PMID- 23301754 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20130110 DCOM- 20130117 IS - 1533-4406 (Electronic) IS - 0028-4793 (Linking) VI - 368 IP - 2 DP - 2013 Jan 10 TI - Possible confusion in names of new treatments for prostate cancer. PG - 194 LID - 10.1056/NEJMc1213236 [doi] FAU - Garnick, Marc B AU - Garnick MB LA - eng PT - Letter PL - United States TA - N Engl J Med JT - The New England journal of medicine JID - 0255562 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - *Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Names MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy EDAT- 2013/01/11 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/18 06:00 CRDT- 2013/01/11 06:00 AID - 10.1056/NEJMc1213236 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - N Engl J Med. 2013 Jan 10;368(2):194. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1213236. PMID- 23228172 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20130110 DCOM- 20130117 LR - 20130211 IS - 1533-4406 (Electronic) IS - 0028-4793 (Linking) VI - 368 IP - 2 DP - 2013 Jan 10 TI - Abiraterone in metastatic prostate cancer without previous chemotherapy. PG - 138-48 LID - 10.1056/NEJMoa1209096 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Abiraterone acetate, an androgen biosynthesis inhibitor, improves overall survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer after chemotherapy. We evaluated this agent in patients who had not received previous chemotherapy. METHODS: In this double-blind study, we randomly assigned 1088 patients to receive abiraterone acetate (1000 mg) plus prednisone (5 mg twice daily) or placebo plus prednisone. The coprimary end points were radiographic progression-free survival and overall survival. RESULTS: The study was unblinded after a planned interim analysis that was performed after 43% of the expected deaths had occurred. The median radiographic progression-free survival was 16.5 months with abiraterone-prednisone and 8.3 months with prednisone alone (hazard ratio for abiraterone-prednisone vs. prednisone alone, 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45 to 0.62; P<0.001). Over a median follow-up period of 22.2 months, overall survival was improved with abiraterone-prednisone (median not reached, vs. 27.2 months for prednisone alone; hazard ratio, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.93; P=0.01) but did not cross the efficacy boundary. Abiraterone-prednisone showed superiority over prednisone alone with respect to time to initiation of cytotoxic chemotherapy, opiate use for cancer-related pain, prostate-specific antigen progression, and decline in performance status. Grade 3 or 4 mineralocorticoid-related adverse events and abnormalities on liver-function testing were more common with abiraterone-prednisone. CONCLUSIONS: Abiraterone improved radiographic progression-free survival, showed a trend toward improved overall survival, and significantly delayed clinical decline and initiation of chemotherapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. (Funded by Janssen Research and Development, formerly Cougar Biotechnology; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00887198.). AD - Genitourinary Medical Oncology Program, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA. ryanc@medicine.ucsf.edu FAU - Ryan, Charles J AU - Ryan CJ FAU - Smith, Matthew R AU - Smith MR FAU - de Bono, Johann S AU - de Bono JS FAU - Molina, Arturo AU - Molina A FAU - Logothetis, Christopher J AU - Logothetis CJ FAU - de Souza, Paul AU - de Souza P FAU - Fizazi, Karim AU - Fizazi K FAU - Mainwaring, Paul AU - Mainwaring P FAU - Piulats, Josep M AU - Piulats JM FAU - Ng, Siobhan AU - Ng S FAU - Carles, Joan AU - Carles J FAU - Mulders, Peter F A AU - Mulders PF FAU - Basch, Ethan AU - Basch E FAU - Small, Eric J AU - Small EJ FAU - Saad, Fred AU - Saad F FAU - Schrijvers, Dirk AU - Schrijvers D FAU - Van Poppel, Hendrik AU - Van Poppel H FAU - Mukherjee, Som D AU - Mukherjee SD FAU - Suttmann, Henrik AU - Suttmann H FAU - Gerritsen, Winald R AU - Gerritsen WR FAU - Flaig, Thomas W AU - Flaig TW FAU - George, Daniel J AU - George DJ FAU - Yu, Evan Y AU - Yu EY FAU - Efstathiou, Eleni AU - Efstathiou E FAU - Pantuck, Allan AU - Pantuck A FAU - Winquist, Eric AU - Winquist E FAU - Higano, Celestia S AU - Higano CS FAU - Taplin, Mary-Ellen AU - Taplin ME FAU - Park, Youn AU - Park Y FAU - Kheoh, Thian AU - Kheoh T FAU - Griffin, Thomas AU - Griffin T FAU - Scher, Howard I AU - Scher HI FAU - Rathkopf, Dana E AU - Rathkopf DE CN - COU-AA-302 Investigators LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00887198 PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20121210 PL - United States TA - N Engl J Med JT - The New England journal of medicine JID - 0255562 RN - 0 (Androstadienes) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal) RN - 154229-18-2 (17-(3-pyridyl)-5,16-androstadien-3beta-acetate) RN - 53-03-2 (Prednisone) SB - AIM SB - IM EIN - N Engl J Med. 2013 Feb 7;368(6):584 MH - Androstadienes/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Double-Blind Method MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Metastasis MH - Prednisone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/mortality/secondary MH - Survival Analysis IR - Boyce A FIR - Boyce, A IR - Costello A FIR - Costello, A IR - Davis I FIR - Davis, I IR - Ganju V FIR - Ganju, V IR - Horvath L FIR - Horvath, L IR - Lynch R FIR - Lynch, R IR - Marx G FIR - Marx, G IR - Parnis F FIR - Parnis, F IR - Shapiro J FIR - Shapiro, J IR - Singhal N FIR - Singhal, N IR - Slancar M FIR - Slancar, M IR - Van Hazel G FIR - Van Hazel, G IR - Wong S FIR - Wong, S IR - Yip D FIR - Yip, D IR - Carpentier P FIR - Carpentier, P IR - Luyten D FIR - Luyten, D IR - Rottey S FIR - Rottey, S IR - Van Aelst F FIR - Van Aelst, F IR - Cheng T FIR - Cheng, T IR - Chin J FIR - Chin, J IR - Ellard S FIR - Ellard, S IR - Fradet Y FIR - Fradet, Y IR - Gleave M FIR - Gleave, M IR - Joshua A FIR - Joshua, A IR - Klotz L FIR - Klotz, L IR - Martins H FIR - Martins, H IR - North S FIR - North, S IR - Abdel-Hamid S FIR - Abdel-Hamid, S IR - Colombel M FIR - Colombel, M IR - Flechon A FIR - Flechon, A IR - Haillot O FIR - Haillot, O IR - Joly F FIR - Joly, F IR - Oudard S FIR - Oudard, S IR - Priou F FIR - Priou, F IR - Raymond E FIR - Raymond, E IR - Albers P FIR - Albers, P IR - Boegemann M FIR - Boegemann, M IR - Gleissner J FIR - Gleissner, J IR - Gschwend J FIR - Gschwend, J IR - Hammerer P FIR - Hammerer, P IR - Heidenreich A FIR - Heidenreich, A IR - Kuczyk M FIR - Kuczyk, M IR - Miller K FIR - Miller, K IR - Oetzel R FIR - Oetzel, R IR - Roigas J FIR - Roigas, J IR - Steuber T FIR - Steuber, T IR - Stockle M FIR - Stockle, M IR - Wirth M FIR - Wirth, M IR - Papandreou C FIR - Papandreou, C IR - Bracarda S FIR - Bracarda, S IR - Marcello T FIR - Marcello, T IR - Sternberg C FIR - Sternberg, C IR - Bangma C FIR - Bangma, C IR - de Reijke T FIR - de Reijke, T IR - Arija J FIR - Arija, J Arranz IR - Bellmunt J FIR - Bellmunt, J IR - Lopez R FIR - Lopez, R IR - Lopez-Brea M FIR - Lopez-Brea, M IR - Bjartell A FIR - Bjartell, A IR - Damber J FIR - Damber, J IR - Haggman M FIR - Haggman, M IR - Hellstrom M FIR - Hellstrom, M IR - Seke M FIR - Seke, M IR - Brown J FIR - Brown, J IR - Chowdhury S FIR - Chowdhury, S IR - Elliott T FIR - Elliott, T IR - Harland S FIR - Harland, S IR - Innes H FIR - Innes, H IR - James N FIR - James, N IR - Jones R FIR - Jones, R IR - Mazhar D FIR - Mazhar, D IR - Paez E FIR - Paez, E IR - Protheroe A FIR - Protheroe, A IR - Staffurth J FIR - Staffurth, J IR - Ahmann F FIR - Ahmann, F IR - Andriole G FIR - Andriole, G IR - Arrowsmith E FIR - Arrowsmith, E IR - Assikis V FIR - Assikis, V IR - Baron A FIR - Baron, A IR - Berry W FIR - Berry, W IR - Bubley G FIR - Bubley, G IR - Carney J FIR - Carney, J IR - Chu L FIR - Chu, L IR - Cosgriff T FIR - Cosgriff, T IR - Denmeade S FIR - Denmeade, S IR - Deshpande H FIR - Deshpande, H IR - Duchene D FIR - Duchene, D IR - Ferrari A FIR - Ferrari, A IR - Frenkel E FIR - Frenkel, E IR - Gabrail N FIR - Gabrail, N IR - Garcia J FIR - Garcia, J IR - George D FIR - George, D IR - Gomella L FIR - Gomella, L IR - Goodman O FIR - Goodman, O IR - Gore I FIR - Gore, I IR - Gullo J FIR - Gullo, J IR - Hainsworth J FIR - Hainsworth, J IR - Hamid O FIR - Hamid, O IR - Hutson T FIR - Hutson, T IR - King D FIR - King, D IR - Koh H FIR - Koh, H IR - Koletsky A FIR - Koletsky, A IR - Kudrik F FIR - Kudrik, F