20191220 LR - 20191220 IS - 1663-2826 (Electronic) IS - 1663-2818 (Linking) VI - 91 IP - 2 DP - 2019 TI - Thyroid Sequelae of Pediatric Cancer Therapy. PG - 104-117 LID - 10.1159/000495040 [doi] AB - The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is a common site of unintended, acquired disease either during or after the treatment of cancer. Children treated with external radiation therapy are at the highest risk for developing a thyroid-related late effect, but thyroid dysfunction and second primary thyroid neoplasms can also occur after treatment with radiopharmaceutical agents such as 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine. Increasingly recognized is the development of early thyroid dysfunction as an off-target consequence of the more novel cancer therapeutics such as the tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Thyroid sequelae resulting from irradiation may manifest only after years to decades of follow-up, and their resultant clinical symptoms may be indolent and non-specific. Therefore, lifelong monitoring of the childhood cancer survivor at risk for thyroid disease is paramount. In this comprehensive review, the myriad thyroid adverse effects resulting from pediatric cancer treatment are discussed and an overview of screening and treatment of these thyroid sequelae provided. CI - © 2018 S. Karger AG, Basel. FAU - Waguespack, Steven G AU - Waguespack SG AD - Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders and the Department of Pediatrics-Patient Care, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA, swagues@mdanderson.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20181212 PL - Switzerland TA - Horm Res Paediatr JT - Hormone research in paediatrics JID - 101525157 RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Radiopharmaceuticals) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - *Cancer Survivors MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Male MH - Neoplasms, Second Primary/drug therapy/metabolism/pathology MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use MH - Radiopharmaceuticals/*therapeutic use MH - *Thyroid Gland/metabolism/pathology MH - *Thyroid Neoplasms/drug therapy/metabolism/pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine OT - Childhood cancer survivor OT - Hyperthyroidism OT - Hypothyroidism OT - Immunotherapy OT - Late effect OT - Photon OT - Proton therapy OT - Radiation OT - Risk OT - Thyroid cancer OT - Tyrosine kinase inhibitor EDAT- 2018/12/13 06:00 MHDA- 2019/12/21 06:00 CRDT- 2018/12/13 06:00 PHST- 2018/09/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/10/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/12/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/12/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/12/13 06:00 [entrez] AID - 000495040 [pii] AID - 10.1159/000495040 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Horm Res Paediatr. 2019;91(2):104-117. doi: 10.1159/000495040. Epub 2018 Dec 12. PMID- 30347815 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190115 LR - 20190115 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 10 DP - 2018 Oct 20 TI - Pazopanib, Cabozantinib, and Vandetanib in the Treatment of Progressive Medullary Thyroid Cancer with a Special Focus on the Adverse Effects on Hypertension. LID - 10.3390/ijms19103258 [doi] LID - 3258 AB - Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis. First line therapy is surgery, which is the only curative method of the disease. However, in non-operable cases or with tumor progression and metastases, a systemic treatment is necessary. This form of cancer is often insensitive to conventional chemotherapy, but the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as pazopanib, cabozantinib, and vandetanib, has shown promising results with an increase in progression-free survival and prolonged lifetime. Therefore, we focused on the pharmacological characteristics of TKIs, their mechanism of action, their application as a secondary treatment option for MTC, their efficacy as a cancer drug treatment, and reviewed the ongoing clinical trials. TKIs also act systemically causing various adverse events (AEs). One common AE of this treatment is hypertension, known to be associated with cardiovascular disease and can therefore potentially worsen the well-being of the treated patients. The available treatment strategies of drug-induced hypertension were discussed. The mechanism behind the development of hypertension is still unclear. Therefore, the treatment of this AE remains symptomatic. Thus, future studies are necessary to investigate the link between tumor growth inhibition and hypertension. In addition, optimized, individual treatment strategies should be implemented. FAU - Milling, Rikke Vilsbøll AU - Milling RV AD - Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. rikke-milling@hotmail.com. FAU - Grimm, Daniela AU - Grimm D AD - Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. dgg@biomed.au.dk. AD - Clinic and Policlinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. dgg@biomed.au.dk. FAU - Krüger, Marcus AU - Krüger M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1120-0246 AD - Clinic and Policlinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. marcus.krueger@med.ovgu.de. FAU - Grosse, Jirka AU - Grosse J AD - Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Regensburg, 95053 Regensburg, Germany. jirka.grosse@klinik.uni-regensburg.de. FAU - Kopp, Sascha AU - Kopp S AD - Clinic and Policlinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. sascha.kopp@med.ovgu.de. FAU - Bauer, Johann AU - Bauer J AD - Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany. jbauer@biochem.mpg.de. FAU - Infanger, Manfred AU - Infanger M AD - Clinic and Policlinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. manfred.infanger@med.ovgu.de. FAU - Wehland, Markus AU - Wehland M AD - Clinic and Policlinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. markus.wehland@med.ovgu.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20181020 TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (Anilides) RN - 0 (Piperidines) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Pyridines) RN - 0 (Pyrimidines) RN - 0 (Quinazolines) RN - 0 (Sulfonamides) RN - 1C39JW444G (cabozantinib) RN - 7RN5DR86CK (pazopanib) RN - YO460OQ37K (N-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-7-((1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)methoxy)quinazolin-4-amine) RN - Thyroid cancer, medullary SB - IM MH - Anilides/*adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/*drug therapy MH - Cardiotoxicity/etiology MH - Humans MH - Hypertension/*etiology MH - Piperidines/*adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/*adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Pyridines/*adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Pyrimidines/*adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Quinazolines/*adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Sulfonamides/*adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy PMC - PMC6214082 OTO - NOTNLM OT - VEGF OT - antiangiogenesis OT - hypertension OT - medullary thyroid carcinoma OT - tyrosine kinase inhibitors COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2018/10/24 06:00 MHDA- 2019/01/16 06:00 CRDT- 2018/10/24 06:00 PHST- 2018/08/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/09/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/10/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/10/24 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/10/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/01/16 06:00 [medline] AID - ijms19103258 [pii] AID - ijms-19-03258 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms19103258 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Oct 20;19(10):3258. doi: 10.3390/ijms19103258. PMID- 30228641 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190823 LR - 20190823 IS - 0026-6620 (Print) IS - 0026-6620 (Linking) VI - 114 IP - 5 DP - 2017 Sep-Oct TI - Persistent Elevation of Thyroglobulin in Patient Treated for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Ten-Year Review. PG - 387-393 AB - Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) is increasing in prevalence due to better diagnostic tools and excellent long-term survival. This study is to understand the outcome of twenty-six patients with DTC over a period of 10 years after the initial treatment with surgery and radioiodine therapy. Our study analysis showed no deaths, and indicated that older men were more likely to have persistent disease. Further studies are needed to focus on cost effective long-term management of DTC. FAU - Khan, Sarah AU - Khan S AD - Sarah Khan is at the University of Missouri School of Medicine. FAU - Prabhushankar, Roopashree AU - Prabhushankar R AD - Roopashree Prabhushankar, MD, is at Desert Kidney Associates, Endocrinology, Mesa, Arizona. FAU - Leary, Emily AU - Leary E AD - Emily Leary, PhD, is at the University of Missouri School of Medicine. FAU - Khan, Uzma Z AU - Khan UZ AD - Uzma Z. Khan, MD, is at the University of Missouri School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review TA - Mo Med JT - Missouri medicine JID - 0400744 RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) RN - 9010-34-8 (Thyroglobulin) MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Cost-Benefit Analysis MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Missouri MH - Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Prevalence MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Thyroglobulin/*blood MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*metabolism/*pathology/radiotherapy/surgery MH - Thyroidectomy/methods MH - Treatment Outcome MH - United States/epidemiology PMC - PMC6140183 EDAT- 2018/09/20 06:00 MHDA- 2019/08/24 06:00 CRDT- 2018/09/20 06:00 PHST- 2018/09/20 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/09/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/08/24 06:00 [medline] AID - ms114_p0387 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - Mo Med. 2017 Sep-Oct;114(5):387-393. PMID- 30200972 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190411 LR - 20190411 IS - 1477-7819 (Electronic) IS - 1477-7819 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2018 Sep 10 TI - Assessment of thyroid cancer risk in more than 334,000 patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a case-control study and a meta-analysis. PG - 182 LID - 10.1186/s12957-018-1485-4 [doi] LID - 182 AB - BACKGROUND: Potential risk of thyroid cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease has not been well investigated. The aim of the study was to reveal the relationship between history of inflammatory bowel disease and risk of thyroid cancer. METHODS: First, 1392 patients with inflammatory bowel disease and 1392 controls were included in a case-control study. All patients did not receive immunosuppressive therapy. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was adopted to determine the relationship between history of inflammatory bowel disease and risk of thyroid cancer. Second, a literature search was performed and eight articles were collected. Pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were reported for relevant risk estimates in fixed or random effect model. RESULTS: In the case-control study, thyroid cancer was more common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease than in controls (P = 0.032). After Bonferroni correction, association of thyroid cancer risk with history of total inflammatory bowel disease or its two subtypes was not found. In the meta-analysis, patients with total inflammatory bowel disease or ulcerative colitis showed an increased risk of thyroid cancer, but patients with Crohn's disease did not. Furthermore, inflammatory bowel disease patients with immunosuppressive therapy showed an increased risk of the cancer, but patients without immunosuppressive therapy did not have this finding. CONCLUSIONS: Risk of thyroid cancer probably elevates in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammatory bowel disease (particularly ulcerative colitis) itself and use of immunosuppressant might contribute to the development of the cancer. FAU - Cao, Lihong AU - Cao L AD - Department of Ear-nose-throat, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China. caolihong2012@yeah.net. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Review DEP - 20180910 TA - World J Surg Oncol JT - World journal of surgical oncology JID - 101170544 RN - 0 (Immunosuppressive Agents) SB - IM MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Colitis, Ulcerative/complications/epidemiology/therapy MH - Crohn Disease/complications/epidemiology/therapy MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/complications/*epidemiology/therapy MH - Male MH - Prognosis MH - Risk Assessment MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*epidemiology/etiology PMC - PMC6131907 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Crohn’s disease OT - Immunosuppressant OT - Inflammatory bowel diseases OT - Thyroid neoplasms OT - Ulcerative colitis COIS- ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: All subjects signed the written informed consents and agreed to participate in this case control study. The study was separately approved by the ethics committee of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital and Tianjin Binjiang Hospital. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The author declares that she has no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. EDAT- 2018/09/12 06:00 MHDA- 2019/04/12 06:00 CRDT- 2018/09/12 06:00 PHST- 2018/06/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/09/12 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/09/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/04/12 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1186/s12957-018-1485-4 [pii] AID - 1485 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12957-018-1485-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - World J Surg Oncol. 2018 Sep 10;16(1):182. doi: 10.1186/s12957-018-1485-4. PMID- 30073455 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190409 LR - 20190809 IS - 1559-0100 (Electronic) IS - 1355-008X (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 2 DP - 2018 Nov TI - Efficacy and safety of cooled and uncooled microwave ablation for the treatment of benign thyroid nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PG - 307-317 LID - 10.1007/s12020-018-1693-2 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of microwave ablation (MWA), including cooled MWA (cMWA) and uncooled MWA (uMWA), for the treatment of benign thyroid nodules (BTNs). METHODS: The databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane library were searched up to 3 Jun, 2018. In this meta-analysis, data of volume reduction rates (VRRs) at the 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-up, and complications are obtained to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of cMWA and uMWA for the treatment of BTNs. RESULTS: Nine studies involving 1461 patients with 1845 BTNs were included. The pooled VRR at the 3-month follow-up after MWA therapy reached 54.3% (95% CI: 45.3-63.3%, I(2) = 97.6%), 73.5% (95% CI: 66.7-80.3%, I(2) = 94.9%) at the 6-month follow-up, and 88.6% (95% CI: 84.9-92.4%, I(2) = 92.7%) at the 12-month follow-up. The pooled proportions of overall, major and minor complications were 52.4% (95% CI: 29.8-74.9%; I(2) = 99.5%), 4.8% (95% CI: 2.7-7.0%; I(2) = 55.9%) and 48.3% (95% CI: 31.2-65.4%; I(2) = 99.7%). Both cMWA and uMWA achieved similar pooled VRR at the 3-month follow-up (58.4 vs 45.3%, P = 0.07) and pooled proportion of major complications (4.9 vs 5.0%, P = 0.49), while uMWA had higher pooled proportions of overall and minor complications than cMWA (97.8 vs 29.7%, P < 0.01; 97.8 vs 21.0%, P < 0.01), with more patients suffering pain and skin burn after uMWA (100 vs 5.5%, P < 0.01; 47.2 vs 0.2%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: MWA is an effective treatment modality for BTNs. When considering the patient's comfort, cMWA would be a more preferable procedure with less complications. FAU - Zheng, Bo-Wen AU - Zheng BW AD - Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China. FAU - Wang, Jin-Fen AU - Wang JF AD - Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China. FAU - Ju, Jin-Xiu AU - Ju JX AD - Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China. FAU - Wu, Tao AU - Wu T AD - Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China. FAU - Tong, Ge AU - Tong G AD - Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China. FAU - Ren, Jie AU - Ren J AD - Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China. renjieguangzhou@126.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Review PL - United States TA - Endocrine JT - Endocrine JID - 9434444 SB - IM MH - Combined Modality Therapy MH - Humans MH - Hypothermia, Induced/adverse effects/*methods/statistics & numerical data MH - Microwaves/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Radiofrequency Ablation/adverse effects/*methods/statistics & numerical data MH - Thyroid Nodule/epidemiology/*therapy MH - Treatment Outcome OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Meta-analysis OT - *Microwave OT - *Thyroid nodule EDAT- 2018/08/04 06:00 MHDA- 2019/04/10 06:00 CRDT- 2018/08/04 06:00 PHST- 2018/08/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/04/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/08/04 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s12020-018-1693-2 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12020-018-1693-2 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocrine. 2018 Nov;62(2):307-317. doi: 10.1007/s12020-018-1693-2. PMID- 29992502 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190726 LR - 20200225 IS - 1720-8386 (Electronic) IS - 0391-4097 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 4 DP - 2019 Apr TI - DNA methylation alterations as therapeutic prospects in thyroid cancer. PG - 363-370 LID - 10.1007/s40618-018-0922-0 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Thyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrine malignancies. Although the 10-year survival rate of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is about 90% after conventional treatments, a small proportion of patients still suffer from tumor recurrence or drug resistance. OBJECTIVE: This review article summarizes recent researches and clinical trials related to target drugs that reduce mortality in thyroid cancer. METHODS: This is a review of the recent literature and clinical trials on the three main aspects including methylation genes in thyroid cancers, the relationship between BRAF mutation and gene methylation, target and dehypermethylation drugs in clinical trials. RESULTS: We propose new approaches to treating malignant thyroid cancer, based on advances in understanding the relationship between genetic and epigenetic changes in thyroid cancer. Although the effect of traditional treatment for thyroid cancer is relatively good, a small proportion of patients still suffer from tumor recurrence or drug resistance. Molecular targeted drugs and dehypermethylation drugs have more promising outcomes in aggressive thyroid cancer compared with conventional treatments. CONCLUSION: Based on what was discussed in this review, we suggest that integration of epigenetic and targeted therapies into conventional treatments will reduce the occurrence of refractory radioiodine differentiated thyroid cancer and improve the outcomes in aggressive thyroid cancer patients. FAU - Zhang, K AU - Zhang K AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China. AD - Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University and Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Road #110, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China. FAU - Li, C AU - Li C AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China. AD - Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University and Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Road #110, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Pharmacy, ZhuZhou Central Hospital, ZhuZhou, 410078, People's Republic of China. FAU - Liu, J AU - Liu J AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China. AD - Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University and Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Road #110, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China. FAU - Tang, X AU - Tang X AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China. AD - Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University and Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Road #110, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China. AD - Department of Center for ADR monitoring of Hubei, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China. FAU - Li, Z AU - Li Z AD - Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China. lizhi489@163.com. AD - Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University and Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Road #110, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China. lizhi489@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20180710 PL - Italy TA - J Endocrinol Invest JT - Journal of endocrinological investigation JID - 7806594 MH - *DNA Methylation MH - *Epigenesis, Genetic MH - Humans MH - *Molecular Targeted Therapy MH - Precision Medicine MH - Signal Transduction MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology/*therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - BRAF mutation OT - DNA methylation OT - Personalized therapy OT - Thyroid cancer EDAT- 2018/07/12 06:00 MHDA- 2019/07/28 06:00 CRDT- 2018/07/12 06:00 PHST- 2018/03/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/07/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/07/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/07/12 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s40618-018-0922-0 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40618-018-0922-0 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Endocrinol Invest. 2019 Apr;42(4):363-370. doi: 10.1007/s40618-018-0922-0. Epub 2018 Jul 10. PMID- 29976206 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190508 LR - 20190508 IS - 1477-7819 (Electronic) IS - 1477-7819 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 1 DP - 2018 Jul 5 TI - Review of the possible association between thyroid and breast carcinoma. PG - 130 LID - 10.1186/s12957-018-1436-0 [doi] LID - 130 AB - BACKGROUND: Thyroid and breast cancer are two of the malignant diseases with highest incidence in females. Based on clinical experience, breast and thyroid cancer often occur metachronously or synchronously. Therefore, thyroid and breast cancer might share some common etiological factors. The relationship between these diseases has attracted substantial attention, and because these two glands are both regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, such a relationship is not surprising. A study of this relationship will be useful for obtaining a better understanding of the mechanism by which these two malignancies co-occur. MAIN BODY: This study reviewed the progress in research on the roles of iodine intake, folate metabolism, obesity, gonadal hormones, and thyroid hormone in thyroid and breast cancer. These studies evaluating the etiological roles of these factors in linking breast and thyroid cancer might also improve our understanding and identify new therapeutic approaches, such as sodium/iodide symporter-mediated radioiodine therapy and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antagonists, for breast cancer. In addition, some specific treatments for each cancer, such as radiotherapy for breast cancer or radioactive iodine therapy for thyroid cancer, might be risk factors for secondary malignances, including breast and thyroid cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Studies of the precise relationship between the co-occurrence of breast and thyroid cancer will certainly improve our understanding of the biological behaviors of these two malignancies and direct evidence-based clinical practice. FAU - Dong, Liangbo AU - Dong L AD - Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China. FAU - Lu, Jun AU - Lu J AD - Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhao, Bangbo AU - Zhao B AD - Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wang, Weibin AU - Wang W AD - Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China. wwb_xh@163.com. FAU - Zhao, Yupei AU - Zhao Y AD - Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China. zhao8028@263.net. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20180705 TA - World J Surg Oncol JT - World journal of surgical oncology JID - 101170544 RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) SB - IM MH - *Breast Neoplasms/complications MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use MH - Prognosis MH - Risk Factors MH - *Thyroid Neoplasms/complications/etiology/therapy PMC - PMC6034293 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Breast cancer OT - Gonadal hormone OT - Iodine OT - Obesity OT - Radioactive iodide therapy OT - Sodium iodide symporter OT - Thyroid cancer OT - Thyroid hormone OT - Thyroid hormone receptor COIS- AUTHORS’ INFORMATION: Zhao Yupei, male, is an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, chief surgeon, 18 and 19 central alternate member, vice chairman of the China Association for Science and Technology, deputy director of the Central Health Committee, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, and vice president of the Chinese Medical Association. He has been working in the front-line of clinical work, scientific research and teaching in general surgery. He has won the second prize of national science and technology progress. ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: Not applicable. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. EDAT- 2018/07/07 06:00 MHDA- 2019/05/09 06:00 CRDT- 2018/07/07 06:00 PHST- 2018/03/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/06/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/07/07 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/07/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/05/09 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1186/s12957-018-1436-0 [pii] AID - 1436 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12957-018-1436-0 [doi] PST - epublish SO - World J Surg Oncol. 2018 Jul 5;16(1):130. doi: 10.1186/s12957-018-1436-0. PMID- 29779608 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190821 LR - 20190821 IS - 1578-147X (Electronic) IS - 0009-739X (Linking) VI - 96 IP - 7 DP - 2018 Aug-Sep TI - Current use of molecular profiling for indeterminate thyroid nodules. PG - 395-400 LID - S0009-739X(18)30136-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ciresp.2018.04.007 [doi] AB - Even though cytology remains the gold standard to assess the nature of thyroid nodules, up to 30% of the results are indeterminate (BethesdaIII and IV). In these cases, current guidelines recommend performing diagnostic surgery, which proves malignancy in only 15-30% of cases. A more precise method is needed to avoid unnecessary surgeries, surgical complications and costs in the process of diagnosing indeterminate nodules. Complementary use of molecular profiling tests seems to help in this complex scenario. We present a review of the current literature on the usefulness of molecular profiling of thyroid nodules so as to define its indications, costs and usability for clinical practice. CI - Copyright © 2018 AEC. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved. FAU - López Rojo, Irene AU - López Rojo I AD - Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España. Electronic address: irene.lrojo@quironsalud.es. FAU - Gómez Valdazo, Adela AU - Gómez Valdazo A AD - Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España. FAU - Gómez Ramirez, Joaquín AU - Gómez Ramirez J AD - Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España. LA - eng LA - spa PT - Journal Article PT - Review TT - Utilidad del estudio molecular de nódulos tiroideos con citología indeterminada. DEP - 20180517 PL - Spain TA - Cir Esp JT - Cirugia espanola JID - 1254104 MH - Humans MH - Molecular Diagnostic Techniques MH - Thyroid Nodule/*diagnosis/*genetics/pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Afirma OT - Afirma test OT - Bethesda III OT - Bethesda IV OT - Citología indeterminada OT - Diagnóstico molecular OT - Indeterminate cytology OT - Molecular diagnosis OT - Nódulo tiroideo OT - Thyroid nodule OT - Thyroseq OT - Thyroseq test EDAT- 2018/05/22 06:00 MHDA- 2019/08/23 06:00 CRDT- 2018/05/22 06:00 PHST- 2018/02/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/04/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/04/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/05/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/08/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/05/22 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0009-739X(18)30136-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ciresp.2018.04.