IR - Lara P FIR - Lara, P IR - Lyons R FIR - Lyons, R IR - Maranchie J FIR - Maranchie, J IR - Modiano M FIR - Modiano, M IR - Nieva J FIR - Nieva, J IR - Nordquist L FIR - Nordquist, L IR - Pinski J FIR - Pinski, J IR - Poiesz B FIR - Poiesz, B IR - Polikoff J FIR - Polikoff, J IR - Quinn D FIR - Quinn, D IR - Redfern C FIR - Redfern, C IR - Riggs S FIR - Riggs, S IR - Ryan C FIR - Ryan, C IR - Saleh M FIR - Saleh, M IR - Sartor A FIR - Sartor, A IR - Scholz M FIR - Scholz, M IR - Shore N FIR - Shore, N IR - Srinivas S FIR - Srinivas, S IR - Vaishampaya U FIR - Vaishampaya, U IR - Vieweg J FIR - Vieweg, J IR - Vira M FIR - Vira, M IR - Vogelzang N FIR - Vogelzang, N IR - Wilding G FIR - Wilding, G IR - Wong Y FIR - Wong, Y IR - Belldegrun A FIR - Belldegrun, Arie IR - Kantoff PW FIR - Kantoff, Philip W IR - Carducci MA FIR - Carducci, Michael A IR - Vogelzang NJ FIR - Vogelzang, Nicholas J IR - Kelly WK FIR - Kelly, William K IR - Auchus RJ FIR - Auchus, Richard J IR - Meyers M FIR - Meyers, Michael IR - Rackoff W FIR - Rackoff, Wayne IR - Tran N FIR - Tran, NamPhuong IR - Yu M FIR - Yu, Margaret IR - Knoblauch R FIR - Knoblauch, Roland IR - Naini V FIR - Naini, Vahid IR - Matheny S FIR - Matheny, Shannon IR - Maul S FIR - Maul, Scott IR - Larsen J FIR - Larsen, Julie IR - Martin J FIR - Martin, Jason IR - Wawda H FIR - Wawda, Haneefa IR - Goffredo D FIR - Goffredo, David IR - Li J FIR - Li, Jinhui IR - Li S FIR - Li, Susan IR - Li B FIR - Li, Baoqing IR - Durve K FIR - Durve, Ketan IR - Morris MJ FIR - Morris, Michael J IR - Larson SM FIR - Larson, Steven M EDAT- 2012/12/12 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/18 06:00 CRDT- 2012/12/12 06:00 PHST- 2012/12/10 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1056/NEJMoa1209096 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - N Engl J Med. 2013 Jan 10;368(2):138-48. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1209096. Epub 2012 Dec 10. PMID- 23210401 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121205 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 1124-3562 (Print) IS - 1124-3562 (Linking) VI - 84 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Prostate cancer: what are the news in hormonal therapy? The role of GnRH antagonists. PG - 111-6 AB - The latest EAU guidelines on the evidence based-management of prostate cancer (P.Ca.), with regard to pharmacological androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), reiterate that the primary objective of hormonal therapy is to slow down the progression of the disease to the greatest possible extent. Degarelix a new product for the treatment of hormone-dependent P.Ca. has recently become available in Italy. This product is classified as a GnRH antagonist and provides safe and effective ADT. It completely blocks the synthesis and release of gonadotropins (LH and FSH), thus rapidly reducing the testosterone levels without causing clinical flare. The results of the clinical trials (36 months) demonstrate that degarelix, compared to high-dose leuprorelin (7.5 mg), suppresses levels of testosterone and PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) more rapidly and reduces levels of FSH and musculoskeletal events associated with treatment (pain, muscle weakness, spasms, oedema/joint stiffness, arthralgia, osteoporosis and osteopoenia) to a greater extent. In addition, these results demonstrate a significant increase in the probability of PSA progression-free survival, suggesting a possible delay in the onset of the "castration-resistant" stage. The information available to date supports the use of this new molecule as a valid alternative to GnRH agonists in the treatment of hormone-sensitive P.Ca. AD - Clinica Urologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Padova, Italy. filiberto.zattoni@unipd.it FAU - Zattoni, Filiberto AU - Zattoni F LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Italy TA - Arch Ital Urol Androl JT - Archivio italiano di urologia, andrologia : organo ufficiale [di] Societa italiana di ecografia urologica e nefrologica / Associazione ricerche in urologia JID - 9308247 RN - 0 (Oligopeptides) RN - 0 (acetyl-2-naphthylalanyl-3-chlorophenylalanyl-1-oxohexadecyl-seryl-4-aminophenyla