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cir Esp. 2018 Aug-Sep;96(7):395-400. doi: 10.1016/j.ciresp.2018.04.007. Epub 2018 May 17. PMID- 29459993 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190821 LR - 20200225 IS - 1432-1963 (Electronic) IS - 0172-8113 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - Suppl 1 DP - 2019 Jun TI - Proposal for an extended pTNM classification of thyroid carcinoma : Commentary on deficits of the 8th edition of the TNM classification. PG - 18-24 LID - 10.1007/s00292-018-0418-x [doi] AB - In the 8th edition of the TNM classification of thyroid carcinomas, which was introduced in 2017, carcinomas with minimal extrathyroidal extension are no longer mentioned, which might cause problems. These tumors were explicitly categorized in previous TNM classifications (5-7th editions). Studies on the prognostic relevance of minimal extrathyroidal extension have shown conflicting results. Moreover, the vast majority of these studies retrospectively analyzed only subgroups of thyroid carcinomas (e.g. differentiated thyroid carcinoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma). The proposed subcategorization of the current TNM classification (8th edition) ensures the continuity of the parameter minimal extrathyroidal extension within the TNM categorization of thyroid carcinomas and also offers the possibility to prospectively analyze in a standardized manner the potential biological relevance of minimal extrathyroidal extension in relation to tumor categories (T/pT category). FAU - Schmid, K W AU - Schmid KW AD - Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany. kw.schmid@uk-essen.de. AD - West German Cancer Centre Essen (WTZ), Essen, Germany. kw.schmid@uk-essen.de. FAU - Synoracki, S AU - Synoracki S AD - Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany. FAU - Dralle, H AU - Dralle H AD - Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. FAU - Wittekind, C AU - Wittekind C AD - Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review TT - Vorschlag zu einer erweiterten pTNM-Klassifikation der Schilddrüsenkarzinome : Kommentar zu Defiziten der 8. Auflage der TNM-Klassifikation. PL - Germany TA - Pathologe JT - Der Pathologe JID - 8006541 MH - Carcinoma/*diagnosis/pathology MH - Humans MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Carcinoma OT - Papillary thyroid cancer OT - Prognosis OT - Thyroid neoplasms OT - Tumor staging EDAT- 2018/02/21 06:00 MHDA- 2019/08/23 06:00 CRDT- 2018/02/21 06:00 PHST- 2018/02/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/08/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/02/21 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s00292-018-0418-x [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00292-018-0418-x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pathologe. 2019 Jun;40(Suppl 1):18-24. doi: 10.1007/s00292-018-0418-x. PMID- 29402557 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180604 LR - 20180604 IS - 1532-2157 (Electronic) IS - 0748-7983 (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 3 DP - 2018 Mar TI - Optimization of the risk-benefit ratio of differentiated thyroid cancer treatment. PG - 276-285 LID - S0748-7983(18)30113-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.01.077 [doi] AB - The vast majority of differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) are characterized by an innocuous nature, excellent patient survival, and limited treatment requirement. However, a significant proportion of affected patients is prone to receiving overtreatment, due to undertreatment concerns associated with the difficulty to differentiate them from a small minority affected by aggressive DTC. Identification of prognostic factors and development of staging systems has helped to reduce the proportion of overtreatment in DTC. However, the absolute number of overtreated patients continues to increase, as a result of an on-going incidence surge in early DTC associated with the increased application and sensitivity of modern diagnostic tools. In the present paper, we describe how DTC treatment can be optimized by thoughtful evidence-based balancing of oncologic safety against treatment associated morbidity. CI - Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Nasef, Hani O AU - Nasef HO AD - Portsmouth Teaching Hospitals, Portsmouth, Hampshire, UK; Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt. FAU - Nixon, Iain J AU - Nixon IJ AD - University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. FAU - Wreesmann, Volkert B AU - Wreesmann VB AD - Portsmouth Teaching Hospitals, Portsmouth, Hampshire, UK. Electronic address: vwreesmann@yahoo.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20180131 PL - England TA - Eur J Surg Oncol JT - European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology JID - 8504356 SB - IM MH - Decision Making MH - Evidence-Based Medicine MH - Humans MH - *Medical Overuse MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Prognosis MH - *Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology/*therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Differentiated thyroid cancers OT - *Treatment de-escalation EDAT- 2018/02/07 06:00 MHDA- 2018/06/05 06:00 CRDT- 2018/02/07 06:00 PHST- 2018/01/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/01/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/02/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/06/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/02/07 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0748-7983(18)30113-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.01.077 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Surg Oncol. 2018 Mar;44(3):276-285. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.01.077. Epub 2018 Jan 31. PMID- 29234677 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180727 LR - 20181113 IS - 2314-6141 (Electronic) IS - 2314-6133 (Print) VI - 2017 DP - 2017 TI - Metabolic Alterations of Thyroid Cancer as Potential Therapeutic Targets. PG - 2545031 LID - 10.1155/2017/2545031 [doi] LID - 2545031 AB - Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most frequent endocrine tumor with a growing incidence worldwide. Besides the improvement of diagnosis, TC increasing incidence is probably due to environmental factors and lifestyle modifications. The actual diagnostic criteria for TC classification are based on fine needle biopsy (FNAB) and histological examination following thyroidectomy. Since in some cases it is not possible to make a proper diagnosis, classical approach needs to be supported by additional biomarkers. Recently, new emphasis has been given to the altered cellular metabolism of proliferating cancer cells which require high amount of glucose for energy production and macromolecules biosynthesis. Also TC displays alteration of energy metabolism orchestrated by oncogenes activation and tumor suppressors inactivation leading to abnormal proliferation. Furthermore, TC shows significant metabolic heterogeneity within the tumor microenvironment and metabolic coupling between cancer and stromal cells. In this review we focus on the current knowledge of metabolic alterations of TC and speculate that targeting TC metabolism may improve current therapeutic protocols for poorly differentiated TC. Future studies will further deepen the actual understandings of the metabolic phenotype of TC cells and will give the chance to provide novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in tumors with a more aggressive behavior. FAU - Ciavardelli, Domenico AU - Ciavardelli D AD - School of Human and Social Science, University "Kore" of Enna, Enna, Italy. AD - Centro Scienze dell'Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-Met), Chieti, Italy. FAU - Bellomo, Maria AU - Bellomo M AD - School of Human and Social Science, University "Kore" of Enna, Enna, Italy. FAU - Consalvo, Ada AU - Consalvo A AD - Centro Scienze dell'Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-Met), Chieti, Italy. FAU - Crescimanno, Caterina AU - Crescimanno C AD - School of Human and Social Science, University "Kore" of Enna, Enna, Italy. FAU - Vella, Veronica AU - Vella V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4968-8550 AD - School of Human and Social Science, University "Kore" of Enna, Enna, Italy. AD - Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20171106 TA - Biomed Res Int JT - BioMed research international JID - 101600173 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) RN - 0 (Tumor Suppressor Proteins) SB - IM MH - Biomarkers, Tumor/*genetics/metabolism MH - Biopsy, Fine-Needle MH - Cell Proliferation/*genetics MH - Energy Metabolism/*genetics MH - Humans MH - Oncogenes/genetics MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism/pathology MH - Thyroidectomy MH - Tumor Microenvironment/genetics MH - Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics PMC - PMC5694990 EDAT- 2017/12/14 06:00 MHDA- 2018/07/28 06:00 CRDT- 2017/12/14 06:00 PHST- 2017/05/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/10/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/12/14 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/12/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/07/28 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1155/2017/2545031 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:2545031. doi: 10.1155/2017/2545031. Epub 2017 Nov 6. PMID- 29209896 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190130 LR - 20190130 IS - 1868-8500 (Electronic) IS - 1868-8497 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 1 DP - 2018 Feb TI - BRAF-Oncogene-Induced Senescence and the Role of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Signaling in the Progression of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. PG - 1-11 LID - 10.1007/s12672-017-0315-4 [doi] AB - Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) explains the phenomenon of cellular senescence triggered by the action of oncogenes. It is a mechanism adopted by a cell to inhibit progression of benign tumors into malignancy, occurs in premalignant lesions, and is almost never present in malignant lesions. BRAF mutations occur in about 40-45% of all papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) and of which 99.7% is the BRAFV600E mutation. A unique phenotype of the BRAFV600E mutation is the upregulation of the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) on thyrocyte membranes. Despite the overexpression of the receptor, BRAFV600E cells undergo cell cycle arrest leading to OIS via a negative feedback signaling mechanism. A simultaneous increase in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in response to hypothyroidism (common in autoimmune diseases such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis) would cause senescent tumor cells to overcome OIS and proceed towards malignancy, hence showing the importance of TSH/TSHR signaling in the development of PTCs. Increase in TSH/TSHR signaling triggers an increase in levels of downstream enzymes such as manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and dual-specific phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) which eventually results in the production of oncogenic proteins such as c-Myc. Therefore, the detection of these genetic alterations as effective biomarkers for premalignant lesions of PTC is important in clinical settings and techniques such as polymerase chain reaction-mediated restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and real-time PCR can be used to detect the BRAFV600E point mutation and overexpression of TSHR, MnSOD, and DUSP6, respectively. FAU - Moulana, F I AU - Moulana FI AD - The Biochemistry and Molecular Biology unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka. FAU - Priyani, A A H AU - Priyani AAH AD - Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka. FAU - de Silva, M V C AU - de Silva MVC AD - Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka. FAU - Dassanayake, R S AU - Dassanayake RS AD - The Biochemistry and Molecular Biology unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka. rsdassanayake@chem.cmb.ac.lk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20171205 PL - United States TA - Horm Cancer JT - Hormones & cancer JID - 101518427 RN - 0 (MYC protein, human) RN - 0 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc) RN - 0 (Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled) RN - 9002-71-5 (Thyrotropin) RN - EC 1.15.1.1 (Superoxide Dismutase) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (BRAF protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf) RN - EC 3.1.3.48 (DUSP6 protein, human) RN - EC 3.1.3.48 (Dual Specificity Phosphatase 6) SB - IM MH - Cellular Senescence/*genetics MH - Disease Progression MH - Dual Specificity Phosphatase 6/*genetics MH - Humans MH - Mutation MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/*genetics MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics MH - Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics MH - Signal Transduction/genetics MH - Superoxide Dismutase/genetics MH - Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/*genetics/pathology MH - Thyrotropin/*genetics EDAT- 2017/12/07 06:00 MHDA- 2019/01/31 06:00 CRDT- 2017/12/07 06:00 PHST- 2017/10/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/11/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/12/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/01/31 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/12/07 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s12672-017-0315-4 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12672-017-0315-4 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Horm Cancer. 2018 Feb;9(1):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s12672-017-0315-4. Epub 2017 Dec 5. PMID- 29169931 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180604 LR - 20180604 IS - 1532-2157 (Electronic) IS - 0748-7983 (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 3 DP - 2018 Mar TI - Aggressive differentiated thyroid cancer. PG - 367-377 LID - S0748-7983(17)30709-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejso.2017.09.019 [doi] AB - Differentiated thyroid cancer is characteristically associated with an innocuous clinical course, but a minority of cases may manifest surprisingly aggressive behaviour. Such aggressive DTC are directly responsible for the majority of thyroid cancer related deaths. Moreover, they contribute indirectly to increased DTC-related morbidity, because our inability to differentiate these tumours from innocuous DTC at an early stage fuels a significant degree of DTC overtreatment around the globe. In the present paper we describe how improved understanding of the clinicopathological thyroid tumour progression model and optimization of clinical staging systems continues to improve our ability to diagnose and treat aggressive DTC. Early recognition of aggressive DTC allows instillation of an aggressive management strategy which is based upon surgical-oncologic completeness, and minimization of treatment-related sequelae through continued development of reconstructive options and focussed delivery of adjuvant treatments. CI - Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd, BASO ~ The Association for Cancer Surgery, and the European Society of Surgical Oncology. All rights reserved. FAU - Janjua, Noor AU - Janjua N AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Portsmouth Hospitals Trust, Portsmouth, Hampshire, UK. Electronic address: nj238cam@gmail.com. FAU - Wreesmann, Volkert B AU - Wreesmann VB AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Portsmouth Hospitals Trust, Portsmouth, Hampshire, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20171006 PL - England TA - Eur J Surg Oncol JT - European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology JID - 8504356 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) SB - IM MH - Biomarkers, Tumor/blood MH - Decision Making MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - Lymphatic Metastasis MH - Neoplasm Invasiveness MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Prognosis MH - Risk Factors MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging/*pathology/therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Differentiated thyroid cancer EDAT- 2017/11/25 06:00 MHDA- 2018/06/05 06:00 CRDT- 2017/11/25 06:00 PHST- 2017/09/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/09/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/11/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/06/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/11/25 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0748-7983(17)30709-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejso.2017.09.019 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Surg Oncol. 2018 Mar;44(3):367-377. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2017.09.019. Epub 2017 Oct 6. PMID- 29102432 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190325 LR - 20190325 IS - 2213-8595 (Electronic) IS - 2213-8587 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 6 DP - 2018 Jun TI - Follicular thyroid cancer and Hürthle cell carcinoma: challenges in diagnosis, treatment, and clinical management. PG - 500-514 LID - S2213-8587(17)30325-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30325-X [doi] AB - Follicular thyroid cancer is the second most common differentiated thyroid cancer histological type and has been overshadowed by its more common counterpart-papillary thyroid cancer-despite its unique biological behaviour and less favourable outcomes. In this Review, we comprehensively review the literature on follicular thyroid cancer to provide an evidence-based guide to the management of these tumours, to highlight the lack of evidence behind guideline recommendations, and to identify changes and challenges over the past decades in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. We highlight that correct identification of cancer in indeterminate cytological samples is challenging and ultrasonographic features can be misleading. Despite certain unique aspects of follicular thyroid cancer presentation and prognosis, no specific recommendations exist for follicular thyroid cancer and Hürthle cell carcinoma in evidence-based guidelines. Efforts should be made to stimulate additional research in this field. CI - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Grani, Giorgio AU - Grani G AD - Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, University of Rome, Sapienza, Rome, Italy. FAU - Lamartina, Livia AU - Lamartina L AD - Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, University of Rome, Sapienza, Rome, Italy. FAU - Durante, Cosimo AU - Durante C AD - Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, University of Rome, Sapienza, Rome, Italy. FAU - Filetti, Sebastiano AU - Filetti S AD - Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, University of Rome, Sapienza, Rome, Italy. FAU - Cooper, David S AU - Cooper DS AD - Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: dscooper@jhmi.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20171105 PL - England TA - Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol JT - The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology JID - 101618821 RN - Thyroid cancer, Hurthle cell SB - IM MH - Adenoma, Oxyphilic/epidemiology/pathology/*therapy MH - Carcinoma/epidemiology/pathology/*therapy MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Neoplastic Processes MH - Prognosis MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/epidemiology/pathology/*therapy EDAT- 2017/11/06 06:00 MHDA- 2019/03/26 06:00 CRDT- 2017/11/06 06:00 PHST- 2017/07/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/09/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/09/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/11/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/03/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/11/06 06:00 [entrez] AID - S2213-8587(17)30325-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30325-X [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2018 Jun;6(6):500-514. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30325-X. Epub 2017 Nov 5. PMID- 29083981 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190408 LR - 20190408 IS - 1553-4014 (Electronic) IS - 1553-4006 (Linking) VI - 13 DP - 2018 Jan 24 TI - Genomic Hallmarks of Thyroid Neoplasia. PG - 141-162 LID - 10.1146/annurev-pathol-121808-102139 [doi] AB - The genomic landscape of thyroid cancers that are derived from follicular cells has been substantially elucidated through the coordinated application of high-throughput genomic technologies. Here, I review the common genetic alterations across the spectrum of thyroid neoplasia and present the resulting model of thyroid cancer initiation and progression. This model illustrates the striking correlation between tumor differentiation and overall somatic mutational burden, which also likely explains the highly variable clinical behavior and outcome of patients with thyroid cancers. These advances are yielding critical insights into thyroid cancer pathogenesis, which are being leveraged for the development of new diagnostic tools, prognostic and predictive biomarkers, and novel therapeutic approaches. FAU - Giordano, Thomas J AU - Giordano TJ AD - Departments of Pathology and Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA; email: giordano@umich.edu. LA - eng GR - P30 CA046592/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Review DEP - 20171030 PL - United States TA - Annu Rev Pathol JT - Annual review of pathology JID - 101275111 SB - IM MH - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*genetics MH - Genomics MH - Humans MH - Mutation MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics OTO - NOTNLM OT - *anaplastic carcinoma OT - *cancer genome OT - *follicular carcinoma OT - *mutation OT - *papillary carcinoma OT - *thyroid cancer EDAT- 2017/10/31 06:00 MHDA- 2019/04/09 06:00 CRDT- 2017/10/31 06:00 PHST- 2017/10/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/04/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/10/31 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1146/annurev-pathol-121808-102139 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Annu Rev Pathol. 2018 Jan 24;13:141-162. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-121808-102139. Epub 2017 Oct 30. PMID- 28762013 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180822 LR - 20181113 IS - 1720-8386 (Electronic) IS - 0391-4097 (Linking) VI - 41 IP - 3 DP - 2018 Mar TI - The role of microRNAs in different types of thyroid carcinoma: a comprehensive analysis to find new miRNA supplementary therapies. PG - 269-283 LID - 10.1007/s40618-017-0735-6 [doi] AB - The most common endocrine malignancy is thyroid cancer, and researchers have made a great deal of progress in deciphering its molecular mechanisms in the recent years. Many of molecular changes observed in thyroid cancer can be used as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic targets for treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important parts in biological and metabolic pathways such as regulation of developmental stages, signal transduction, cell maintenance, and differentiation. Therefore, their dysregulation can expose individuals to malignancies. It has been proved that miRNA expression is dysregulated in different types of tumors, like thyroid cancers, and can be the cause of tumor initiation and progression. In this paper, we have reviewed the available data on miRNA dysregulation in different thyroid tumors including papillary, follicular, anaplastic, and medullary thyroid carcinomas aiming to introduce the last updates in miRNAs-thyroid cancer relation. FAU - Pishkari, S AU - Pishkari S AD - Department of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Paryan, M AU - Paryan M AD - Department of Research and Development, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Hashemi, M AU - Hashemi M AD - Department of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Baldini, E AU - Baldini E AD - Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome, Rome, Italy. baldinienke@virgilio.it. FAU - Mohammadi-Yeganeh, S AU - Mohammadi-Yeganeh S AD - Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. s.mohammadiyeganeh@sbmu.ac.ir. AD - Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. s.mohammadiyeganeh@sbmu.ac.ir. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170731 PL - Italy TA - J Endocrinol Invest JT - Journal of endocrinological investigation JID - 7806594 RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) SB - IM MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic MH - Humans MH - MicroRNAs/*genetics/*therapeutic use MH - Prognosis MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/*therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma OT - Follicular thyroid carcinoma OT - Medullary thyroid carcinoma OT - Papillary thyroid carcinoma OT - microRNA EDAT- 2017/08/02 06:00 MHDA- 2018/08/23 06:00 CRDT- 2017/08/02 06:00 PHST- 2017/06/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/07/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/08/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/08/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/08/02 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s40618-017-0735-6 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s40618-017-0735-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Endocrinol Invest. 2018 Mar;41(3):269-283. doi: 10.1007/s40618-017-0735-6. Epub 2017 Jul 31. PMID- 28711609 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190308 LR - 20190308 IS - 1872-8057 (Electronic) IS - 0303-7207 (Linking) VI - 469 DP - 2018 Jul 5 TI - The epigenetic landscape of differentiated thyroid cancer. PG - 3-10 LID - S0303-7207(17)30366-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.mce.2017.07.012 [doi] AB - Differentiated thyroid carcinoma of follicular cell-derivation is the most common endocrine neoplasm with a rapidly increasing incidence. The majority represent papillary carcinomas; more rarely, they are follicular carcinomas. The vast majority have indolent behavior, however a significant proportion progress to develop lymph node metastases and a smaller proportion disseminate systemically. While common and frequent genetic events have been described to underlie the development of these neoplasms, the factors contributing to differing behaviors among tumors with similar genetic alterations remain unclear. This review focuses on epigenetic mechanisms targeting major signaling pathways that underlie the spectrum of biological behaviors and that may have potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic value. CI - Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Asa, Sylvia L AU - Asa SL AD - Department of Pathology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: sylvia.asa@uhn.ca. FAU - Ezzat, Shereen AU - Ezzat S AD - Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170712 PL - Ireland TA - Mol Cell Endocrinol JT - Molecular and cellular endocrinology JID - 7500844 RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) SB - IM MH - Cell Differentiation/*genetics MH - DNA Methylation/genetics MH - *Epigenesis, Genetic MH - Humans MH - MicroRNAs/genetics/metabolism MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/*pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Biomarkers OT - *Epigenetics OT - *Follicular thyroid carcinoma OT - *Papillary thyroid carcinoma OT - *Thyroid tumors EDAT- 2017/07/18 06:00 MHDA- 2019/03/09 06:00 CRDT- 2017/07/17 06:00 PHST- 2017/03/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/06/27 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/07/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/07/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/03/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/07/17 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0303-7207(17)30366-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.mce.2017.07.012 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2018 Jul 5;469:3-10. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.07.012. Epub 2017 Jul 12. PMID- 28658345 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171016 LR - 20171016 IS - 2359-4292 (Electronic) IS - 2359-3997 (Linking) VI - 61 IP - 4 DP - 2017 Jul-Aug TI - Medullary thyroid carcinoma - Adverse events during systemic treatment: risk-benefit ratio. PG - 398-402 LID - 10.1590/2359-3997000000267 [doi] AB - Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor originating from parafollicular C cells of the thyroid and associated with mutations in the proto-oncogene REarranged during Transfection (RET). The prognosis of MTC depends on clinical stage, with a 95.6% 10-year survival rate among patients with localized disease and 40% among patients with advanced disease. Standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy have no significant impact on the overall survival of these patients and two tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors (TKIs), vandetanib and cabozantinib, have been recently approved for the systemic treatment of locally advanced or metastatic MTC. However, since patients with MTC and residual or recurrent disease may have an indolent course with no need for systemic treatment, and since these drugs are highly toxic, it is extremely important to select the patients who will receive these drugs in a correct manner. It is also essential to carefully monitor patients using TKI regarding possible adverse effects, which should be properly managed when occurring. FAU - Maciel, Léa Maria Zanini AU - Maciel LMZ AD - Divisão de Endocrinologia, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil. FAU - Magalhães, Patrícia Künzle Ribeiro AU - Magalhães PKR AD - Divisão de Endocrinologia, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170626 PL - Brazil TA - Arch Endocrinol Metab JT - Archives of endocrinology and metabolism JID - 101652058 RN - 0 (Anilides) RN - 0 (Piperidines) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Pyridines) RN - 0 (Quinazolines) RN - 1C39JW444G (cabozantinib) RN - YO460OQ37K (N-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-7-((1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)methoxy)quinazolin-4-amine) RN - Thyroid cancer, medullary SB - IM MH - Anilides/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/*drug therapy/metabolism MH - Humans MH - Piperidines/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Pyridines/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Quinazolines/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Risk Assessment MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/metabolism EDAT- 2017/06/29 06:00 MHDA- 2017/10/17 06:00 CRDT- 2017/06/29 06:00 PHST- 2016/07/02 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/12/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/06/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/10/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/06/29 06:00 [entrez] AID - S2359-39972017005004103 [pii] AID - 10.1590/2359-3997000000267 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Jul-Aug;61(4):398-402. doi: 10.1590/2359-3997000000267. Epub 2017 Jun 26. PMID- 28639967 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180425 LR - 20190221 IS - 1752-2978 (Electronic) IS - 1752-296X (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 5 DP - 2017 Oct TI - RAS-positive thyroid nodules. PG - 372-376 LID - 10.1097/MED.0000000000000354 [doi] AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The current review focuses on the uncertainty regarding the management of rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog RAS-positive thyroid nodules. The application of oncogene testing has been heralded for improving risk assessment for indeterminate cytology thyroid nodules and has grown in clinical use. RAS mutations are historically considered oncogenic. However, RAS mutation detection in thyroid nodules has proven problematic, as these mutations are found in benign and malignant lesions. RECENT FINDINGS: RAS-positive thyroid nodules frequently have indeterminate cytology and a finding of a positive RAS mutation identifies a significant number of benign lesions as well as thyroid cancers. Long-term follow-up of RAS-positive nodules with benign cytology shows an indolent course not consistent with eventual malignant transformation. Many RAS-positive nodules previously diagnosed as follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma now will be reclassified as noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features, indicating a more indolent nature of these RAS-positive lesions. SUMMARY: Recent findings have underscored that diagnosis of a RAS-positive thyroid nodule is not synonymous with thyroid malignancy. The ideal clinical and surgical management of these nodules remains challenging. FAU - Angell, Trevor E AU - Angell TE AD - Thyroid Section, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, The Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes JT - Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity JID - 101308636 RN - EC 3.6.5.2 (Oncogene Protein p21(ras)) SB - IM MH - Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/pathology MH - Biopsy, Fine-Needle MH - Carcinoma, Papillary/genetics/pathology MH - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics/pathology MH - Female MH - Genes, ras/*genetics MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Mutation MH - Neoplasm Invasiveness/pathology MH - Oncogene Protein p21(ras)/analysis/genetics MH - Prognosis MH - Thyroid Cancer, Papillary MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics/pathology MH - Thyroid Nodule/chemistry/*genetics/pathology EDAT- 2017/06/24 06:00 MHDA- 2018/04/26 06:00 CRDT- 2017/06/23 06:00 PHST- 2017/06/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/04/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/06/23 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1097/MED.0000000000000354 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2017 Oct;24(5):372-376. doi: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000354. PMID- 28545679 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180604 LR - 20180604 IS - 1532-2157 (Electronic) IS - 0748-7983 (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 3 DP - 2018 Mar TI - Selective use of radioactive iodine (RAI) in thyroid cancer: No longer "one size fits all". PG - 348-356 LID - S0748-7983(17)30444-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejso.2017.04.002 [doi] AB - A remarkable, evidence-based trend toward de-escalation has reformed the practice of radioactive iodine (RAI) administration for thyroid cancer patients. Updated guidelines have supported both decreased RAI doses for select populations, as well as expanded definitions of low-risk and intermediate-risk patients that may not require RAI. Correspondingly, there is now increased flexibility for hemithyroidectomy without need for RAI, and relaxed TSH suppression targets for low-risk thyroidectomy patients. Clinical judgment remains indispensable where multiple risk factors co-exist that individually are not indications for RAI. This is especially salient in intermediate-risk patients with a less than excellent response to therapy, determined through thyroglobulin and ultrasound surveillance. Such judgment, however, may lead to patterns of inappropriate RAI practices or overuse with little benefit to the patient and unnecessary harm. A multidisciplinary, risk-adapted approach is ever more important and obliges the surgeon to understand the likelihood that their patients will receive RAI. The risks and benefits of RAI, its evolved role in contemporary guidelines, and current patterns of use among endocrinologists are reviewed, as well as the practical implications for thyroid surgeons. CI - Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd, BASO ~ The Association for Cancer Surgery, and the European Society of Surgical Oncology. All rights reserved. FAU - Marti, J L AU - Marti JL AD - Department of Surgery, New York Presbyterian/Lower Manhattan Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, 156 William Street, 12th Floor New York, NY 10038, USA. FAU - Morris, L G T AU - Morris LGT AD - Head and Neck Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue New York, NY 10065, USA. FAU - Ho, A S AU - Ho AS AD - Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8635 West 3rd Street, Suite 590W, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. Electronic address: allen.ho@cshs.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170503 PL - England TA - Eur J Surg Oncol JT - European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology JID - 8504356 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) SB - IM CIN - Eur J Surg Oncol. 2019 Apr;45(4):713-714. PMID: 30224249 CIN - Eur J Surg Oncol. 2019 Apr;45(4):711-712. PMID: 30243466 CIN - Eur J Surg Oncol. 2019 Sep;45(9):1750-1751. PMID: 30709553 MH - Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis MH - Combined Modality Therapy MH - Decision Making MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/*therapeutic use MH - Patient Selection MH - Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*radiotherapy/surgery MH - Thyroidectomy/methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - *ATA Guidelines OT - *De-escalation OT - *Radioactive iodine OT - *Thyroid cancer OT - *Thyroidectomy EDAT- 2017/05/27 06:00 MHDA- 2018/06/05 06:00 CRDT- 2017/05/27 06:00 PHST- 2017/01/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/04/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/04/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/05/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/06/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/05/27 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0748-7983(17)30444-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejso.2017.04.002 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Surg Oncol. 2018 Mar;44(3):348-356. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2017.04.002. Epub 2017 May 3. PMID- 28506408 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180104 LR - 20181202 IS - 1743-9159 (Electronic) IS - 1743-9159 (Linking) VI - 41 Suppl 1 DP - 2017 May TI - Genetics of medullary thyroid cancer: An overview. PG - S2-S6 LID - S1743-9191(17)30189-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.02.064 [doi] AB - Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) represents 3-5% of thyroid cancers. 75% is sporadic and 25% is the dominant component of the hereditary multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2 syndromes. Three different subtypes of MEN2, such as MEN2A, MEN2B, and Familial MTC (FMTC) have been defined, based on presence or absence of hyperparathyroidism, pheocromocytoma and characteristic clinical features. Mutations of the RET proto-oncogene are implicated in the pathogenesis of MTC, but there are many other mutational patterns involved. In MEN2A, Codon 634 in exon 11 (Cys634Arg), corresponding to a cysteine in the extracellular cysteine-rich domain, is the most commonly altered codon. Many other mutations include codons 611, 618, 620. In the genetical testing of RET mutations in MTCs, Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) is taking an increasingly important role. One of the most important benefit is the comprehensive analysis of molecular alterations in MTC, which allows rapidly to select patients with different risk levels. There is a difference in miRNA expression pathway between sporadic and hereditary MTCs. Among sporadic cases, expression of miR-127 was significantly lower in those who harbor somatic RET mutations than those with wild-type RET. CDKN1B mutations are associated with many clinical pictures of cancers, such as MEN4. V109G polymorphism is associated with sporadic MTCs negative for RET mutations, and might influence the clinical course of the patients affected by MTC. Although surgery (i.e. total thyroidectomy with neck lymph node dissection) is the elective treatment for MTCs, about 80% of patients have distant metastases at diagnosis and in this cases surgery is not enough and an additional treatment is needed. Interesting results come from two large phase III clinical trials with two targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), vandetanib and cabozantinib. CONCLUSIONS: New genetical testings and therapeutical approaches open new perspectives in MTC management. CI - Copyright © 2017 IJS Publishing Group Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Accardo, Giacomo AU - Accardo G AD - Department of Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatric Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. FAU - Conzo, Giovanni AU - Conzo G AD - Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine "F. Magrassi", School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Italy. FAU - Esposito, Daniela AU - Esposito D AD - Department of Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatric Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. FAU - Gambardella, Claudio AU - Gambardella C AD - Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine "F. Magrassi", School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Italy. FAU - Mazzella, Marco AU - Mazzella M AD - Department of Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatric Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. FAU - Castaldo, Filomena AU - Castaldo F AD - Department of Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatric Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. FAU - Di Donna, Carlo AU - Di Donna C AD - Department of Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatric Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. FAU - Polistena, Andrea AU - Polistena A AD - Medical School, General Surgery and Surgical Specialties Unit, S. Maria University Hospital University of Perugia, Terni, Italy. FAU - Avenia, Nicola AU - Avenia N AD - Medical School, General Surgery and Surgical Specialties Unit, S. Maria University Hospital University of Perugia, Terni, Italy. FAU - Colantuoni, Vittorio AU - Colantuoni V AD - CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy; Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy. FAU - Giugliano, Dario AU - Giugliano D AD - Department of Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatric Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. FAU - Pasquali, Daniela AU - Pasquali D AD - Department of Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatric Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: daniela.pasquali@unina2.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Int J Surg JT - International journal of surgery (London, England) JID - 101228232 RN - 0 (Anilides) RN - 0 (Codon) RN - 0 (Piperidines) RN - 0 (Pyridines) RN - 0 (Quinazolines) RN - 1C39JW444G (cabozantinib) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret) RN - YO460OQ37K (N-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-7-((1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)methoxy)quinazolin-4-amine) RN - Familial medullary thyroid carcinoma SB - IM MH - Anilides/therapeutic use MH - Carcinoma, Medullary/*congenital/drug therapy/genetics/surgery MH - Codon/genetics MH - Exons/genetics MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a/complications/drug therapy/*genetics/surgery MH - Mutation MH - Piperidines/therapeutic use MH - Polymorphism, Genetic MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret/genetics MH - Pyridines/therapeutic use MH - Quinazolines/therapeutic use MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/drug therapy/*genetics/surgery MH - Thyroidectomy EDAT- 2017/05/17 06:00 MHDA- 2018/01/05 06:00 CRDT- 2017/05/17 06:00 PHST- 2016/12/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/02/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/02/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/05/17 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/05/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/01/05 06:00 [medline] AID - S1743-9191(17)30189-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.02.064 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Surg. 2017 May;41 Suppl 1:S2-S6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.02.064. PMID- 28476228 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180504 LR - 20181202 IS - 1558-4410 (Electronic) IS - 0889-8529 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 2 DP - 2017 Jun TI - Molecular Genetics of Thyroid Cancer in Children and Adolescents. PG - 389-403 LID - S0889-8529(17)30014-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2017.01.014 [doi] AB - There has been a steady incorporation of powerful new molecular tools into the evaluation and management of thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer. With an increasing incidence of nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) being diagnosed in children and adolescents, oncogene data are providing insight into the clinical differences between pediatric and adult patients with histologically similar DTC. However, additional investment and efforts are needed to define the genomic landscape for pediatric DTC with the goal of improving preoperative diagnostic accuracy as well as stratifying treatment in an effort to reduce complications of therapy. CI - Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Bauer, Andrew J AU - Bauer AJ AD - Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Thyroid Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: bauera@chop.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170223 PL - United States TA - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am JT - Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America JID - 8800104 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Child MH - Humans MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics MH - Thyroid Nodule/*genetics OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Gene fusion OT - *Indeterminate cytology OT - *Molecular markers OT - *Mutation OT - *Oncogene OT - *Thyroid cancer EDAT- 2017/05/10 06:00 MHDA- 2018/05/05 06:00 CRDT- 2017/05/07 06:00 PHST- 2017/05/07 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/05/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/05/05 06:00 [medline] AID - S0889-8529(17)30014-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ecl.2017.01.014 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2017 Jun;46(2):389-403. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2017.01.014. Epub 2017 Feb 23. PMID- 28455835 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180427 LR - 20181113 IS - 2038-3312 (Electronic) IS - 2038-131X (Linking) VI - 69 IP - 2 DP - 2017 Jun TI - Surgical approaches in hereditary endocrine tumors. PG - 181-191 LID - 10.1007/s13304-017-0451-y [doi] AB - Endocrine tumors of thyroid, adrenal and parathyroid glands may be due to germline and inheritable mutations in 5-30% of patients. Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Paraganglioma, and Familial Primary Hyperparathyroidism are the most frequent entity. Hereditary endocrine tumors usually have a suggestive familial history; they occur earlier than sporadic variants, are multifocal, and have increased recurrence rates. They may be present as isolated variant or associated to other neoplasms in a syndromic setting. Genetic diagnosis should be preferably available before surgery because specific and targeted operative management are needed to achieve the best chance of cure. This review was aimed to discuss the surgical approaches for some of the most frequent hereditary endocrine tumors of thyroid, adrenal and parathyroid glands, focusing on medullary thyroid carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Paraganglioma and hereditary primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). Hereditary Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma is caused by RET mutations, and may be associated to Pheochromocytomas in MEN 2 setting. Total thyroidectomy and at least central neck nodal dissection is required. The availability of genetic screening allows prophylactic or early surgery in asymptomatic patients, with subsequent definitive cure. Hereditary Pheochromocytomas may be present in several syndromes (MEN 2, VHL, NF1, Paraganglioma/Pheochromocytoma syndrome); it may involve both adrenals; in these cases, a cortical sparing adrenalectomy should be performed to avoid permanent hypocorticosurrenalism. Hereditary Primary Hyperparathyroidism may frequently occur associated to MEN 1, MEN 2A, MEN 4, Hyperparathyroidism-Jaw Tumor Syndrome; it may involve all the parathyroid glands, requiring subtotal parathyroidectomy or total parathyroidectomy plus autotransplantation. In some cases, a selective parathyroidectomy might be performed. FAU - Iacobone, Maurizio AU - Iacobone M AD - Minimally Invasive Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy. maurizio.iacobone@unipd.it. FAU - Citton, Marilisa AU - Citton M AD - Minimally Invasive Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy. FAU - Viel, Giovanni AU - Viel G AD - Minimally Invasive Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy. FAU - Schiavone, Donatella AU - Schiavone D AD - Minimally Invasive Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy. FAU - Torresan, Francesca AU - Torresan F AD - Minimally Invasive Endocrine Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170428 PL - Italy TA - Updates Surg JT - Updates in surgery JID - 101539818 SB - IM MH - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/*genetics/*surgery MH - Adrenalectomy/*methods MH - *Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Genetic Testing MH - Humans MH - Lymph Node Excision MH - Lymphatic Metastasis MH - Mutation MH - Parathyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/*surgery MH - Parathyroidectomy/*methods MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/*surgery MH - Thyroidectomy/*methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Hereditary tumors OT - Medullary thyroid carcinoma OT - Paraganglioma OT - Pheochromocytoma OT - Primary hyperparathyroidism EDAT- 2017/04/30 06:00 MHDA- 2018/04/28 06:00 CRDT- 2017/04/30 06:00 PHST- 2016/11/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/04/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/04/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/04/30 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s13304-017-0451-y [pii] AID - 10.1007/s13304-017-0451-y [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Updates Surg. 2017 Jun;69(2):181-191. doi: 10.1007/s13304-017-0451-y. Epub 2017 Apr 28. PMID- 28448992 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180220 LR - 20180220 IS - 2296-5262 (Electronic) IS - 2296-5270 (Linking) VI - 40 IP - 5 DP - 2017 TI - Bethesda Made It Clearer: A Review of 542 Patients in a Single Institution. PG - 277-280 LID - 10.1159/000460298 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: It is essential to interpret fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) material correctly to create a common language among pathologists and surgeons, leading to a uniform approach to thyroid nodule management. We aimed to compare FNAB reports of patients at our institution who were treated with total thyroidectomy, before and after the Bethesda classification system. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for thyroid nodules are reviewed. 226 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy before the Bethesda era (2006-2009) were classified as Group-I, and 316 patients in whom total thyroidectomy was performed after the Bethesda classification system was introduced (2010-2014) were classified as Group-II. RESULTS: Before Bethesda, 'nondiagnostic' or 'benign' lesions were reported in 16.4 and 45% of patients, respectively, which then significantly decreased to 4.7 and 32.9% as the Bethesda classification criteria came into use. In Group-II, the actual malignancy rates were 13.3, 2.8, 7.3, 15.5, 85.4, and 96.5% for Bethesda I, II, III, IV, V, and VI, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our experience confirms that the Bethesda classification system leads to a significant reduction in lesions that used to be reported as 'benign' without compromising the actual rates of malignancy. It ensures better classification of so-called suspicious lesions, and allows for more accurate predictions of suspicious or malignant lesions. CI - © 2017 S. Karger GmbH, Freiburg. FAU - Acar, Yunus AU - Acar Y FAU - Doğan, Lütfi AU - Doğan L FAU - Güven, H Erhan AU - Güven HE FAU - Aksel, Bülent AU - Aksel B FAU - Karaman, Niyazi AU - Karaman N FAU - Özaslan, Cihangir AU - Özaslan C FAU - Gülçelik, M Ali AU - Gülçelik MA LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170321 PL - Netherlands TA - Oncol Res Treat JT - Oncology research and treatment JID - 101627692 SB - IM MH - Biopsy, Fine-Needle/*standards/*statistics & numerical data MH - Diagnosis, Differential MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Staging/*standards MH - Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - Prevalence MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Risk Factors MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Thyroid Nodule/*epidemiology/*pathology/surgery MH - Thyroidectomy/statistics & numerical data MH - Turkey/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bethesda OT - Fine needle aspiration biopsy OT - Thyroid cancer OT - Total thyroidectomy EDAT- 2017/04/28 06:00 MHDA- 2018/02/21 06:00 CRDT- 2017/04/28 06:00 PHST- 2016/11/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/02/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/04/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/02/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/04/28 06:00 [entrez] AID - 000460298 [pii] AID - 10.1159/000460298 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Oncol Res Treat. 2017;40(5):277-280. doi: 10.1159/000460298. Epub 2017 Mar 21. PMID- 28438293 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180326 LR - 20180531 IS - 1879-0593 (Electronic) IS - 1368-8375 (Linking) VI - 68 DP - 2017 May TI - Extrathyroidal extension-what does it mean. PG - 50-52 LID - S1368-8375(17)30061-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.03.008 [doi] AB - Prognostic factors and risk group analysis are very well known in well differentiated thyroid cancer. One of the major prognostic factors is presence of extrathyroidal extension and residual gross tumor. It is not uncommon to find the final pathology report showing minimal extrathyroidal extension. The debate continues as to the implication of this microscopic or minimal extrathyroidal extension. The previous staging system had upstaged such tumors. However, several reports in the literature suggest no prognostic implication of microscopic or minimal extrathyroidal extension. CI - Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Shaha, Ashok R AU - Shaha AR AD - Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States. Electronic address: shahaa@mskcc.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170322 PL - England TA - Oral Oncol JT - Oral oncology JID - 9709118 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Prognosis MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*pathology/radiotherapy/surgery EDAT- 2017/04/26 06:00 MHDA- 2018/03/27 06:00 CRDT- 2017/04/26 06:00 PHST- 2017/02/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/03/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/03/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/04/26 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/04/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/03/27 06:00 [medline] AID - S1368-8375(17)30061-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.03.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Oral Oncol. 2017 May;68:50-52. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.03.008. Epub 2017 Mar 22. PMID- 28383480 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170425 LR - 20181113 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 4 DP - 2017 Apr 6 TI - Molecular Signature of Indeterminate Thyroid Lesions: Current Methods to Improve Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) Diagnosis. LID - 10.3390/ijms18040775 [doi] LID - 775 AB - Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) represents the gold standard for determining the nature of thyroid nodules. It is a reliable method with good sensitivity and specificity. However, indeterminate lesions remain a diagnostic challenge and researchers have contributed molecular markers to search for in cytological material to refine FNAC diagnosis and avoid unnecessary surgeries. Nowadays, several "home-made" methods as well as commercial tests are available to investigate the molecular signature of an aspirate. Moreover, other markers (i.e., microRNA, and circulating tumor cells) have been proposed to discriminate benign from malignant thyroid lesions. Here, we review the literature and provide data from our laboratory on mutational analysis of FNAC material and circulating microRNA expression obtained in the last 6 years. FAU - Cantara, Silvia AU - Cantara S AD - Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy. cantara@unisi.it. FAU - Marzocchi, Carlotta AU - Marzocchi C AD - Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy. carlottamarzocchi@libero.it. FAU - Pilli, Tania AU - Pilli T AD - Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy. t.pilli.e@ao-siena.toscana.it. FAU - Cardinale, Sandro AU - Cardinale S AD - Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy. sandro.cardinale@gmail.com. FAU - Forleo, Raffaella AU - Forleo R AD - Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy. forleo.r@gmail.com. FAU - Castagna, Maria Grazia AU - Castagna MG AD - Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy. m.g.castagna@ao-siena.toscana.it. FAU - Pacini, Furio AU - Pacini F AD - Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy. furio.pacini@unisi.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170406 TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (Genetic Markers) RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) SB - IM MH - Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods MH - DNA Mutational Analysis/*methods MH - Diagnosis, Differential MH - Genetic Markers/genetics MH - Humans MH - MicroRNAs/*blood MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Thyroid Nodule/*genetics/pathology PMC - PMC5412359 OTO - NOTNLM OT - fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) OT - gene expression classifier OT - indeterminate lesions OT - microRNAs (miRNAs) OT - next generation sequencing COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2017/04/07 06:00 MHDA- 2017/04/26 06:00 CRDT- 2017/04/07 06:00 PHST- 2017/03/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/03/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/04/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/04/07 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/04/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/04/26 06:00 [medline] AID - ijms18040775 [pii] AID - ijms-18-00775 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms18040775 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Apr 6;18(4):775. doi: 10.3390/ijms18040775. PMID- 28335429 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170420 LR - 20181113 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 3 DP - 2017 Mar 14 TI - The Adverse Effect of Hypertension in the Treatment of Thyroid Cancer with Multi-Kinase Inhibitors. LID - 10.3390/ijms18030625 [doi] LID - 625 AB - The treatment of thyroid cancer has promising prospects, mostly through the use of surgical or radioactive iodine therapy. However, some thyroid cancers, such as progressive radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma, are not remediable with conventional types of treatment. In these cases, a treatment regimen with multi-kinase inhibitors is advisable. Unfortunately, clinical trials have shown a large number of patients, treated with multi-kinase inhibitors, being adversely affected by hypertension. This means that treatment of thyroid cancer with multi-kinase inhibitors prolongs progression-free and overall survival of patients, but a large number of patients experience hypertension as an adverse effect of the treatment. Whether the prolonged lifetime is sufficient to develop sequelae from hypertension is unclear, but late-stage cancer patients often have additional diseases, which can be complicated by the presence of hypertension. Since the exact mechanisms of the rise of hypertension in these patients are still unknown, the only available strategy is treating the symptoms. More studies determining the pathogenesis of hypertension as a side effect to cancer treatment as well as outcomes of dose management of cancer drugs are necessary to improve future therapy options for hypertension as an adverse effect to cancer therapy with multi-kinase inhibitors. FAU - Ancker, Ole Vincent AU - Ancker OV AD - Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. ole.vincent.ancker@post.au.dk. FAU - Wehland, Markus AU - Wehland M AD - Clinic and Policlinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. markus.wehland@med.ovgu.de. FAU - Bauer, Johann AU - Bauer J AD - Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany. jbauer@biochem.mpg.de. FAU - Infanger, Manfred AU - Infanger M AD - Clinic and Policlinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. manfred.infanger@med.ovgu.de. FAU - Grimm, Daniela AU - Grimm D AD - Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. dgg@biomed.au.dk. AD - Clinic and Policlinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. dgg@biomed.au.dk. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170314 TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Carcinoma/complications/*drug therapy MH - Humans MH - Hypertension/complications/*etiology MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/*adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/complications/*drug therapy PMC - PMC5372639 OTO - NOTNLM OT - hypertension OT - lenvatinib OT - multi-kinase inhibitors OT - sorafenib OT - sunitinib OT - thyroid cancer OT - vascular endothelial growth factor COIS- The authors have declared no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2017/03/25 06:00 MHDA- 2017/04/21 06:00 CRDT- 2017/03/25 06:00 PHST- 2017/01/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/03/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/03/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/03/25 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/03/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/04/21 06:00 [medline] AID - ijms18030625 [pii] AID - ijms-18-00625 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms18030625 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Mar 14;18(3):625. doi: 10.3390/ijms18030625. PMID- 28322989 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180515 LR - 20180515 IS - 1872-8057 (Electronic) IS - 0303-7207 (Linking) VI - 456 DP - 2017 Nov 15 TI - Role of microRNAs in endocrine cancer metastasis. PG - 62-75 LID - S0303-7207(17)30184-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.mce.2017.03.015 [doi] AB - The deregulation of transcription and processing of microRNAs (miRNAs), as well as their function, has been involved in the pathogenesis of several human diseases, including cancer. Despite advances in therapeutic approaches, cancer still represents one of the major health problems worldwide. Cancer metastasis is an aggravating factor in tumor progression, related to increased treatment complexity and a worse prognosis. After more than one decade of extensive studies of miRNAs, the fundamental role of these molecules in cancer progression and metastasis is beginning to be elucidated. Recent evidences have demonstrated a significant role of miRNAs on the metastatic cascade, acting either as pro-metastatic or anti-metastatic. They are involved in distinct steps of metastasis including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, migration/invasion, anoikis survival, and distant organ colonization. Studies on the roles of miRNAs in cancer have focused mainly on two fronts: the establishment of a miRNA signature for different tumors, which may aid in early diagnosis using these miRNAs as markers, and functional studies of specific miRNAs, determining their targets, function and regulation. Functional miRNA studies on endocrine cancers are still scarce and represent an important area of research, since some tumors, although not frequent, present a high mortality rate. Among the endocrine tumors, thyroid cancer is the most common and best studied. Several miRNAs show lowered expression in endocrine cancers (i.e. miR-200s, miR-126, miR-7, miR-29a, miR-30a, miR-137, miR-206, miR-101, miR-613, miR-539, miR-205, miR-9, miR-195), while others are commonly overexpressed (i.e. miR-21, miR-183, miR-31, miR-let7b, miR-584, miR-146b, miR-221, miR-222, miR-25, miR-595). Additionally, some miRNAs were found in serum exosomes (miR-151, miR-145, miR-31), potentially serving as diagnostic tools. In this review, we summarize studies concerning the discovery and functions of miRNAs and their regulatory roles in endocrine cancer metastasis, which may contribute for the finding of novel therapeutic targets. The review focus on miRNAs with at least some identified targets, with established functions and, if possible, upstream regulation. CI - Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Lima, Cilene Rebouças AU - Lima CR AD - Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, Prédio I, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: cilima77@usp.br. FAU - Gomes, Cibele Crastequini AU - Gomes CC AD - Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, Prédio I, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: cibelecgomes@usp.br. FAU - Santos, Marinilce Fagundes AU - Santos MF AD - Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, Prédio I, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: mfsantos@usp.br. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170318 PL - Ireland TA - Mol Cell Endocrinol JT - Molecular and cellular endocrinology JID - 7500844 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) RN - 0 (HGF protein, human) RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) RN - 67256-21-7 (Hepatocyte Growth Factor) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met) SB - IM MH - Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism/pathology MH - Biomarkers, Tumor/*genetics/metabolism MH - Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition MH - Exosomes/chemistry/metabolism/pathology MH - *Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic MH - Hepatocyte Growth Factor/genetics/metabolism MH - Humans MH - MicroRNAs/*genetics/metabolism MH - Neoplasm Invasiveness MH - Neoplasm Metastasis MH - Parathyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism/pathology MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/genetics/metabolism MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism/pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - EMT OT - Endocrine cancers OT - Invasion OT - Metastasis OT - Small RNA EDAT- 2017/03/23 06:00 MHDA- 2018/05/16 06:00 CRDT- 2017/03/22 06:00 PHST- 2016/10/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/03/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2017/03/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/03/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/05/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/03/22 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0303-7207(17)30184-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.mce.2017.03.015 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2017 Nov 15;456:62-75. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.03.015. Epub 2017 Mar 18. PMID- 28318881 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170626 LR - 20181202 IS - 1433-2981 (Electronic) IS - 0936-6555 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 5 DP - 2017 May TI - Targeted Therapy in Thyroid Cancer: State of the Art. PG - 316-324 LID - S0936-6555(17)30110-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.clon.2017.02.009 [doi] AB - Thyroid cancer typically has a good outcome following standard treatments, which include surgery, radioactive iodine ablation for differentiated tumours and treatment with thyrotropine hormone-suppressive levothyroxine. Thyroid cancers that persist or recur following these therapies have a poorer prognosis. Cytotoxic chemotherapy or external beam radiotherapy has a low efficacy in these patients. 'Target therapy' with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) represent an important therapeutic option for the treatment of advanced cases of radioiodine refractory (RAI-R) differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and possibly for cases of poorly differentiated (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). In the last few years, several TKIs have been tested for the treatment of advanced, progressive and RAI-R thyroid cancers and some of them have been recently approved for use in clinical practice: sorafenib and lenvatinib for DTC and PDTC; vandetanib and cabozantinib for MTC. The objective of this overview is to present the current status of the treatment of advanced DTC, MTC, PDTC and ATC with the use of TKIs by describing the benefits and the limits of their use. A comprehensive analysis and description of the molecular basis of these drugs and the new therapeutic perspectives are also reported. Some practical suggestions are also given for the management to the potential side-effects of these drugs. CI - Copyright © 2017 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Valerio, L AU - Valerio L AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Pieruzzi, L AU - Pieruzzi L AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Giani, C AU - Giani C AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Agate, L AU - Agate L AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Bottici, V AU - Bottici V AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Lorusso, L AU - Lorusso L AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Cappagli, V AU - Cappagli V AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Puleo, L AU - Puleo L AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Matrone, A AU - Matrone A AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Viola, D AU - Viola D AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Romei, C AU - Romei C AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Ciampi, R AU - Ciampi R AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Molinaro, E AU - Molinaro E AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. FAU - Elisei, R AU - Elisei R AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrine Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. Electronic address: rossella.elisei@med.unipi.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170317 PL - England TA - Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) JT - Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain)) JID - 9002902 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use MH - Molecular Targeted Therapy/*methods MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/genetics/pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Advanced thyroid cancer OT - adverse events OT - molecular targets OT - targeted therapy OT - tyrosine kinase inhibitors EDAT- 2017/03/21 06:00 MHDA- 2017/06/27 06:00 CRDT- 2017/03/21 06:00 PHST- 2017/02/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2017/02/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/03/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/06/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/03/21 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0936-6555(17)30110-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.clon.2017.02.009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2017 May;29(5):316-324. doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2017.02.009. Epub 2017 Mar 17. PMID- 28231576 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170406 LR - 20170406 IS - 1424-859X (Electronic) IS - 1424-8581 (Linking) VI - 150 IP - 3-4 DP - 2016 TI - Molecular Markers Involved in Tumorigenesis of Thyroid Carcinoma: Focus on Aggressive Histotypes. PG - 194-207 LID - 10.1159/000456576 [doi] AB - Thyroid cancer derived from follicular cells (TCDFC) comprises well-differentiated (papillary and follicular) carcinoma, poorly differentiated carcinoma, and anaplastic carcinoma. Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine cancer, and its incidence is steadily increasing. Lethality and aggressiveness of TCDFC is inversely correlated with differentiation degree. In this review, an emphasis has been put on molecular markers involved in tumorigenesis of thyroid carcinoma with a focus on aggressive histotypes and the role of such biomarkers in predicting thyroid cancer outcome. Genetic rearrangements in TCDFC (RET/PTC, PAX8/PPARG) and mutations in RAS, BRAF, TERT promoter (TERTp), TP53, PIK3CA, and AKT1 are discussed. The majority of the studies to date indicate that TERTp mutations can serve as a marker of more aggressive disease in all the subtypes of thyroid carcinoma, being the best current marker of poor prognosis, due to its independent association with distant metastases and increased disease-specific mortality. Some studies suggested that a more accurate prediction of thyroid cancer outcome may be possible through a more extensive genetic analysis. The same is true concerning the identification of other mutations that are only relatively frequent in advanced tumors (e.g., TP53, PIK3CA, or AKT1). A better understanding of the prognostic role of TERTp mutation (together with additional ones like BRAF, RAS, PIK3CA, AKT1, or TP53) and the clarification of their putative role in fine-needle aspiration biopsies are likely to allow, in the future, an early refinement of the stratification risk in patients with well-differentiated carcinomas. It is worth noting that, as with any categorical staging system, the risk evaluation within each category (low, intermediate, and high) varies depending on the specific clinicopathologic features of individual patients and the specific biological behavior of the tumor. Finally, besides the diagnostic and/or prognostic significance of the above-mentioned mutations, it is crucial to understand that the molecular pathways and epigenetic alterations will likely turn into interesting targets for new therapies. CI - © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel. FAU - Penna, Gustavo C AU - Penna GC AD - Programa de Pós Graduação em Endocrinologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FAU - Vaisman, Fernanda AU - Vaisman F FAU - Vaisman, Mario AU - Vaisman M FAU - Sobrinho-Simões, Manuel AU - Sobrinho-Simões M FAU - Soares, Paula AU - Soares P LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170224 PL - Switzerland TA - Cytogenet Genome Res JT - Cytogenetic and genome research JID - 101142708 RN - 0 (Genetic Markers) SB - IM MH - Carcinogenesis/*genetics MH - *Genetic Markers MH - Humans MH - Mutation MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology EDAT- 2017/02/24 06:00 MHDA- 2017/04/07 06:00 CRDT- 2017/02/24 06:00 PHST- 2017/02/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/04/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/02/24 06:00 [entrez] AID - 000456576 [pii] AID - 10.1159/000456576 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cytogenet Genome Res. 2016;150(3-4):194-207. doi: 10.1159/000456576. Epub 2017 Feb 24. PMID- 28225999 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171004 LR - 20171004 IS - 2359-4292 (Electronic) IS - 2359-3997 (Linking) VI - 61 IP - 1 DP - 2017 Jan-Feb TI - Radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: an uncommon but challenging situation. PG - 81-89 LID - 10.1590/2359-3997000000245 [doi] AB - Radioiodine (RAI)-refractory thyroid cancer is an uncommon entity, occurring with an estimated incidence of 4-5 cases/year/million people. RAI refractoriness is more frequent in older patients, in those with large metastases, in poorly differentiated thyroid cancer, and in those tumors with high 18-fluordeoxyglucose uptake on PET/CT. These patients have a 10-year survival rate of less than 10%. In recent years, new therapeutic agents with molecular targets have become available, with multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) being the most investigated drugs. Two of these compounds, sorafenib and lenvatinib, have shown significant objective response rates and have significantly improved the progression-free survival in the two largest published prospective trials on MKI use. However, no overall survival benefit has been achieved yet. This is probably related to the crossover that occurs in most patients who progress on placebo treatment to the open treatment of these studies. In consequence, the challenge is to correctly identify which patients will benefit from these treatments. It is also crucial to understand the appropriate timing to initiate MKI treatment and when to stop it. The purpose of this article is to define RAI refractoriness, to summarize which therapies are available for this condition, and to review how to select patients who are suitable for them. FAU - Schmidt, Angelica AU - Schmidt A AD - Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas, University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina. AD - Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France. FAU - Iglesias, Laura AU - Iglesias L AD - Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France. FAU - Klain, Michele AU - Klain M AD - Università Federico II di Napoli, Napoli, Italia. FAU - Pitoia, Fabián AU - Pitoia F AD - Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas, University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Schlumberger, Martin J AU - Schlumberger MJ AD - Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170213 PL - Brazil TA - Arch Endocrinol Metab JT - Archives of endocrinology and metabolism JID - 101652058 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use MH - Disease Management MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/*therapeutic use MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use MH - Radiation Tolerance MH - Retreatment MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/mortality/radiotherapy MH - Treatment Failure EDAT- 2017/02/23 06:00 MHDA- 2017/10/05 06:00 CRDT- 2017/02/23 06:00 PHST- 2016/05/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/11/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/02/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/10/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/02/23 06:00 [entrez] AID - S2359-39972017005001113 [pii] AID - 10.1590/2359-3997000000245 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Jan-Feb;61(1):81-89. doi: 10.1590/2359-3997000000245. Epub 2017 Feb 13. PMID- 28191800 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20181015 LR - 20181015 IS - 2078-2101 (Print) IS - 2078-2101 (Linking) VI - 1 IP - 22 DP - 2016 Sep TI - Primary Thyroid Lymphoma: Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Therapeutic Outcomes of Six Cases in Morocco. PG - 11-15 AB - BACKGROUND: Primary non-Hodgkin lymphomas of the thyroid are uncommon and account for 1-5% of all thyroid malignancies and less than 2% of extranodal lymphomas. The aim of the present study was to review our experience and management of primary thyroid lymphoma and to discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic considerations. METHODS: All non-Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosed at our institution between 2007 and 2011 were reviewed, six cases of primary thyroid lymphoma were identified. The clinical and pathological features of these patients were analyzed. RESULTS: There were five females and one male and their mean age was 67.5 years. All patients presented with an enlarging anterior neck mass and two patients also have compressive symptoms. Five patients have a history of pre-existing goiter, four have 'B' symptoms and one was hypothyroid. All patients have B-cell Non Hodgkin Lymphoma. Four patients have stage II disease, while two patients have disseminated disease. All patients underwent thyroid resection. One patient died after surgery. The five others were treated postoperatively with 3-weekly cycles of combination chemotherapy. One patient in stage II received consolidation radiotherapy after chemotherapy. Complete remission was achieved in four patients and one patient had partial response to the treatment. After a median follow-up of 26 months (2-51), three patients are still alive without any relapse, one died and the last was lost to follow up. CONCLUSION: Primary thyroid lymphomas are rare. Treatment depends on the histological subtype and stage of the disease, including radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The prognosis usually is favorable with proper treatment. CN - Department of Medical Oncology, National Institute of Oncology, Rabat, Morocco LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - Kuwait TA - Gulf J Oncolog JT - The Gulf journal of oncology JID - 101500911 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Lymphoma/*pathology/*therapy MH - Male MH - Morocco MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*pathology/*therapy MH - Treatment Outcome FIR - Adani-Ifè, Ablavi IR - Adani-Ifè A FIR - Kloub, Hanane IR - Kloub H FIR - Salmi, Narimane IR - Salmi N FIR - Mrabti, Hind IR - Mrabti H FIR - Errihani, Hassan IR - Errihani H EDAT- 2017/02/14 06:00 MHDA- 2018/10/16 06:00 CRDT- 2017/02/14 06:00 PHST- 2016/07/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/02/14 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2017/02/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/10/16 06:00 [medline] PST - ppublish SO - Gulf J Oncolog. 2016 Sep;1(22):11-15. PMID- 28139363 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180604 LR - 20180604 IS - 1532-2157 (Electronic) IS - 0748-7983 (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 3 DP - 2018 Mar TI - Surgical management of primary thyroid tumours. PG - 321-326 LID - S0748-7983(17)30049-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.12.015 [doi] AB - The majority of patients who present with well differentiated thyroid cancer will require surgery, but decisions on the appropriate primary procedure will depend on information relating to patient, tumour and surgical factors. As the incidence of thyroid cancer continues to rise, it is critical that clinicians involved in the management of these cases understand the factors which underpin surgical decision making for individual patients. Reporting outcomes in well differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) has always been challenging due to the low recurrence and mortality rate of the disease. Although early data supported total thyroidectomy for all patients with >1 cm WDTC, more recent evidence has supported lobectomy in selected, low risk patients. As a result we have seen a change in the approach of international guidelines from a blanket statement that total thyroidectomy should be the treatment for all patients towards a more selective approach to therapy. When selecting the most appropriate surgical approach to WDTC, the primary aim is to minimize the chance of death from disease or further recurrence. Additionally the impact of potential side effects of treatment (laryngeal nerve injury and hypocalcaemia) must also be weighed in the balance. In this review of surgical management of WDTC we aim to present a historical perspective on this subject and explore the arguments for and against total thyroidectomy and thyroid lobectomy in the low-risk patient group. CI - Crown Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Asimakopoulos, P AU - Asimakopoulos P AD - Edinburgh University Hospitals, Department of Otolaryngology, Head &Neck Surgery, Lauriston Building, Lauriston Place, Edinburgh, EH3 9HA, United Kingdom. Electronic address: panagiotis.asimakopoulos@nhs.net. FAU - Nixon, I J AU - Nixon IJ AD - Edinburgh University Hospitals, Department of Otolaryngology, Head &Neck Surgery, Lauriston Building, Lauriston Place, Edinburgh, EH3 9HA, United Kingdom. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20170119 PL - England TA - Eur J Surg Oncol JT - European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology JID - 8504356 SB - IM MH - Decision Making MH - Humans MH - Patient Selection MH - Prognosis MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology/*surgery MH - Thyroidectomy/*methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Thyroid gland OT - *Thyroid neoplasms OT - *Thyroidectomy EDAT- 2017/02/01 06:00 MHDA- 2018/06/05 06:00 CRDT- 2017/02/01 06:00 PHST- 2016/08/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/12/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/02/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/06/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2017/02/01 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0748-7983(17)30049-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.12.015 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Surg Oncol. 2018 Mar;44(3):321-326. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.12.015. Epub 2017 Jan 19. PMID- 27871285 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171020 LR - 20181113 IS - 1479-5876 (Electronic) IS - 1479-5876 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2016 Nov 21 TI - Next-generation sequencing in thyroid cancer. PG - 322 LID - 322 AB - Next-generation sequencing (NGS) in thyroid cancer allows for simultaneous high-throughput sequencing analysis of variable genetic alterations and provides a comprehensive understanding of tumor biology. In thyroid cancer, NGS offers diagnostic improvements for fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of thyroid with indeterminate features. It also contributes to patient management, providing risk stratification of patients based on the risk of malignancy. Furthermore, NGS has been adopted in cancer research. It is used in molecular tumor classification, and molecular prediction of recurrence and metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. This review covers previous NGS analyses in variable types of thyroid cancer, where samples including FNA cytology, fresh frozen tissue, and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were used. This review also focuses on the clinical and research implications of using NGS to study and treat thyroid cancer. FAU - Cha, Yoon Jin AU - Cha YJ AD - Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea. FAU - Koo, Ja Seung AU - Koo JS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4546-4709 AD - Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea. kjs1976@yuhs.ac. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20161121 TA - J Transl Med JT - Journal of translational medicine JID - 101190741 SB - IM MH - High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/*methods MH - Humans MH - Mutation/genetics MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis/*genetics/pathology PMC - PMC5117557 OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Cancer OT - *Cytology OT - *Next-generation sequencing OT - *Thyroid EDAT- 2016/11/23 06:00 MHDA- 2017/10/21 06:00 CRDT- 2016/11/23 06:00 PHST- 2016/07/11 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/11/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/11/23 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/11/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/10/21 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1186/s12967-016-1074-7 [pii] AID - 1074 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12967-016-1074-7 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Transl Med. 2016 Nov 21;14(1):322. doi: 10.1186/s12967-016-1074-7. PMID- 27863564 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170307 LR - 20171201 IS - 1879-9809 (Electronic) IS - 1556-8598 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2017 Jan TI - Designing and Developing PET-Based Precision Model in Thyroid Carcinoma: The Potential Avenues for a Personalized Clinical Care. PG - 27-37 LID - S1556-8598(16)30092-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cpet.2016.08.007 [doi] AB - This communication enumerates the current uses and potential areas where PET could be clinically utilized for developing "precision medicine" type model in thyroid carcinoma. (1) In routine clinics, PET imaging (with fluorodeoxyglucose [FDG]) is utilized to investigate patients of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) with high thyroglobulin and negative iodine scintigraphy (TENIS) and in medullary carcinoma thyroid (MCT) when the tumor markers (eg, calcitonin and carcino embryonic antigen [CEA]) are raised postoperatively (PET with FDG, (68)Ga-DOTA-NOC/TATE, FDOPA). Both are examples of management personalization, where PET-computed tomography (CT) has been found substantially useful in detecting sites of metastatic disease and making decision with regard to feasibility and planning of surgery on an individual patient basis. (2) The next important area of management personalization is in patients of TENIS with metastatic disease not amenable to surgery through examining FDG-PET findings in tandem with radio iodine scan and (68)Ga-DOTA-TATE/NOC PET/CT. Heterogeneous behavior of the metastatic lesions is frequently observed clinically: analyzing the findings of three studies aids in sub-segmenting patients into subgroups and thereby deciding upon the best approach (observation with LT4 suppression vs PRRT vs tyrosine kinase inhibitors) that could be individualized in a given case. (3) In metastatic/inoperable MCT, (68)Ga-DOTA-TATE/NOC PET-CT helps in deciding upon feasibility of targeted PRRT in an individual patient and helps in follow-up and response evaluation. (4) Disease prognostification with FDG-PET is evolving both in DTC and MCT, where FDG avidity would indicate an aggressive biology, though the implication of this from treatment viewpoint is unclear at this point. Conversely, a negative FDG-PET in DTC and TENIS would suggest a favorable prognosis in an individual. (5) Iodine-124 PET/CT has the added potential of obtaining lesional dosimetry compared to the SPECT approach, and could help in selecting appropriate doses on an individual basis. CI - Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Basu, Sandip AU - Basu S AD - Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Tata Memorial Hospital Annexe, Jerbai Wadia Road, Parel, Bombay 400 012, India. Electronic address: drsanb@yahoo.com. FAU - Parghane, Rahul Vithalrao AU - Parghane RV AD - Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Tata Memorial Hospital Annexe, Jerbai Wadia Road, Parel, Bombay 400 012, India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20160923 PL - United States TA - PET Clin JT - PET clinics JID - 101260152 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) RN - 0 (Radiopharmaceuticals) RN - 9010-34-8 (Thyroglobulin) SB - IM MH - Biomarkers, Tumor/blood MH - Humans MH - *Molecular Imaging MH - Neoplasm Metastasis MH - Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography MH - Positron-Emission Tomography/*methods MH - *Precision Medicine MH - Prognosis MH - Radiopharmaceuticals MH - Thyroglobulin/blood MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/pathology/*therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Differentiated thyroid carcinoma OT - *Fluorodeoxyglucose-PET/computed tomography OT - *High thyroglobulin and negative iodine scintigraphy OT - *PET OT - *Radioiodine scan OT - *Radioiodine therapy OT - *Thyroglobulin EDAT- 2016/11/20 06:00 MHDA- 2017/03/08 06:00 CRDT- 2016/11/20 06:00 PHST- 2016/11/20 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/11/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/03/08 06:00 [medline] AID - S1556-8598(16)30092-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cpet.2016.08.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - PET Clin. 2017 Jan;12(1):27-37. doi: 10.1016/j.cpet.2016.08.007. Epub 2016 Sep 23. PMID- 27856921 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180606 LR - 20180606 IS - 1477-092X (Electronic) IS - 1078-1552 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 1 DP - 2018 Jan TI - Lenvatinib - A multikinase inhibitor for radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. PG - 28-32 LID - 10.1177/1078155216680119 [doi] AB - Lenvatinib, an oral multikinase inhibitor, was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in February 2015. In a pivotal phase III study of 392 patients with progressive radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer, the overall response rate of patients receiving lenvatinib was 64.8%, with complete response in four patients. The median progression-free survival was 18.3 months in the lenvatinib arm versus 3.6 months in patients receiving placebo. Median overall survival was not reached in either arm. Lenvatinib is a promising new treatment for patients with radioiodine (iodine-131)-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. FAU - Hewett, Yvonne AU - Hewett Y AD - 1 St Joseph Regional Cancer and Blood Institute, Lewiston, ID, USA. FAU - Ghimire, Subash AU - Ghimire S AD - 1 St Joseph Regional Cancer and Blood Institute, Lewiston, ID, USA. FAU - Farooqi, Bilal AU - Farooqi B AD - 2 Department of Medicine, Mercer University, Macon, GA, USA. FAU - Shah, Binay K AU - Shah BK AD - 3 North Puget Cancer Center, Sedro-Woolley, WA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20161118 PL - England TA - J Oncol Pharm Pract JT - Journal of oncology pharmacy practice : official publication of the International Society of Oncology Pharmacy Practitioners JID - 9511372 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Phenylurea Compounds) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Quinolines) RN - EE083865G2 (lenvatinib) SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use MH - Clinical Trials as Topic MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/*therapeutic use MH - Phenylurea Compounds/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use MH - Quinolines/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/mortality OTO - NOTNLM OT - Differentiated thyroid cancer OT - lenvatinib OT - tyrosine kinase inhibitor EDAT- 2016/11/20 06:00 MHDA- 2018/06/07 06:00 CRDT- 2016/11/19 06:00 PHST- 2016/11/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/06/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/11/19 06:00 [entrez] AID - 1078155216680119 [pii] AID - 10.1177/1078155216680119 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2018 Jan;24(1):28-32. doi: 10.1177/1078155216680119. Epub 2016 Nov 18. PMID- 30484597 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190219 LR - 20190320 IS - 0564-3783 (Print) IS - 0564-3783 (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 6 DP - 2016 Nov-Dec TI - [Not Available]. PG - 15-22 AB - The review presents data on the basic molecular ge-netic mechanisms of formation of papillary thyroid carcinoma. The participation of ionizing radiation in the cancer pathogenesis was analyzed. The role of tu-mor microenvironment, inflammation and nuclear trans-cription factor NF-κB in the initiation and development of papillary thyroid carcinoma was shown. FAU - Tronko, N D AU - Tronko ND FAU - Pushkarev, V M AU - Pushkarev VM LA - eng LA - rus PT - Journal Article PT - Review TT - 30 years of the Chernobyl accident. Molecular genetic mechanisms of carcinogenesis of thyroid gland. PL - Ukraine TA - Tsitol Genet JT - TSitologiia i genetika JID - 0101671 RN - 0 (NF-kappa B) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (RET protein, human) SB - IM MH - Carcinogenesis/genetics/metabolism/pathology MH - *Chernobyl Nuclear Accident MH - Gamma Rays/adverse effects MH - *Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic MH - Humans MH - Inflammation MH - Molecular Epidemiology MH - NF-kappa B/*genetics/metabolism MH - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/diagnosis/epidemiology/*genetics/pathology MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret/*genetics/metabolism MH - Radiation Dosage MH - Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/diagnosis/epidemiology/*genetics/pathology MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis/epidemiology/*genetics/pathology MH - Tumor Microenvironment MH - Ukraine/epidemiology EDAT- 2016/11/01 00:00 MHDA- 2019/03/21 06:00 CRDT- 2018/11/29 06:00 PHST- 2018/11/29 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/11/01 00:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/03/21 06:00 [medline] PST - ppublish SO - Tsitol Genet. 2016 Nov-Dec;50(6):15-22. PMID- 27768542 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170926 LR - 20170926 IS - 1527-1323 (Electronic) IS - 0271-5333 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 7 DP - 2016 Nov-Dec TI - Why Thyroid Surgeons Are Frustrated with Radiologists: Lessons Learned from Pre- and Postoperative US. PG - 2141-2153 AB - Optimal treatment of thyroid cancer is highly dependent on accurate staging of the extent of disease at presentation. Preoperative ultrasonography (US) is the most sensitive method for detecting metastatic lymph nodes and is recommended as part of the standard preoperative workup. Missed findings on preoperative scans may lead to understaging and inadequate surgical management, which subsequently predispose these patients to residual disease postoperatively and a higher risk for recurrence, possibly requiring repeat surgery. Traditionally, thyroid US for pre- and postoperative staging has been performed by radiologists. However, there is a growing trend away from radiologist-performed US in favor of surgeon-performed US. Recent surgical and endocrinology literature has shown that, when compared with surgeon-performed US, radiologist-performed preoperative staging US is less accurate and is inadequate for presurgical planning, with higher local recurrence rates. This review highlights the importance of accurate preoperative US for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, with specific attention to deficiencies that exist in general radiology department thyroid US reports. We present a standardized approach to neck US reporting that incorporates the newly updated 2015 recommendations from the American Thyroid Association and also addresses the pertinent questions for thyroid surgeons. By ensuring comprehensive preoperative assessment and improving thyroid US reporting, we seek to improve patient access to optimized care. (©)RSNA, 2016. FAU - Kumbhar, Sachin S AU - Kumbhar SS AD - From the Departments of Radiology (S.S.K., R.B.O., N.L., C.L.W.) and Surgery (D.R.B.), University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 357115, Seattle, WA 98195-7115; Seattle Radiologists, Western Division of Integra Imaging, Seattle, Wash (T.J.R.); and Department of Radiology, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Wash (S.M.). FAU - O'Malley, Ryan B AU - O'Malley RB AD - From the Departments of Radiology (S.S.K., R.B.O., N.L., C.L.W.) and Surgery (D.R.B.), University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 357115, Seattle, WA 98195-7115; Seattle Radiologists, Western Division of Integra Imaging, Seattle, Wash (T.J.R.); and Department of Radiology, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Wash (S.M.). FAU - Robinson, Tracy J AU - Robinson TJ AD - From the Departments of Radiology (S.S.K., R.B.O., N.L., C.L.W.) and Surgery (D.R.B.), University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 357115, Seattle, WA 98195-7115; Seattle Radiologists, Western Division of Integra Imaging, Seattle, Wash (T.J.R.); and Department of Radiology, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Wash (S.M.). FAU - Maximin, Suresh AU - Maximin S AD - From the Departments of Radiology (S.S.K., R.B.O., N.L., C.L.W.) and Surgery (D.R.B.), University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 357115, Seattle, WA 98195-7115; Seattle Radiologists, Western Division of Integra Imaging, Seattle, Wash (T.J.R.); and Department of Radiology, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Wash (S.M.). FAU - Lalwani, Neeraj AU - Lalwani N AD - From the Departments of Radiology (S.S.K., R.B.O., N.L., C.L.W.) and Surgery (D.R.B.), University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 357115, Seattle, WA 98195-7115; Seattle Radiologists, Western Division of Integra Imaging, Seattle, Wash (T.J.R.); and Department of Radiology, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Wash (S.M.). FAU - Byrd, David R AU - Byrd DR AD - From the Departments of Radiology (S.S.K., R.B.O., N.L., C.L.W.) and Surgery (D.R.B.), University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 357115, Seattle, WA 98195-7115; Seattle Radiologists, Western Division of Integra Imaging, Seattle, Wash (T.J.R.); and Department of Radiology, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Wash (S.M.). FAU - Wang, Carolyn L AU - Wang CL AD - From the Departments of Radiology (S.S.K., R.B.O., N.L., C.L.W.) and Surgery (D.R.B.), University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 357115, Seattle, WA 98195-7115; Seattle Radiologists, Western Division of Integra Imaging, Seattle, Wash (T.J.R.); and Department of Radiology, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Wash (S.M.). LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20161021 PL - United States TA - Radiographics JT - Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc JID - 8302501 SB - IM MH - Clinical Competence/standards MH - Humans MH - Perioperative Care/*standards MH - Prognosis MH - Radiologists/*standards MH - Radiology/*standards MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/*surgery MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Ultrasonography/*standards MH - United States EDAT- 2016/10/22 06:00 MHDA- 2017/09/28 06:00 CRDT- 2016/10/22 06:00 PHST- 2016/10/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/09/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/10/22 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1148/rg.2016150250 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Radiographics. 2016 Nov-Dec;36(7):2141-2153. doi: 10.1148/rg.2016150250. Epub 2016 Oct 21. PMID- 27747102 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170517 LR - 20181202 IS - 2090-1410 (Electronic) IS - 2090-1402 (Print) IS - 2090-1402 (Linking) VI - 2016 DP - 2016 TI - Neoadjuvant Therapy in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. PG - 3743420 LID - 3743420 AB - Objectives. Invasion of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) into surrounding structures can lead to morbid procedures such as laryngectomy and tracheal resection. In these patients, there is a potential role for neoadjuvant therapy. Methods. We identified three studies involving the treatment of DTC with neoadjuvant chemotherapy: two from Slovenia and one from Japan. Results. These studies demonstrate that in selected situations, neoadjuvant chemotherapy can have a good response and allow for a more complete surgical resection, the treatment of DTC. Additionally, the SELECT trial shows that the targeted therapy lenvatinib is effective in the treatment of DTC and could be useful as neoadjuvant therapy for this disease due to its short time to response. Pazopanib has also demonstrated promise in phase II data. Conclusions. Thus, chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting could possibly be useful for managing advanced DTC. Additionally, some of the new tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) hold promise for use in the neoadjuvant setting in DTC. FAU - Dang, Rajan P AU - Dang RP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2543-7180 AD - Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - McFarland, Daniel AU - McFarland D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5500-1591 AD - Department of Hematology-Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Le, Valerie H AU - Le VH AD - Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Camille, Nadia AU - Camille N AD - Department of Hematology-Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Miles, Brett A AU - Miles BA AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Teng, Marita S AU - Teng MS AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Genden, Eric M AU - Genden EM AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Misiukiewicz, Krzysztof J AU - Misiukiewicz KJ AD - Department of Hematology-Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20160922 TA - Int J Surg Oncol JT - International journal of surgical oncology JID - 101566285 RN - 0 (Antibiotics, Antineoplastic) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Phenylurea Compounds) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Pyrimidines) RN - 0 (Quinolines) RN - 0 (Sulfonamides) RN - 25X51I8RD4 (Niacinamide) RN - 7RN5DR86CK (pazopanib) RN - 80168379AG (Doxorubicin) RN - 9ZOQ3TZI87 (Sorafenib) RN - EE083865G2 (lenvatinib) SB - IM MH - Adenocarcinoma MH - Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Clinical Trials as Topic MH - Doxorubicin/administration & dosage/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - Japan MH - Molecular Targeted Therapy/*methods MH - Neoadjuvant Therapy/*methods MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Niacinamide/administration & dosage/adverse effects/analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use MH - Phenylurea Compounds/administration & dosage/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Pyrimidines/administration & dosage/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Quinolines/administration & dosage/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Slovenia MH - Sorafenib MH - Sulfonamides/administration & dosage/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC5055971 COIS- Dr. Brett Miles has received funding within the past 2 years from Advaxis Pharmaceuticals for the investigator-initiated study “Window of Opportunity Trial of Neoadjuvant ADXS 11-001 Vaccination Prior to Robot-Assisted Resection of HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.” Otherwise, there are no competing interests to report. EDAT- 2016/10/18 06:00 MHDA- 2017/05/18 06:00 CRDT- 2016/10/18 06:00 PHST- 2015/12/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/08/10 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2016/08/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/10/18 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/10/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/05/18 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1155/2016/3743420 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Surg Oncol. 2016;2016:3743420. doi: 10.1155/2016/3743420. Epub 2016 Sep 22. PMID- 27745544 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171229 LR - 20171229 IS - 1875-6336 (Electronic) IS - 1573-3963 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 4 DP - 2016 TI - Pediatric Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: When to Perform Conservative and Radical Surgery. PG - 247-252 LID - 10.2174/1573396312666161014092023 [doi] AB - Thyroid tumors affect all age groups, including children and adolescents. Malignant cancer of the thyroid is a relatively uncommon disease in pediatric age. In the recent decades the incidence of paediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) has increased. DTC in paediatric age is rare and has an excellent prognosis. Compared to adult counterpart, DTC in childhood presents some different features as follows: larger volume at the diagnosis, more frequent multicentricity (both mono- and bilateral), earlier local involvement of soft tissue of the neck, earlier lymph node involvement, distant metastases 3-4 times more frequent (most often in the lungs and almost always functional) and more common post-operatory recurrence; nevertheless, the prognosis of DTC in childhood is better and the survival greater than in adult. Because of unusual association between aggressive presentation and good prognosis, the choice about the surgical treatment to perform in DTC is debatable, especially between conservative and radical approach in TNM stage I pediatric patients. To date, total thyroidectomy is the operation most often performed in children with DTC, although recently conservative surgery has been performed in solitary unifocal nodule without evidence distant metastases. CI - Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org. FAU - Spinelli, Claudio AU - Spinelli C AD - Department of Surgical, Medical, Pathological, Molecular and Critic Area, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.. FAU - Rossi, Leonardo AU - Rossi L FAU - Piscioneri, Jessica AU - Piscioneri J FAU - Strambi, Silvia AU - Strambi S FAU - Antonelli, Alessandro AU - Antonelli A FAU - Ferrari, Andrea AU - Ferrari A FAU - Massimino, Maura AU - Massimino M FAU - Miccoli, Paolo AU - Miccoli P LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United Arab Emirates TA - Curr Pediatr Rev JT - Current pediatric reviews JID - 101240290 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Age Factors MH - Child MH - Conservative Treatment/*methods MH - Humans MH - Prognosis MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology/*therapy MH - Thyroidectomy/*methods OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescent surgery OT - pediatric age OT - pediatric surgery OT - thyroid cancer. EDAT- 2016/10/18 06:00 MHDA- 2017/12/30 06:00 CRDT- 2016/10/18 06:00 PHST- 2016/06/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/10/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2016/10/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/10/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/12/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/10/18 06:00 [entrez] AID - CPR-EPUB-78931 [pii] AID - 10.2174/1573396312666161014092023 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Pediatr Rev. 2016;12(4):247-252. doi: 10.2174/1573396312666161014092023. PMID- 27644091 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170421 LR - 20190221 IS - 1477-7819 (Electronic) IS - 1477-7819 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 1 DP - 2016 Sep 19 TI - Clinical significance of prophylactic central compartment neck dissection in the treatment of clinically node-negative papillary thyroid cancer patients. PG - 247 LID - 10.1186/s12957-016-1003-5 [doi] LID - 247 AB - BACKGROUND: Lymph nodal involvement is very common in differentiated thyroid cancer, and in addition, cervical lymph node micrometastases are observed in up to 80 % of papillary thyroid cancers. During the last decades, the role of routine central lymph node dissection (RCLD) in the treatment of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has been an object of research, and it is now still controversial. Nevertheless, many scientific societies and referral authors have definitely stated that even if in expert hands, RCLD is not associated to higher morbidity; it should be indicated only in selected cases. MAIN BODY: In order to better analyze the current role of prophylactic neck dissection in the surgical treatment of papillary thyroid cancers, an analysis of the most recent literature data was performed. Prophylactic or therapeutic lymph node dissection, selective, lateral or central lymph node dissection, modified radical neck dissection, and papillary thyroid cancer were used by the authors as keywords performing a PubMed database research. Literature reviews, PTCs large clinical series and the most recent guidelines of different referral endocrine societies, inhering neck dissection for papillary thyroid cancers, were also specifically evaluated. A higher PTC incidence was nowadays reported in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) clinical series. In addition, ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration citology allowed a more precocious diagnosis in the early phases of disease. The role of prophylactic neck dissection in papillary thyroid cancer management remains controversial especially regarding indications, approach, and surgical extension. Even if morbidity rates seem to be similar to those reported after total thyroidectomy alone, RCLD impact on local recurrence and long-term survival is still a matter of research. Nevertheless, only a selective use in high-risk cases is supported by more and more scientific data. CONCLUSIONS: In the last years, higher papillary thyroid cancer incidence and more precocious diagnoses were worldwide reported. Among endocrine and neck surgeons, there is agreement about indications to prophylactic treatment of node-negative "high-risk" patients. A recent trend toward RCLD avoiding radioactive treatment is still debated, but nevertheless, prophylactic dissections in low-risk cases should be avoided. Prospective randomized trials are needed to evaluate the benefits of different approaches and allow to drawn definitive conclusions. FAU - Gambardella, Claudio AU - Gambardella C AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. FAU - Tartaglia, Ernesto AU - Tartaglia E AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. FAU - Nunziata, Anna AU - Nunziata A AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. FAU - Izzo, Graziella AU - Izzo G AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. FAU - Siciliano, Giuseppe AU - Siciliano G AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. FAU - Cavallo, Fabio AU - Cavallo F AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. FAU - Mauriello, Claudio AU - Mauriello C AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. FAU - Napolitano, Salvatore AU - Napolitano S AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. FAU - Thomas, Guglielmo AU - Thomas G AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. FAU - Testa, Domenico AU - Testa D AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. FAU - Rossetti, Gianluca AU - Rossetti G AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. FAU - Sanguinetti, Alessandro AU - Sanguinetti A AD - Endocrine Surgical Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. FAU - Avenia, Nicola AU - Avenia N AD - Endocrine Surgical Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. FAU - Conzo, Giovanni AU - Conzo G AD - Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgery and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. giovanni.conzo@unina2.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20160919 TA - World J Surg Oncol JT - World journal of surgical oncology JID - 101170544 RN - 9010-34-8 (Thyroglobulin) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (BRAF protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf) SB - IM MH - Age Factors MH - Carcinoma/blood/epidemiology/pathology/*surgery MH - Carcinoma, Papillary MH - Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Lymphatic Metastasis MH - Morbidity MH - Neck Dissection/*methods/trends MH - Neoplasm Micrometastasis/diagnostic imaging MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*epidemiology/prevention & control MH - Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - Prophylactic Surgical Procedures/*methods MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/analysis MH - Sex Factors MH - Thyroglobulin/blood MH - Thyroid Cancer, Papillary MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/blood/epidemiology/pathology/*surgery MH - *Thyroidectomy MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Ultrasonography PMC - PMC5028971 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Papillary thyroid cancer OT - Prophylactic lymph node dissection OT - Radioactive iodine ablation OT - Routine central lymph node dissection OT - Therapeutic lymph node dissection OT - Total thyroidectomy EDAT- 2016/09/20 06:00 MHDA- 2017/04/22 06:00 CRDT- 2016/09/20 06:00 PHST- 2016/01/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/09/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/09/20 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/09/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/04/22 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1186/s12957-016-1003-5 [pii] AID - 1003 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12957-016-1003-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - World J Surg Oncol. 2016 Sep 19;14(1):247. doi: 10.1186/s12957-016-1003-5. PMID- 27618325 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170912 LR - 20170912 IS - 1527-1323 (Electronic) IS - 0271-5333 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 5 DP - 2016 Sep-Oct TI - Current Concepts in the Molecular Genetics and Management of Thyroid Cancer: An Update for Radiologists. PG - 1478-93 LID - 10.1148/rg.2016150206 [doi] AB - Substantial improvement in the understanding of the oncogenic pathways in thyroid cancer has led to identification of specific molecular alterations, including mutations of BRAF and RET in papillary thyroid cancer, mutation of RAS and rearrangement of PPARG in follicular thyroid cancer, mutation of RET in medullary thyroid cancer, and mutations of TP53 and in the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K)/AKT1 pathway in anaplastic thyroid cancer. Ultrasonography (US) and US-guided biopsy remain cornerstones in the initial workup of thyroid cancer. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, with radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy reserved for differentiated subtypes. Posttreatment surveillance of thyroid cancer is done with US of the thyroid bed as well as monitoring of tumor markers such as serum thyroglobulin and serum calcitonin. Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging, and fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT are used in the follow-up of patients with negative iodine 131 imaging and elevated tumor markers. Certain mutations, such as mutations of BRAF in papillary thyroid carcinoma and mutations in RET codons 883, 918, and 928, are associated with an aggressive course in medullary thyroid carcinoma, and affected patients need close surveillance. Treatment options for metastatic RAI-refractory thyroid cancer are limited. Currently, Food and Drug Administration-approved molecularly targeted therapies for metastatic RAI-refractory thyroid cancer, including sorafenib, lenvatinib, vandetanib, and cabozantinib, target the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and RET kinases. Imaging plays an important role in assessment of response to these therapies, which can be atypical owing to antiangiogenic effects. A wide spectrum of toxic effects is associated with the molecularly targeted therapies used in thyroid cancer and can be detected at restaging scans. (©)RSNA, 2016. FAU - Kelil, Tatiana AU - Kelil T AD - From the Departments of Radiology (T.K., A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.) and Pathology (J.L.H.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115; and Department of Imaging, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.). FAU - Keraliya, Abhishek R AU - Keraliya AR AD - From the Departments of Radiology (T.K., A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.) and Pathology (J.L.H.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115; and Department of Imaging, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.). FAU - Howard, Stephanie A AU - Howard SA AD - From the Departments of Radiology (T.K., A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.) and Pathology (J.L.H.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115; and Department of Imaging, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.). FAU - Krajewski, Katherine M AU - Krajewski KM AD - From the Departments of Radiology (T.K., A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.) and Pathology (J.L.H.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115; and Department of Imaging, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.). FAU - Braschi-Amirfarzan, Marta AU - Braschi-Amirfarzan M AD - From the Departments of Radiology (T.K., A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.) and Pathology (J.L.H.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115; and Department of Imaging, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.). FAU - Hornick, Jason L AU - Hornick JL AD - From the Departments of Radiology (T.K., A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.) and Pathology (J.L.H.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115; and Department of Imaging, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.). FAU - Ramaiya, Nikhil H AU - Ramaiya NH AD - From the Departments of Radiology (T.K., A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.) and Pathology (J.L.H.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115; and Department of Imaging, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.). FAU - Tirumani, Sree Harsha AU - Tirumani SH AD - From the Departments of Radiology (T.K., A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.) and Pathology (J.L.H.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115; and Department of Imaging, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.R.K., S.A.H., K.M.K., M.B.A., N.H.R., S.H.T.). LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Radiographics JT - Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc JID - 8302501 SB - IM MH - *Diagnostic Imaging MH - Humans MH - *Molecular Targeted Therapy MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/*genetics/*therapy EDAT- 2016/09/13 06:00 MHDA- 2017/09/13 06:00 CRDT- 2016/09/13 06:00 PHST- 2016/09/13 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/09/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/09/13 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1148/rg.2016150206 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Radiographics. 2016 Sep-Oct;36(5):1478-93. doi: 10.1148/rg.2016150206. PMID- 27561845 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170323 LR - 20181113 IS - 1532-2157 (Electronic) IS - 0748-7983 (Print) IS - 0748-7983 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 10 DP - 2016 Oct TI - The impact of family history on non-medullary thyroid cancer. PG - 1455-63 LID - S0748-7983(16)30846-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.08.006 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Around 10% of patients with non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) will have a positive family history for the disease. Although many will be sporadic, families where 3 first-degree relatives are affected can be considered to represent true familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC). The genetic basis, impact on clinical and pathological features, and overall effect on prognosis are poorly understood. METHODS: A literature review identified articles which report on genetic, clinical, therapeutic and screening aspects of FNMTC. The results are presented to allow an understanding of the genetic basis and the impact on clinical-pathological features and prognosis in order to inform clinical decision making. RESULTS: The genetic basis of FNMTC is unknown. Despite this, significant progress has been made in identifying potential susceptibility genes. The lack of a test for FNMTC has led to a clinical definition requiring a minimum of 3 first-degree relatives to be diagnosed with NMTC. Although some have shown an association with multi-centric disease, younger age and increased rates of extra-thyroidal extension and nodal metastases, these findings are not supported by all. The impact of FNMTC is unclear with all groups reporting good outcome, and some finding an association with more aggressive disease. The role of screening remains controversial. CONCLUSION: FNMTC is rare but can be diagnosed clinically. Its impact on prognostic factors and the subsequent role in influencing management is debated. For those patients who present with otherwise low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer, FNMTC should be included in risk assessment when discussing therapeutic options. CI - Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd, BASO ~ The Association for Cancer Surgery, and the European Society of Surgical Oncology. All rights reserved. FAU - Nixon, I J AU - Nixon IJ AD - Department of ENT/Head and Neck Surgery, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh University, UK; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh University, UK. Electronic address: iainjnixon@gmail.com. FAU - Suárez, C AU - Suárez C AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; Fundación de Investigación e Innovación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Simo, R AU - Simo R AD - Head and Neck Cancer Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. FAU - Sanabria, A AU - Sanabria A AD - Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Fundación Colombiana de Cancerología - Clínica Vida, Medellin, Colombia. FAU - Angelos, P AU - Angelos P AD - Department of Surgery and Surgical Ethics, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Rinaldo, A AU - Rinaldo A AD - University of Udine School of Medicine, Udine, Italy. FAU - Rodrigo, J P AU - Rodrigo JP AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Kowalski, L P AU - Kowalski LP AD - Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. FAU - Hartl, D M AU - Hartl DM AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif Cedex, France; Laboratoire de Phonétique et de Phonologie, Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris, France. FAU - Hinni, M L AU - Hinni ML AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA. FAU - Shah, J P AU - Shah JP AD - Head and Neck Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Ferlito, A AU - Ferlito A AD - Department of Surgical Sciences, ENT Clinic, University of Udine School of Medicine, Udine; International Head and Neck Scientific Group, Italy. LA - eng GR - P30 CA008748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20160811 TA - Eur J Surg Oncol JT - European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology JID - 8504356 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Lymphatic Metastasis MH - Prognosis MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology/therapy MH - Thyroidectomy PMC - PMC5152753 MID - NIHMS833335 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Familial thyroid cancer OT - Family history OT - Thyroid cancer COIS- No authors have a conflict of interest to disclose. EDAT- 2016/08/27 06:00 MHDA- 2017/03/24 06:00 CRDT- 2016/08/27 06:00 PHST- 2016/04/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/07/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2016/08/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/08/27 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/08/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/03/24 06:00 [medline] AID - S0748-7983(16)30846-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.08.006 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Surg Oncol. 2016 Oct;42(10):1455-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.08.006. Epub 2016 Aug 11. PMID- 27539727 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170306 LR - 20181113 IS - 1559-0097 (Electronic) IS - 1046-3976 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 4 DP - 2016 Dec TI - Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Recent Advances Including MicroRNA Expression. PG - 312-324 AB - Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is an uncommon neuroendocrine tumor arising from the C cells in the thyroid and accounts for about 5 % of all thyroid cancers. MTC exhibits more aggressive behavior than follicular tumors, with the majority of cases presenting with lymph node metastasis. It is particularly common among patients carrying germline RET mutations with almost 100 % penetrance. Because activating RET mutations occur in over 90 % of hereditary and 40 % of sporadic MTC, clinical trials of several RET-targeting multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) have resulted in FDA approval of vandetanib and cabozantinib for the treatment of MTC. Nevertheless, in light of significant individual differences in tumor behavior and treatment responses, there has been a persistent need for research efforts to decipher the molecular events within RET-driven or non-RET-driven tumors. Recently, the gene regulatory roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in MTC have been studied extensively. Multiple miRNA deregulations have been discovered in MTC with potential prognostic and therapeutic implications. This review provides an overview of the basic pathology of MTC and an update on recent investigational progress. FAU - Chu, Ying-Hsia AU - Chu YH AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Office K4/436 CSC-8550, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792-8550, USA. FAU - Lloyd, Ricardo V AU - Lloyd RV AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Office K4/436 CSC-8550, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792-8550, USA. rvlloyd@wisc.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Endocr Pathol JT - Endocrine pathology JID - 9009288 RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (RET protein, human) RN - Thyroid cancer, medullary SB - IM MH - Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/*genetics/*pathology MH - Humans MH - MicroRNAs/*genetics MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret/genetics MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/*pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - *Medullary thyroid carcinoma OT - *MicroRNA OT - *RAS OT - *RET EDAT- 2016/08/20 06:00 MHDA- 2017/03/07 06:00 CRDT- 2016/08/20 06:00 PHST- 2016/08/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/03/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/08/20 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s12022-016-9449-0 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12022-016-9449-0 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocr Pathol. 2016 Dec;27(4):312-324. doi: 10.1007/s12022-016-9449-0. PMID- 27504993 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180119 LR - 20191210 IS - 1752-2978 (Electronic) IS - 1752-296X (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 5 DP - 2016 Oct TI - Laser, radiofrequency, and ethanol ablation for the management of thyroid nodules. PG - 400-6 LID - 10.1097/MED.0000000000000282 [doi] AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The majority of benign thyroid nodules are nearly asymptomatic, remain stable in size, and do not require treatment. However, a minority of patients with growing nodules may complain of local symptoms or have cosmetic concerns, and thus seek surgical consultation. RECENT FINDINGS: The timely use of ultrasound-guided minimally invasive procedures can change the natural history of benign enlarging thyroid nodules. The procedures produce persistent shrinkage of thyroid nodules and are associated with improvement of local symptoms. Among the various procedures, percutaneous ethanol injection represents the first-line treatment for relapsing thyroid cysts. In solid nonfunctioning nodules, laser and radiofrequency ablation produces a more than 50% reduction in nodular volume that remains persistent over several years. For hyperfunctioning nodules, thermal ablation techniques are not appropriate unless radioactive iodine is contraindicated or not accessible. SUMMARY: MITs are best suited for the management of medium or large-sized nodules that are sonographically well visualized. Conversely, large nodules or nodular goiters that extend into the chest are difficult to treat. MITs are performed in outpatient clinics, are less expensive, and have a lower risk of complications, compared to surgery, and usually do not induce thyroid dysfunction. However, malignancy should be ruled out with a dedicated ultrasound neck assessment and repeat fine needle aspiration of the lesion before treatment. FAU - Papini, Enrico AU - Papini E AD - aDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism bDepartment of Diagnostic Imaging, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Via San Francesco, Albano, Rome, Italy. FAU - Gugliemi, Rinaldo AU - Gugliemi R FAU - Pacella, Claudio Maurizio AU - Pacella CM LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes JT - Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity JID - 101308636 RN - 3K9958V90M (Ethanol) SB - IM MH - Ablation Techniques/*methods MH - Ethanol/*therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - Laser Therapy/*methods MH - Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/*methods MH - *Radiofrequency Therapy MH - *Thyroid Nodule/drug therapy/radiotherapy/surgery EDAT- 2016/08/10 06:00 MHDA- 2018/01/20 06:00 CRDT- 2016/08/10 06:00 PHST- 2016/08/10 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/08/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/01/20 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1097/MED.0000000000000282 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2016 Oct;23(5):400-6. doi: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000282. PMID- 27334052 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170210 LR - 20191210 IS - 1096-9098 (Electronic) IS - 0022-4790 (Print) IS - 0022-4790 (Linking) VI - 114 IP - 3 DP - 2016 Sep TI - Importance of cost-effectiveness and value in cancer care and healthcare policy. PG - 275-80 LID - 10.1002/jso.24331 [doi] AB - The cost of cancer care has increased by five fold over the last three decades. As our healthcare system shifts from volume to value, greater scrutiny of interventions with clinical equipoise is required. Traditionally, QALYs and ICER have served as surrogate markers for value. However, this approach fails to incorporate all stakeholders' viewpoints. Prostate cancer, low risk DCIS, and thyroid cancer are used as a framework to discuss value and cost-effectiveness. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:275-280. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. CI - © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. FAU - Kang, Ravinder AU - Kang R AD - Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire. FAU - Goodney, Philip P AU - Goodney PP AD - Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire. FAU - Wong, Sandra L AU - Wong SL AD - Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire. LA - eng GR - K08 HL105676/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 FD005478/FD/FDA HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20160622 TA - J Surg Oncol JT - Journal of surgical oncology JID - 0222643 SB - IM MH - Breast Neoplasms/economics/*therapy MH - Cost-Benefit Analysis MH - Female MH - *Health Policy MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Outcome Assessment, Health Care MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/economics/*therapy MH - Quality-Adjusted Life Years MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/economics/*therapy PMC - PMC5048466 MID - NIHMS819204 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ICER OT - QALY OT - ductal carcinoma in-situ OT - prostate cancer OT - thyroid cancer OT - value EDAT- 2016/06/24 06:00 MHDA- 2017/02/12 06:00 CRDT- 2016/06/24 06:00 PHST- 2016/03/03 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/06/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/06/24 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/06/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/02/12 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1002/jso.24331 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Surg Oncol. 2016 Sep;114(3):275-80. doi: 10.1002/jso.24331. Epub 2016 Jun 22. PMID- 27325542 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170130 LR - 20170130 IS - 1535-6337 (Electronic) IS - 0011-3840 (Linking) VI - 53 IP - 5 DP - 2016 May TI - Endocrine incidentalomas. PG - 219-46 LID - S0011-3840(16)30002-8 [pii] LID - 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2016.04.001 [doi] FAU - Starker, Lee F AU - Starker LF AD - University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. FAU - Prieto, Peter A AU - Prieto PA AD - University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. FAU - Liles, J Spencer AU - Liles JS AD - University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL. FAU - Tran Cao, Hop S AU - Tran Cao HS AD - Baylor College of Medicine, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Houston, TX. FAU - Grubbs, Elizabeth G AU - Grubbs EG AD - University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. FAU - Lee, Jeffrey E AU - Lee JE AD - Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. FAU - Perrier, Nancy D AU - Perrier ND AD - University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. FAU - Graham, Paul H AU - Graham PH AD - University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. Electronic address: phgraham@mdanderson.org. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20160503 PL - United States TA - Curr Probl Surg JT - Current problems in surgery JID - 0372617 SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Biopsy, Fine-Needle MH - Diagnostic Imaging/*methods MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods MH - Male MH - Positron-Emission Tomography/methods MH - Prognosis MH - Risk Assessment MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*surgery MH - Thyroid Nodule/*diagnosis/*surgery MH - Thyroidectomy/methods MH - Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2016/06/22 06:00 MHDA- 2017/01/31 06:00 CRDT- 2016/06/22 06:00 PHST- 2015/10/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/04/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/06/22 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/06/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/01/31 06:00 [medline] AID - S0011-3840(16)30002-8 [pii] AID - 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2016.04.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Probl Surg. 2016 May;53(5):219-46. doi: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2016.04.001. Epub 2016 May 3. PMID- 27314338 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170321 LR - 20190221 IS - 1422-0067 (Electronic) IS - 1422-0067 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 6 DP - 2016 Jun 15 TI - The Role of miRNA in Papillary Thyroid Cancer in the Context of miRNA Let-7 Family. LID - 10.3390/ijms17060909 [doi] LID - 909 AB - Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. RET/PTC rearrangement is the most common genetic modification identified in this category of cancer, increasing proliferation and dedifferentiation by the activation of the RET/PTC-RAS-BRAF-MAPK-ERK signaling pathway. Recently, let-7 miRNA was found to reduce RAS levels, acting as a tumor suppressor gene. Circulating miRNA profiles of the let-7 family may be used as novel noninvasive diagnostic, prognostic, treatment and surveillance markers for PTC. FAU - Perdas, Ewelina AU - Perdas E AD - Department of Experimental Physiology, Chair of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 92-215, Poland. ewelina.perdas@stud.umed.lodz.pl. FAU - Stawski, Robert AU - Stawski R AD - Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 92-215, Poland. robert.stawski@umed.lodz.pl. FAU - Nowak, Dariusz AU - Nowak D AD - Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 92-215, Poland. dariusz.nowak@umed.lodz.pl. FAU - Zubrzycka, Maria AU - Zubrzycka M AD - Department of Experimental Physiology, Chair of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 92-215, Poland. maria.pawelska-zubrzycka@umed.lodz.pl. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20160615 TA - Int J Mol Sci JT - International journal of molecular sciences JID - 101092791 RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) RN - 0 (mirnlet7 microRNA, human) SB - IM MH - Carcinoma/*genetics MH - Carcinoma, Papillary MH - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics MH - Gene Expression Profiling MH - *Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic MH - Humans MH - MicroRNAs/blood/*genetics MH - *Multigene Family MH - Mutation MH - Thyroid Cancer, Papillary MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics MH - Transcription, Genetic MH - Transcriptome PMC - PMC4926443 OTO - NOTNLM OT - carcinogenesis OT - let-7 family OT - miRNAs OT - papillary thyroid cancer EDAT- 2016/06/18 06:00 MHDA- 2017/03/23 06:00 CRDT- 2016/06/18 06:00 PHST- 2016/04/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/05/22 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2016/06/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/06/18 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/06/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/03/23 06:00 [medline] AID - ijms17060909 [pii] AID - ijms-17-00909 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ijms17060909 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Jun 15;17(6):909. doi: 10.3390/ijms17060909. PMID- 27223483 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170628 LR - 20180321 IS - 2168-6262 (Electronic) IS - 2168-6254 (Linking) VI - 151 IP - 7 DP - 2016 Jul 1 TI - Molecular-Directed Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment. PG - 663-70 LID - 10.1001/jamasurg.2016.0825 [doi] AB - IMPORTANCE: Thyroid cancer incidence is increasing, and when fine-needle aspiration biopsy results are cytologically indeterminate, the diagnosis is often still established only after thyroidectomy. Molecular marker testing may be helpful in guiding patient-oriented and tailored management of thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer. OBJECTIVE: To summarize available data on the use of molecular testing to improve the diagnosis and prognostication of thyroid cancer. EVIDENCE REVIEW: A MEDLINE review was conducted using the primary search terms molecular, thyroid cancer, thyroid nodule, and gene expression classifier in search strings. Articles were restricted to those published between January 1, 2010, and June 1, 2015, inclusive of adult humans, and reported in the English language only. FINDINGS: Of 867 titles screened, 67 articles were further identified for review of the full text. The 2 most studied molecular marker testing techniques for indeterminate thyroid nodules include gene expression classifier analysis and evaluation for somatic mutations or rearrangements that are commonly found in thyroid cancer (7-gene panel). Nodules with benign results on gene expression classifier analysis can be associated with less than a 5% risk of cancer and may be observed, while nodules with positive results on the 7-gene panel may have a higher risk of cancer (80%-100%) and definitive surgery can be recommended. However, cancer prevalence and geographic variations in histologic subtypes may affect accuracy and clinical applicability of both tests. Molecular marker tests such as ThyroSeq version 2.1 are more comprehensive, but they need further validation. Preoperative risk stratification using molecular markers also may be used to better define the optimal extent of thyroidectomy for patients with thyroid cancer. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Molecular markers potentially can augment the diagnostic specificity of fine-needle aspiration biopsy to better differentiate cytologically indeterminate nodules that can be safely observed from cytologically indeterminate nodules that may be associated with differentiated thyroid cancer. Long-term follow-up data are still needed; in the end, patient preference regarding the relative risks and benefits of molecular testing is at the crux of decision making. FAU - Yip, Linwah AU - Yip L AD - Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. FAU - Sosa, Julie Ann AU - Sosa JA AD - Section of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina3Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina4Deputy Editor, JAMA Surgery. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - JAMA Surg JT - JAMA surgery JID - 101589553 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Biomarkers, Tumor/*genetics MH - Biopsy, Fine-Needle MH - DNA Mutational Analysis MH - Gene Expression Profiling MH - Gene Rearrangement MH - Humans MH - Prognosis MH - Risk Assessment MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*diagnosis/genetics/pathology/*surgery MH - Thyroidectomy EDAT- 2016/05/26 06:00 MHDA- 2017/06/29 06:00 CRDT- 2016/05/26 06:00 PHST- 2016/05/26 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/05/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/06/29 06:00 [medline] AID - 2524563 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamasurg.2016.0825 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - JAMA Surg. 2016 Jul 1;151(7):663-70. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2016.0825. PMID- 27218239 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180209 LR - 20180226 IS - 1097-0347 (Electronic) IS - 1043-3074 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 12 DP - 2016 Dec TI - Metastases to nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. PG - 1847-1854 LID - 10.1002/hed.24502 [doi] AB - The sinonasal cavities are rare locations for metastases. Metastases to these locations are usually solitary and produce similar symptoms to those of a primary sinonasal tumor. Nasal obstruction and epistaxis are the most frequent symptoms. The maxillary sinus is most frequently involved. The most common primary tumor sites to spread to this region originate in the kidney, breast, thyroid, and prostate, although any malignancy could potentially lead to a metastasis to the paranasal sinuses. The patient's prognosis is usually poor because of the fact that the sinonasal metastasis is usually associated with widespread disseminated disease. In the majority of patients, palliative therapy is the only possible treatment option. Nevertheless, whenever possible, surgical excision either alone or combined with radiotherapy may be useful for palliation of symptoms and, rarely, to achieve prolonged survival. This review considers the most interesting cases reported in the literature that presents metastases to the sinonasal cavities. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 1847-1854, 2016. CI - © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. FAU - López, Fernando AU - López F AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. AD - University of Oviedo. Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. FAU - Devaney, Kenneth O AU - Devaney KO AD - Department of Pathology, Allegiance Health, Jackson, Michigan. FAU - Hanna, Ehab Y AU - Hanna EY AD - Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. FAU - Rinaldo, Alessandra AU - Rinaldo A AD - University of Udine School of Medicine, Udine, Italy. FAU - Ferlito, Alfio AU - Ferlito A AD - Coordinator of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20160524 PL - United States TA - Head Neck JT - Head & neck JID - 8902541 SB - IM MH - Bone Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/therapy MH - Breast Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/therapy MH - Carcinoma, Renal Cell/mortality/pathology/therapy MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Kidney Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/therapy MH - Liver Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/therapy MH - Lung Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/therapy MH - Male MH - Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms/mortality/secondary/therapy MH - Nasal Cavity/*pathology MH - Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/*mortality/*secondary/therapy MH - Prognosis MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/therapy MH - Risk Assessment MH - Survival Analysis MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/therapy OTO - NOTNLM OT - *maxillary sinus OT - *metastases OT - *nasal cavity OT - *paranasal sinuses OT - *sinonasal cavities EDAT- 2016/05/25 06:00 MHDA- 2018/02/10 06:00 CRDT- 2016/05/25 06:00 PHST- 2016/04/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/05/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/02/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/05/25 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1002/hed.24502 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Head Neck. 2016 Dec;38(12):1847-1854. doi: 10.1002/hed.24502. Epub 2016 May 24. PMID- 27185870 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180112 LR - 20180404 IS - 1479-6821 (Electronic) IS - 1351-0088 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 6 DP - 2016 Jun TI - New drugs for medullary thyroid cancer: new promises? PG - R287-97 LID - 10.1530/ERC-16-0104 [doi] AB - Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a rare tumor arising from the calcitonin-producing parafollicular C cells of the thyroid gland, occurring either sporadically or alternatively in a hereditary form based on germline RET mutations in approximately one-third of cases. Historically, patients with advanced, metastasized MTC have had a poor prognosis, partly due to limited response to conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In the past decade, however, considerable progress has been made in identifying key genetic alterations and dysregulated signaling pathways paving the way for the evaluation of a series of multitargeted kinase inhibitors that have started to meaningfully impact clinical practice. Two drugs, vandetanib and cabozantinib, are now approved in the US and EU for use in advanced, progressive MTC, with additional targeted agents also showing promise or awaiting results from clinical trials. However, the potential for toxicities with significant reduction in quality of life and lack of curative outcomes has to be carefully weighed against potential for benefit. Despite significant PFS prolongation observed in randomized clinical trials, most patients even with metastatic disease enjoy indolent courses with slow progression observed over years, wherein watchful waiting is still the preferred strategy. As advanced, progressive MTC is a rare and complex disease, a multidisciplinary approach centered in specialized centers providing interdisciplinary expertise in the individualization of available therapeutic options is preferred. In this review, we summarize current concepts of the molecular pathogenesis of advanced MTC and discuss results from clinical trials of targeted agents and also cytotoxic chemotherapy in the context of clinical implications and future perspectives. CI - © 2016 Society for Endocrinology. FAU - Spitzweg, Christine AU - Spitzweg C AD - Department of Internal Medicine II - Campus GrosshadernUniversity Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany Christine.Spitzweg@med.uni-muenchen.de. FAU - Morris, John C AU - Morris JC AD - Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismMayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. FAU - Bible, Keith C AU - Bible KC AD - Division of Medical OncologyMayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20160516 PL - England TA - Endocr Relat Cancer JT - Endocrine-related cancer JID - 9436481 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - Thyroid cancer, medullary SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use MH - Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/*drug therapy/genetics/metabolism MH - Humans MH - Molecular Targeted Therapy MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/genetics/metabolism OTO - NOTNLM OT - *cytotoxic chemotherapy OT - *medullary thyroid cancer OT - *multitargeted kinase inhibitors OT - *personalized therapy EDAT- 2016/05/18 06:00 MHDA- 2018/01/13 06:00 CRDT- 2016/05/18 06:00 PHST- 2016/05/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/05/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/05/18 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/05/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/01/13 06:00 [medline] AID - ERC-16-0104 [pii] AID - 10.1530/ERC-16-0104 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocr Relat Cancer. 2016 Jun;23(6):R287-97. doi: 10.1530/ERC-16-0104. Epub 2016 May 16. PMID- 27174043 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170314 LR - 20191128 IS - 1469-5073 (Electronic) IS - 0016-6723 (Print) IS - 0016-6723 (Linking) VI - 98 DP - 2016 May 13 TI - Molecular genetics of thyroid cancer. PG - e7 LID - 10.1017/S0016672316000057 [doi] LID - e7 AB - The pathogenesis of the development and progression of thyroid cancer (TC) is far from being clear at present. Accumulated evidence suggests that it is a complex polygenic disorder for which genetic factors play an important role in disease aetiology. Here we review the literature to report the genetic variations and alterations that have been described in the aetiology of TC. The functional effects of some mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms on TC are validated, establishing the role of sequence variations in this cancer. However, large prospective studies are still required to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of these genetic determinants in clinical practice. FAU - Rebaї, Maha AU - Rebaї M AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes,Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax,University of Sfax,Route Sidi Mansour,PO Box 1177,3018 Sfax,Tunisia. FAU - Rebaї, Ahmed AU - Rebaї A AD - Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes,Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax,University of Sfax,Route Sidi Mansour,PO Box 1177,3018 Sfax,Tunisia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20160513 TA - Genet Res (Camb) JT - Genetics research JID - 101550220 SB - IM MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Genetic Variation MH - Humans MH - Mutation MH - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MH - Risk Factors MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism/pathology PMC - PMC6865173 EDAT- 2016/05/14 06:00 MHDA- 2017/03/16 06:00 CRDT- 2016/05/14 06:00 PHST- 2016/05/14 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/05/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/03/16 06:00 [medline] AID - S0016672316000057 [pii] AID - 00005 [pii] AID - 10.1017/S0016672316000057 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Genet Res (Camb). 2016 May 13;98:e7. doi: 10.1017/S0016672316000057. PMID- 27168342 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170206 LR - 20170206 IS - 1543-0790 (Print) IS - 1543-0790 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 5 Suppl 9 DP - 2016 May TI - Sequencing of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Progressive Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. PG - 7-12 FAU - Brose, Marcia S AU - Brose MS AD - Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Clin Adv Hematol Oncol JT - Clinical advances in hematology & oncology : H&O JID - 101167661 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Protein-Tyrosine Kinases) SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Clinical Decision-Making MH - Clinical Trials as Topic MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - Molecular Targeted Therapy MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors MH - Research MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/mortality/*pathology MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2016/05/12 06:00 MHDA- 2017/02/07 06:00 CRDT- 2016/05/12 06:00 PHST- 2016/05/12 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/05/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/02/07 06:00 [medline] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2016 May;14(5 Suppl 9):7-12. PMID- 27168341 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170206 LR - 20170206 IS - 1543-0790 (Print) IS - 1543-0790 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 5 Suppl 9 DP - 2016 May TI - Initial Treatment of Progressive Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. PG - 3-6 FAU - Tuttle, R M AU - Tuttle RM AD - Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Clin Adv Hematol Oncol JT - Clinical advances in hematology & oncology : H&O JID - 101167661 SB - IM MH - Clinical Decision-Making MH - Combined Modality Therapy MH - Disease Management MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/epidemiology/mortality/*pathology/*therapy MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2016/05/12 06:00 MHDA- 2017/02/07 06:00 CRDT- 2016/05/12 06:00 PHST- 2016/05/12 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/05/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/02/07 06:00 [medline] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2016 May;14(5 Suppl 9):3-6. PMID- 27139001 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180110 LR - 20180701 IS - 1531-698X (Electronic) IS - 1040-8703 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 4 DP - 2016 Aug TI - Evaluation and management of thyroid nodules in children. PG - 536-44 LID - 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000364 [doi] AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The review is focused on new information about the presentation and management of thyroid nodules in children and adolescents. RECENT FINDINGS: Palpable thyroid nodules are uncommon in children but many children have nodules detected by radiologic imaging. How to evaluate them, when to suspect thyroid cancer, and how best to follow apparently benign nodules has become an area of great interest. The American Thyroid Association recently published treatment guidelines for children with thyroid nodules and cancers but much has been learned since that publication. SUMMARY: Personal and family history, ultrasound features, and fine needle aspiration cytology are used to determine the risk of cancer in thyroid nodules, which are then managed according to cancer risk. FAU - Bauer, Andrew J AU - Bauer AJ AD - aDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia bDepartment of Pediatrics, The University of Pennsylvania, The Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Francis, Gary L AU - Francis GL LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review PL - United States TA - Curr Opin Pediatr JT - Current opinion in pediatrics JID - 9000850 SB - IM MH - *Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods MH - Child MH - Combined Modality Therapy MH - Evidence-Based Medicine MH - Humans MH - Medical History Taking/*methods MH - Physical Examination MH - Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - Thyroid Gland/diagnostic imaging/*pathology MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis/pathology/therapy MH - Thyroid Nodule/*diagnosis/pathology/*therapy MH - *Ultrasonography EDAT- 2016/05/04 06:00 MHDA- 2018/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2016/05/04 06:00 PHST- 2016/05/04 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/05/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/01/11 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000364 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Opin Pediatr. 2016 Aug;28(4):536-44. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000364. PMID- 27042004 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20161226 LR - 20181202 IS - 1177-8881 (Electronic) IS - 1177-8881 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2016 TI - Selective use of sorafenib in the treatment of thyroid cancer. PG - 1119-31 LID - 10.2147/DDDT.S82972 [doi] AB - Sorafenib is a multiple kinase inhibitor (MKI) approved for the treatment of primary advanced renal cell carcinoma and advanced primary liver cancer. It was recently approved by several health agencies around the world as the first available MKI treatment for radioactive iodine-refractory advanced and progressive differentiated thyroid cancer. Sorafenib targets C-RAF, B-RAF, VEGF receptor-1, -2, -3, PDGF receptor-β, RET, c-kit, and Flt-3. As a multifunctional inhibitor, sorafenib has the potential of inhibiting tumor growth, progression, metastasis, and angiogenesis and downregulating mechanisms that protect tumors from apoptosis and has shown to increase the progression-free survival in several Phase II trials. This led to the Phase III trial (DECISION) which showed that there was an improvement in progression-free survival of 5 months for patients on sorafenib when compared to those on placebo. Adverse events with this drug are common but usually manageable. The development of resistance after 1 or 2 years is almost a rule in most patients who showed partial response or stabilization of the disease while on sorafenib, which makes it necessary to think of a plan for subsequent therapies. These may include the use of another MKI, such as lenvatinib, the second approved MKI for advanced differentiated thyroid cancer, or include patients in clinical trials or the off-label use of other MKIs. Given sorafenib's earlier approval, most centers now have access to its prescription. The goal of this review was to improve the care of these patients by describing key aspects that all prescribers will need to master in order to optimize outcomes. FAU - Pitoia, Fabián AU - Pitoia F AD - Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clinicas - University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. FAU - Jerkovich, Fernando AU - Jerkovich F AD - Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clinicas - University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20160311 TA - Drug Des Devel Ther JT - Drug design, development and therapy JID - 101475745 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Phenylurea Compounds) RN - 25X51I8RD4 (Niacinamide) RN - 9ZOQ3TZI87 (Sorafenib) SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use MH - Cell Proliferation/drug effects MH - Humans MH - Niacinamide/*analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use MH - Phenylurea Compounds/*therapeutic use MH - Sorafenib MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology PMC - PMC4795584 OTO - NOTNLM OT - differentiated thyroid cancer OT - multiple kinase inhibitor OT - progression-free survival OT - radioiodine EDAT- 2016/04/05 06:00 MHDA- 2016/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2016/04/05 06:00 PHST- 2016/04/05 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/04/05 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/12/27 06:00 [medline] AID - dddt-10-1119 [pii] AID - 10.2147/DDDT.S82972 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016 Mar 11;10:1119-31. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S82972. eCollection 2016. PMID- 27013865 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20161005 LR - 20181113 IS - 1177-8881 (Electronic) IS - 1177-8881 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2016 TI - Spotlight on lenvatinib in the treatment of thyroid cancer: patient selection and perspectives. PG - 873-84 LID - 10.2147/DDDT.S93459 [doi] AB - Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, with over 60,000 cases reported per year in the US alone. The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased in the last several years. Patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) generally have a good prognosis. Metastatic DTC can often be treated in a targeted manner with radioactive iodine, but the ability to accumulate iodine is lost with decreasing differentiation. Until recently, chemotherapy was the only treatment in patients with advanced thyroid cancer, which is no longer amenable to therapy with radioactive iodine. The modest efficacy and significant toxicity of chemotherapy necessitated the need for urgent advances in the medical field. New insights in thyroid cancer biology propelled the development of targeted therapies for this disease, including the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib as salvage treatment for DTC. In 2015, the US Food and Drug Administration approved a second tyrosine kinase inhibitor, lenvatinib, for the treatment of radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer. Although associated with a significant progression-free survival improvement as compared to placebo in a large Phase III study (median progression-free survival 18.2 vs 3.6 months; hazard ratio 0.21; 99% confidence interval 0.14-0.31; P<0.001), the benefit of lenvatinib needs to be proved in the context of associated moderate to severe toxicities that require frequent dose reduction and delays. This article reviews the evidence supporting the use of lenvatinib as salvage therapy for radioactive iodine-refractory thyroid cancer, with a focus on the toxicity profile of this new therapy. FAU - Costa, Ricardo AU - Costa R AD - Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, IL, USA. FAU - Carneiro, Benedito A AU - Carneiro BA AD - Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, IL, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Chandra, Sunandana AU - Chandra S AD - Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, IL, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Pai, Sachin G AU - Pai SG AD - Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, IL, USA. FAU - Chae, Young Kwang AU - Chae YK AD - Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, IL, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Kaplan, Jason B AU - Kaplan JB AD - Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, IL, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Garrett, Hannah B AU - Garrett HB AD - Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, IL, USA. FAU - Agulnik, Mark AU - Agulnik M AD - Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, IL, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Kopp, Peter A AU - Kopp PA AD - Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. FAU - Giles, Francis J AU - Giles FJ AD - Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, IL, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. LA - eng GR - P30 CA060553/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20160229 TA - Drug Des Devel Ther JT - Drug design, development and therapy JID - 101475745 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Phenylurea Compounds) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Quinolines) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Protein-Tyrosine Kinases) RN - EE083865G2 (lenvatinib) SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects/pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic MH - Humans MH - *Patient Selection MH - Phenylurea Compounds/adverse effects/pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism MH - Quinolines/adverse effects/pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy/enzymology/genetics/pathology PMC - PMC4778792 OTO - NOTNLM OT - differentiated thyroid cancer OT - lenvatinib OT - targeted therapy OT - thyroid cancer OT - tyrosine kinse inhibitor EDAT- 2016/03/26 06:00 MHDA- 2016/10/07 06:00 CRDT- 2016/03/26 06:00 PHST- 2016/03/26 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/03/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/10/07 06:00 [medline] AID - dddt-10-873 [pii] AID - 10.2147/DDDT.S93459 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016 Feb 29;10:873-84. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S93459. eCollection 2016. PMID- 26884117 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170227 LR - 20170302 IS - 2299-8306 (Electronic) IS - 0423-104X (Linking) VI - 67 IP - 1 DP - 2016 TI - Well-differentiated thyroid cancer - are you overtreating your patients? PG - 60-6 LID - 10.5603/EP.2016.0009 [doi] AB - Over the last 50 years there has been a move towards more aggressive therapy for well-differentiated thyroid cancer. In recent times, however, international guidelines have shown some trend back towards a more conservative approach to treating low-risk patients. This review explores how the state of the art in well-differentiated thyroid cancer research has evolved in tandem with improvements in risk-stratification. A focus on the surgical approach to the primary thyroid tumour and the regional lymphatics in addition to the interplay between surgical decision making and the use of radioactive iodine are presented to allow the reader to determine whether they are now overtreating patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer. FAU - Nixon, Iain J AU - Nixon IJ AD - Consultant Head and Neck Surgeon, Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer, NHS Lothain, Edinburgh University. iainjnixon@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - Poland TA - Endokrynol Pol JT - Endokrynologia Polska JID - 0370674 RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use MH - Middle Aged MH - *Neoplasm Recurrence, Local MH - Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - Prognosis MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology/*therapy MH - Thyroidectomy OTO - NOTNLM OT - *papillary thyroid cancer OT - *thyroid cancer OT - *thyroid lobectomy OT - *thyroidectomy EDAT- 2016/02/18 06:00 MHDA- 2017/02/28 06:00 CRDT- 2016/02/18 06:00 PHST- 2015/11/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/11/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/02/18 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/02/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/02/28 06:00 [medline] AID - VM/OJS/J/43997 [pii] AID - 10.5603/EP.2016.0009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endokrynol Pol. 2016;67(1):60-6. doi: 10.5603/EP.2016.0009. PMID- 26867945 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20161213 LR - 20181113 IS - 1776-260X (Electronic) IS - 1776-2596 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 1 DP - 2016 Feb TI - Lenvatinib: A Review in Refractory Thyroid Cancer. PG - 115-22 LID - 10.1007/s11523-015-0416-3 [doi] AB - Lenvatinib (Lenvima®) is an oral, multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors 1, 2 and 3, fibroblast growth factor receptors 1, 2, 3 and 4, platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha, and RET and KIT signalling networks, which are implicated in tumour growth and maintenance. In the EU and USA, lenvatinib is indicated for the treatment of locally recurrent or metastatic progressive, radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC). This approval was based on the results of the randomized, double-blind, multinational, phase 3 SELECT study, in which lenvatinib significantly improved median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall response rate compared with placebo in patients with RR-DTC. The PFS benefit with lenvatinib was seen in all pre-specified subgroups, including patients who had received either one or no prior VEGF-targeted therapy. Moreover, the PFS benefit with lenvatinib was maintained regardless of BRAF or RAS mutation status. The safety and tolerability profile of lenvatinib in SELECT was consistent with that of other VEGF/VEGF receptor-targeted therapies and was mostly manageable. Hypertension was the most common treatment-related adverse event in lenvatinib-treated patients, but only infrequently led to discontinuation of the drug. Although not collected in SELECT, information on quality of life would be useful in assessing the overall impact of therapy on the patient. This notwithstanding, the data which are available indicate that lenvatinib is an effective and generally well-tolerated treatment option for patients with RR-DTC. Lenvatinib, therefore, offers an acceptable alternative to sorafenib--currently, the only other TKI approved for this indication. FAU - Frampton, James E AU - Frampton JE AD - , Springer, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, 0754, Auckland, New Zealand. demail@springer.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - France TA - Target Oncol JT - Targeted oncology JID - 101270595 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Phenylurea Compounds) RN - 0 (Quinolines) RN - EE083865G2 (lenvatinib) SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use MH - Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/*drug effects MH - Humans MH - Phenylurea Compounds/*therapeutic use MH - Prognosis MH - Quinolines/*therapeutic use MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy EDAT- 2016/02/13 06:00 MHDA- 2016/12/15 06:00 CRDT- 2016/02/13 06:00 PHST- 2016/02/13 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/02/13 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/12/15 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1007/s11523-015-0416-3 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s11523-015-0416-3 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Target Oncol. 2016 Feb;11(1):115-22. doi: 10.1007/s11523-015-0416-3. PMID- 26847830 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20161114 LR - 20181113 IS - 1559-0097 (Electronic) IS - 1046-3976 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 1 DP - 2016 Mar TI - Non-Coding RNAs in Thyroid Cancer. PG - 12-20 LID - 10.1007/s12022-016-9417-8 [doi] AB - Non-coding (nc)RNAs are divided into small ncRNAs and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small ncRNAS which are around 22 nucleotides in length that mediate post-transcriptional gene silencing. LncRNAs are greater than 200 bp in length. Each ncRNA can have multiple targets and can be regulated by multiple genetic factors. Because ncRNAs are not translated into proteins, they can only be detected at the nucleic acid level by in situ hybridization, by RT-PCR, or by sequencing which makes their detection more challenging in the routine pathology laboratory. A great deal of new information has accumulated about miRNAs in thyroid tissues during the past decade. Some of these studies have shown that deregulation of miRNAs may be useful in diagnostic pathology. Information about the role of lncRNA in the development of thyroid tumors is in the early stages of development, but new information is accumulating rapidly. In this review, we will discuss the recent progress in our understanding of the relationship between ncRNAs and the development of thyroid cancers and the potential uses of ncRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of thyroid tumors. FAU - Zhang, Ranran AU - Zhang R AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, 53792, USA. FAU - Hardin, Heather AU - Hardin H AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, 53792, USA. FAU - Chen, Jidong AU - Chen J AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, 53792, USA. FAU - Guo, Zhenying AU - Guo Z AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, 53792, USA. FAU - Lloyd, Ricardo V AU - Lloyd RV AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, 53792, USA. rvlloyd@wisc.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Endocr Pathol JT - Endocrine pathology JID - 9009288 RN - 0 (RNA, Untranslated) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *RNA, Untranslated MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics OTO - NOTNLM OT - In situ hybridization OT - MicroRNA OT - Non-coding RNA OT - Thyroid OT - Thyroid carcinoma OT - lncRNA EDAT- 2016/02/06 06:00 MHDA- 2016/11/15 06:00 CRDT- 2016/02/06 06:00 PHST- 2016/02/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/02/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/11/15 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1007/s12022-016-9417-8 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12022-016-9417-8 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocr Pathol. 2016 Mar;27(1):12-20. doi: 10.1007/s12022-016-9417-8. PMID- 26847808 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160908 LR - 20181202 IS - 2374-2445 (Electronic) IS - 2374-2437 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 4 DP - 2016 Apr TI - Toxic Effects of Sorafenib in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Compared With Other Cancers. PG - 529-34 LID - 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.5927 [doi] AB - IMPORTANCE: Sorafenib is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for metastatic, radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. However, adverse effects common to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor class occur at a noticeably higher rate with sorafenib use in thyroid cancer patients. The mechanism for this increase in toxic effects is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of the adverse effect profile of sorafenib in differentiated thyroid cancer and summarizes the literature regarding the frequency and etiology of selected adverse effects, with particular emphasis on the hand-foot skin reaction. EVIDENCE REVIEW: A PubMed database search for relevant literature on this topic published within the last 15 years was conducted. Publications dealing with sorafenib and any of its common adverse effects were considered; this included randomized trials, observational studies, case reports or case series, and pertinent review articles. Given the lack of widespread literature on the topic, articles were generally not excluded from consideration unless there were serious flaws in study design. FINDINGS: The DECISION trial of sorafenib in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer demonstrated significantly higher rates of common adverse effects, most notably hand-foot skin reaction, diarrhea, and hypertension, compared with sorafenib experience in renal or hepatocellular cancer. Other phase 2 and 3 trials have also consistently shown these differences. This review details the putative mechanisms behind the increase in toxic effects, but further work is needed to fully explain the toxic effects differential seen when using the same drug in different cancers. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: There is a distinct increase in the rate of occurrence of adverse effects of sorafenib when used in differentiated thyroid cancer compared with renal and hepatocellular cancer. While many theoretical explanations have been proposed, the exact mechanism for this differential in toxic effects remains unclear. FAU - Jean, Gary W AU - Jean GW AD - Department of Pharmacy Practice, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Dallas. FAU - Mani, Rene M AU - Mani RM AD - Veterans Affairs North Texas Health Care System, Dallas. FAU - Jaffry, Aliza AU - Jaffry A AD - Department of Pharmacy Practice, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Dallas. FAU - Khan, Saad A AU - Khan SA AD - Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - JAMA Oncol JT - JAMA oncology JID - 101652861 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Phenylurea Compounds) RN - 25X51I8RD4 (Niacinamide) RN - 9ZOQ3TZI87 (Sorafenib) SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*adverse effects MH - Carcinoma/*drug therapy MH - Humans MH - Neoplasms/drug therapy MH - Niacinamide/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives MH - Phenylurea Compounds/*adverse effects MH - Sorafenib MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*drug therapy EDAT- 2016/02/06 06:00 MHDA- 2016/09/09 06:00 CRDT- 2016/02/06 06:00 PHST- 2016/02/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/02/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/09/09 06:00 [medline] AID - 2485186 [pii] AID - 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.5927 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - JAMA Oncol. 2016 Apr;2(4):529-34. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.5927. PMID- 26733501 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20161024 LR - 20181113 IS - 1479-6821 (Electronic) IS - 1351-0088 (Print) IS - 1351-0088 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 3 DP - 2016 Mar TI - TERT promoter mutations in thyroid cancer. PG - R143-55 LID - 10.1530/ERC-15-0533 [doi] AB - The 2013 discovery of Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations chr5, 1,295,228 C>T (C228T) and 1,295,250 C>T (C250T) in thyroid cancer represents an important event in the thyroid cancer field and much progress has occurred since then. This article provides a comprehensive review of this exciting new thyroid cancer field. The oncogenic role of TERT promoter mutations involves their creation of consensus binding sites for E-twenty-six transcriptional factors. TERT C228T is far more common than TERT C250T and their collective prevalence is, on average, 0, 11.3, 17.1, 43.2 and 40.1% in benign thyroid tumors, papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), follicular thyroid cancer, poorly differentiated thyroid cancer and anaplastic thyroid cancer, respectively, displaying an association with aggressive types of thyroid cancer. TERT promoter mutations are associated with aggressive thyroid tumor characteristics, tumor recurrence and patient mortality as well as BRAF V600E mutation. Coexisting BRAF V600E and TERT promoter mutations have a robust synergistic impact on the aggressiveness of PTC, including a sharply increased tumor recurrence and patient mortality, while either mutation alone has a modest impact. Thus, TERT with promoter mutations represents a prominent new oncogene in thyroid cancer and the mutations are promising new diagnostic and prognostic genetic markers for thyroid cancer, which, in combination with BRAF V600E mutation or other genetic markers (e.g. RAS mutations), are proving to be clinically useful for the management of thyroid cancer. Future studies will specifically define such clinical utilities, elucidate the biological mechanisms and explore the potential as therapeutic targets of TERT promoter mutations in thyroid cancer. CI - © 2016 Society for Endocrinology. FAU - Liu, Rengyun AU - Liu R AD - Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid ResearchDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 333, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA. FAU - Xing, Mingzhao AU - Xing M AD - Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid ResearchDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 333, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA mxing1@jhmi.edu. LA - eng GR - R01 CA113507/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 CA189224/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01CA113507/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01CA189224/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Review DEP - 20160105 TA - Endocr Relat Cancer JT - Endocrine-related cancer JID - 9436481 RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (BRAF protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf) RN - EC 2.7.7.49 (Telomerase) RN - EC 3.6.5.2 (ras Proteins) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Mutation MH - Promoter Regions, Genetic MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics MH - Telomerase/*genetics MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics MH - ras Proteins/genetics PMC - PMC4750651 MID - NIHMS751198 OTO - NOTNLM OT - BRAF V600E mutation OT - TERT promoter mutation OT - diagnosis OT - genetic molecular markers OT - prognosis OT - telomerase reverse transcriptase OT - thyroid cancer EDAT- 2016/01/07 06:00 MHDA- 2016/10/25 06:00 PMCR- 2017/03/01 CRDT- 2016/01/07 06:00 PHST- 2015/12/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2017/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] PHST- 2016/01/07 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/01/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/10/25 06:00 [medline] AID - ERC-15-0533 [pii] AID - 10.1530/ERC-15-0533 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Endocr Relat Cancer. 2016 Mar;23(3):R143-55. doi: 10.1530/ERC-15-0533. Epub 2016 Jan 5. PMID- 26708854 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20161213 LR - 20181202 IS - 1743-9159 (Electronic) IS - 1743-9159 (Linking) VI - 28 Suppl 1 DP - 2016 Apr TI - THY3 cytology: What surgical treatment? Retrospective study and literature review. PG - S59-64 LID - S1743-9191(15)01448-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.05.060 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: THY3 nodules collects 20% of cytological examinations, with a rate of malignancy by about 20-30%, and represent one of the most controversial topics of scientific debate. In fact, differential diagnosis of follicular lesions, is very difficult, due to the inability of cytology to differentiate between adenomas and carcinomas. Surgery represents the only possible diagnostic and therapeutic approach, but on the type of surgery there is still absolute discordance of opinions. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 230 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for THY3 cytology between May 2007 and September 2013. Subsequently we re-evaluated our results assuming a conservative surgical approach in patients without preoperative contralateral pathological evidence. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Our results indicate an incidence of malignancy in THY3 cytology of 29.6% (n = 68/230), in line with literature data; multifocal bilateral carcinoma in 26.5% of patients; 37 incidental carcinomas (16.5%), 15 of which located contralateral at THY3 nodule; nodular hyperplasia in 52.2% of patients. So, according to a conservative surgery, among patients ideally underwent lobectomy (n = 110), we wouldn't recognize 10 of overall 105 malignancies (9.5%) (including bilateral tumors on THY3 and contralateral incidental carcinomas). Thus, these malignancies would be neither diagnosed nor removed during surgery. CONCLUSIONS: We believe these results allow to state that total thyroidectomy is oncologically the most appropriate intervention to make the patient "disease-free". Moreover, our study could serve as a motivation for further research, but maybe is needed a new Consensus Conference to define a surgical protocol universally recognized. CI - Copyright © 2015 IJS Publishing Group Limited. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Trombetta, Silvia AU - Trombetta S AD - General Surgery 1 Unit, Department Emergency and Acceptance, San Camillo - Forlanini Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense 87, 00152, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: silvia.trombetta@libero.it. FAU - Attinà, Grazia Maria AU - Attinà GM AD - General Surgery 1 Unit, Department Emergency and Acceptance, San Camillo - Forlanini Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense 87, 00152, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: graziamaria.attina@gmail.com. FAU - Ricci, Gabriele AU - Ricci G AD - General Surgery 1 Unit, Department Emergency and Acceptance, San Camillo - Forlanini Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense 87, 00152, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: gabrielericci79@yahoo.com. FAU - Ialongo, Pasquale AU - Ialongo P AD - Department Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology/Oncology - Ablation Therapy, San Camillo - Forlanini Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense 87, 00152, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: pialongo@scamilloforlanini.rm.it. FAU - Marini, Pierluigi AU - Marini P AD - General Surgery 1 Unit, Department Emergency and Acceptance, San Camillo - Forlanini Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense 87, 00152, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: pmarini@scamilloforlanini.rm.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20151218 PL - England TA - Int J Surg JT - International journal of surgery (London, England) JID - 101228232 SB - IM MH - Adenoma/epidemiology/pathology/surgery MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Biopsy, Fine-Needle MH - Carcinoma/epidemiology/pathology/surgery MH - Diagnosis, Differential MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Thyroid Nodule/epidemiology/*pathology/*surgery MH - Thyroidectomy MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cytology OT - Incidental carcinoma OT - Lobectomy OT - THY3 OT - Total thyroidectomy EDAT- 2015/12/29 06:00 MHDA- 2016/12/15 06:00 CRDT- 2015/12/29 06:00 PHST- 2015/04/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/05/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2015/05/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/12/29 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/12/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/12/15 06:00 [medline] AID - S1743-9191(15)01448-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.05.060 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Surg. 2016 Apr;28 Suppl 1:S59-64. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.05.060. Epub 2015 Dec 18. PMID- 26676147 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160912 LR - 20151217 IS - 1533-9866 (Electronic) IS - 0029-7828 (Linking) VI - 70 IP - 12 DP - 2015 Dec TI - Perinatal Considerations in Women With Previous Diagnosis of Cancer. PG - 765-72 LID - 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000255 [doi] AB - As the average age that women have their first child increases and cancer therapies improve survival, obstetricians are more likely to care for pregnant women who have survived cancer. Managing these pregnancies can be challenging, as they may be associated with higher risks of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Different types of cancer require different types of intervention, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, or combinations of these. Prior cancer treatments therefore present different potential complications during pregnancy. Although for most women who survive cancer carrying a pregnancy does not seem to increase mortality rates, there are some associated neonatal morbidities. The most common perinatal complication associated with pregnancy after cancer is prematurity. Women who desire pregnancy after cancer survival should not be discouraged, but appropriate counseling and follow-up should be provided. FAU - Landa, Alejandro AU - Landa A AD - Resident Physician, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. FAU - Kuller, Jeffrey AU - Kuller J AD - Professor. FAU - Rhee, Eleanor AU - Rhee E AD - Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Obstet Gynecol Surv JT - Obstetrical & gynecological survey JID - 0401007 SB - IM MH - Breast Neoplasms/*complications/therapy MH - Directive Counseling MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Melanoma/*complications MH - Perinatal Care MH - Pregnancy MH - Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic/*etiology MH - Pregnancy Outcome MH - Premature Birth/etiology MH - Prognosis MH - Skin Neoplasms/*complications MH - Survivors MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*complications/therapy MH - Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/*complications/therapy EDAT- 2015/12/18 06:00 MHDA- 2016/09/13 06:00 CRDT- 2015/12/18 06:00 PHST- 2015/12/18 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/12/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/09/13 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000255 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2015 Dec;70(12):765-72. doi: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000255. PMID- 26610771 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160907 LR - 20151127 IS - 1558-5042 (Electronic) IS - 1055-3207 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 1 DP - 2016 Jan TI - Management of Thyroid Nodular Disease: Current Cytopathology Classifications and Genetic Testing. PG - 1-16 LID - S1055-3207(15)00074-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.soc.2015.08.001 [doi] AB - Preoperative diagnosis and operative planning for patients with thyroid nodules has improved over the last decade. The Bethesda criteria for cytopathologic classification of thyroid nodule aspirate has enhanced communication between pathologists and clinicians. Multiple genetic tests, including molecular markers and the Afirma gene expression classifier, have been developed and validated. The tests, along with clinical and radiologic information, are most useful in the setting of indeterminate cytology. The development of an updated diagnostic and treatment algorithm incorporating all available tests will help standardize the management of patients with nodular thyroid disease and reduce variation and inefficiencies in care. CI - Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Kuo, Lindsay E AU - Kuo LE AD - Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 4 Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. FAU - Kelz, Rachel R AU - Kelz RR AD - Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 4 Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: Rachel.Kelz@uphs.upenn.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20151031 PL - United States TA - Surg Oncol Clin N Am JT - Surgical oncology clinics of North America JID - 9211789 SB - IM MH - Cytodiagnosis/methods MH - Gene Expression Profiling/methods MH - Genetic Testing MH - Humans MH - Thyroid Nodule/*classification/*diagnosis/*genetics OTO - NOTNLM OT - Afirma OT - Bethesda classification OT - Genetic testing OT - Molecular markers OT - Thyroid nodules EDAT- 2015/11/28 06:00 MHDA- 2016/09/08 06:00 CRDT- 2015/11/28 06:00 PHST- 2015/11/28 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/11/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/09/08 06:00 [medline] AID - S1055-3207(15)00074-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.soc.2015.08.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2016 Jan;25(1):1-16. doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2015.08.001. Epub 2015 Oct 31. PMID- 26525401 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170424 LR - 20170424 IS - 1553-3514 (Electronic) IS - 1553-3506 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 3 DP - 2016 Jun TI - Robotic Thyroidectomy Versus Nonrobotic Approaches: A Meta-Analysis Examining Surgical Outcomes. PG - 317-25 LID - 10.1177/1553350615613451 [doi] AB - Background Robotic surgery has been recently used as a novel tool for remote access thyroid surgery. We performed a meta-analysis of the current literature to examine the safety and oncological efficacy of robotic surgery compared to endoscopic and conventional approaches for different thyroid procedures. Methods A systematic search of the online data bases was done using the following (MeSH) terms "robotic surgery," "robotic thyroidectomy," "robot-assisted thyroidectomy," and "robot-assisted thyroid surgery." Outcomes measured included total operative time, length of hospital stay, postoperative thyroglobulin levels, and postoperative complications. Statistical differences were analyzed between groups through the standard means and/or relative risk by using STATA analytical software. Results In this study, 144 articles were identified; of which 18 of them met our inclusion criteria, totaling 4878 patients. Robotic approach was associated with longer total operative time (mean difference of 43.5 minutes) when compared to the conventional cervical approach (95% CI = 20.9-66.2; P < .001). Robotic approach was also found to have a similar risk of total postoperative complications when compared to the conventional and endoscopic approaches. Conclusion Robotic thyroid surgery is as safe, feasible and provides similar periperative complications and oncological outcomes when compared to both, conventional cervical and endoscopic approaches. However, robotic thyroid surgery is associated with longer operative time when compared to the conventional open approach. CI - © The Author(s) 2015. FAU - Kandil, Emad AU - Kandil E AD - Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA ekandil@tulane.edu. FAU - Hammad, AbdulRahman Y AU - Hammad AY AD - Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA. FAU - Walvekar, Rohan R AU - Walvekar RR AD - Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA. FAU - Hu, Tian AU - Hu T AD - Tulane University School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA, USA. FAU - Masoodi, Hammad AU - Masoodi H AD - Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA. FAU - Mohamed, Salah Eldin AU - Mohamed SE AD - Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA. FAU - Deniwar, Ahmed AU - Deniwar A AD - Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA. FAU - Stack, Brendan C Jr AU - Stack BC Jr AD - University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Review DEP - 20151102 PL - United States TA - Surg Innov JT - Surgical innovation JID - 101233809 SB - IM MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Laparoscopy/adverse effects/*methods MH - *Length of Stay MH - Male MH - Operative Time MH - Pain Measurement MH - Pain, Postoperative/epidemiology/physiopathology MH - Postoperative Complications/epidemiology/physiopathology MH - Prognosis MH - Risk Assessment MH - Robotic Surgical Procedures/adverse effects/*methods MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology/*surgery MH - Thyroidectomy/adverse effects/*methods MH - Treatment Outcome OTO - NOTNLM OT - *endoscopic surgery OT - *robotic surgery OT - *robotic thyroidectomy OT - *surgical outcomes OT - *thyroid surgery EDAT- 2015/11/04 06:00 MHDA- 2017/04/25 06:00 CRDT- 2015/11/04 06:00 PHST- 2015/11/04 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/11/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/04/25 06:00 [medline] AID - 1553350615613451 [pii] AID - 10.1177/1553350615613451 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Surg Innov. 2016 Jun;23(3):317-25. doi: 10.1177/1553350615613451. Epub 2015 Nov 2. PMID- 26348024 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160516 LR - 20160115 IS - 1934-6638 (Electronic) IS - 1934-662X (Linking) VI - 124 IP - 1 DP - 2016 Jan TI - Molecular cytopathology for thyroid nodules: A review of methodology and test performance. PG - 14-27 LID - 10.1002/cncy.21612 [doi] AB - Advances in the molecular characterization of thyroid cancers have fueled the development of genetic and gene expression-based tests for thyroid fine-needle aspirations. Collectively, these tests are designed to improve the diagnostic certainty of thyroid cytology. This review summarizes the early published experience with the commercially available versions of these tests: the Afirma Gene Expression Classifier, ThyGenX (formerly miRInform)/ThyraMIR, and ThyroSeq. Key differences in testing approaches and issues regarding test performance and interpretation are also discussed. CI - © 2015 American Cancer Society. FAU - Nishino, Michiya AU - Nishino M AD - Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20150908 PL - United States TA - Cancer Cytopathol JT - Cancer cytopathology JID - 101499453 SB - IM MH - Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods MH - Cytodiagnosis/methods MH - DNA Mutational Analysis/methods MH - Female MH - Gene Expression Profiling/*methods MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic MH - High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/*methods MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Protein Array Analysis/methods MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Thyroid Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology MH - Thyroid Nodule/*genetics/pathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - DNA mutational analysis OT - fine-needle aspiration biopsy OT - high-throughput nucleotide sequencing OT - microarray analysis OT - molecular diagnostic techniques OT - thyroid neoplasms EDAT- 2015/09/09 06:00 MHDA- 2016/05/18 06:00 CRDT- 2015/09/09 06:00 PHST- 2015/07/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/08/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2015/08/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/09/09 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/09/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/05/18 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1002/cncy.21612 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer Cytopathol. 2016 Jan;124(1):14-27. doi: 10.1002/cncy.21612. Epub 2015 Sep 8.