lanyl(hydroorotyl)-4-aminophenylalanyl(carbamoyl)-leucyl-ILys-prolyl-alaninamide) RN - 33515-09-2 (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) SB - IM MH - Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*antagonists & inhibitors MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Oligopeptides/therapeutic use MH - Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy EDAT- 2012/12/06 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/12/06 06:00 PST - ppublish SO - Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2012 Sep;84(3):111-6. PMID- 23154772 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121116 DCOM- 20130121 IS - 1532-0979 (Electronic) IS - 0147-5185 (Linking) VI - 36 IP - 12 DP - 2012 Dec TI - Histologic criteria and pitfalls in the diagnosis of lymphovascular invasion in radical prostatectomy specimens. PG - 1865-73 LID - 10.1097/PAS.0b013e318262c3d0 [doi] AB - Lymphovascular invasion is a known independent prognostic factor in prostate cancer. The objective of this study is to describe reliable morphologic features for identification of lymphovascular invasion in prostatectomy specimens and avoid misinterpretation of its mimickers. A total of 364 foci of lymphovascular invasion were analyzed in 264 slides from 170 prostatectomies. The average tumor volume was 25.5%. Tumor emboli were seen inside the tumor (8%), at the front edge of the tumor (30%), separated from the tumor (32%), and distant from the tumor (30%). Tumor emboli were more frequent per case and more often in an extraprostatic location in lymph node-positive cases (P<0.05). One hundred thirty-four emboli were in a single thin-walled vessel, 227 were in a thin-walled vessel next to an artery, and 3 were seen inside an artery. Twenty-eight tumor emboli were attached to a vessel wall, 18 had proteinaceous material in the vascular lumen, and 14 were surrounded by erythrocytes. The following mimickers were seen: retraction artifact and perineural invasion-all cases; cancer impinging upon vascular space-45 foci; tangential sections of endothelium-10 foci; displacement of benign and collapsed malignant glands-16 and 27 foci, respectively; retraction with erythrocytes-3 cases; intravascular degenerating tumor cells-3 foci; malignant glands in atrophic ducts-4 foci; and myofibroblastic proliferation in thrombosed vessels-2 foci. In 50 stained blocks, CD31 and D2-40 immunostaining studies confirmed all lymphovascular invasions diagnosed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and demonstrated emboli in 47 lymphatic and 16 blood vessels. In summary, the current study identifies features of true lymphovascular invasion and how to distinguish them from mimickers on routine hematoxylin and eosin sections. AD - Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA. FAU - Kryvenko, Oleksandr N AU - Kryvenko ON FAU - Epstein, Jonathan I AU - Epstein JI LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Am J Surg Pathol JT - The American journal of surgical pathology JID - 7707904 RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) SB - IM MH - Artifacts MH - Biopsy MH - Blood Vessels/chemistry/*pathology MH - Carcinoma/blood supply/chemistry/*pathology/*surgery MH - Humans MH - Immunohistochemistry MH - Lymph Nodes/pathology MH - Lymphatic Metastasis MH - Lymphatic Vessels/chemistry/*pathology MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Neoplasm Invasiveness MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - *Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood supply/chemistry/*pathology/*surgery MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Tumor Burden MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/analysis EDAT- 2012/11/17 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2012/11/17 06:00 AID - 10.1097/PAS.0b013e318262c3d0 [doi] AID - 00000478-201212000-00015 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Surg Pathol. 2012 Dec;36(12):1865-73. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e318262c3d0. PMID- 23134890 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121121 DCOM- 20130125 IS - 1938-3207 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9165 (Linking) VI - 96 IP - 6 DP - 2012 Dec TI - Fatty acid patterns and risk of prostate cancer in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. PG - 1354-61 LID - 10.3945/ajcn.112.034157 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Fatty acids in blood may be related to the risk of prostate cancer, but epidemiologic evidence is inconsistent. Blood fatty acids are correlated through shared food sources and common endogenous desaturation and elongation pathways. Studies of individual fatty acids cannot take this into account, but pattern analysis can. Treelet transform (TT) is a novel method that uses data correlation structures to derive sparse factors that explain variation. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to gain further insight in the association between plasma fatty acids and risk of prostate cancer by applying TT to take data correlations into account. DESIGN: We reanalyzed previously published data from a case-control study of prostate cancer nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. TT was used to derive factors explaining the variation in 26 plasma phospholipid fatty acids of 962 incident prostate cancer cases matched to 1061 controls. Multiple imputation was used to deal with missing data in covariates. ORs of prostate cancer according to factor scores were determined by using multivariable conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Four simple factors explained 38% of the variation in plasma fatty acids. A high score on a factor reflecting a long-chain n-3 PUFA pattern was associated with greater risk of prostate cancer (OR for highest compared with lowest quintile: 1.36; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.86; P-trend = 0.041). CONCLUSION: Pattern analyses using TT groupings of correlated fatty acids indicate that intake or metabolism of long-chain n-3 PUFAs may be relevant to prostate cancer etiology. AD - Department of Cardiology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark. ccd@soci.au.dk FAU - Dahm, Christina C AU - Dahm CC FAU - Gorst-Rasmussen, Anders AU - Gorst-Rasmussen A FAU - Crowe, Francesca L AU - Crowe FL FAU - Roswall, Nina AU - Roswall N FAU - Tjonneland, Anne AU - Tjonneland A FAU - Drogan, Dagmar AU - Drogan D FAU - Boeing, Heiner AU - Boeing H FAU - Teucher, Birgit AU - Teucher B FAU - Kaaks, Rudolf AU - Kaaks R FAU - Adarakis, George AU - Adarakis G FAU - Zylis, Dimosthenes AU - Zylis D FAU - Trichopoulou, Antonia AU - Trichopoulou A FAU - Fedirko, Veronika AU - Fedirko V FAU - Chajes, Veronique AU - Chajes V FAU - Jenab, Mazda AU - Jenab M FAU - Palli, Domenico AU - Palli D FAU - Pala, Valeria AU - Pala V FAU - Tumino, Rosario AU - Tumino R FAU - Ricceri, Fulvio AU - Ricceri F FAU - van Kranen, Henk AU - van Kranen H FAU - Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas AU - Bueno-de-Mesquita HB FAU - Quiros, Jose R AU - Quiros JR FAU - Sanchez, Maria-Jose AU - Sanchez MJ FAU - Lujan-Barroso, Leila AU - Lujan-Barroso L FAU - Larranaga, Nerea AU - Larranaga N FAU - Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores AU - Chirlaque MD FAU - Ardanaz, Eva AU - Ardanaz E FAU - Johansson, Mattias AU - Johansson M FAU - Stattin, Par AU - Stattin P FAU - Khaw, Kay-Tee AU - Khaw KT FAU - Wareham, Nick AU - Wareham N FAU - Wark, Petra A AU - Wark PA FAU - Norat, Teresa AU - Norat T FAU - Riboli, Elio AU - Riboli E FAU - Key, Tim J AU - Key TJ FAU - Overvad, Kim AU - Overvad K LA - eng GR - British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom GR - Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom GR - Department of Health/United Kingdom GR - Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20121107 PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Nutr JT - The American journal of clinical nutrition JID - 0376027 RN - 0 (Fatty Acids) RN - 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-3) RN - 0 (Phospholipids) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Algorithms MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Cohort Studies MH - Europe/epidemiology MH - Fatty Acids/adverse effects/*blood/metabolism MH - Fatty Acids, Omega-3/adverse effects/blood/metabolism MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Phospholipids/*blood/chemistry MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood/epidemiology/etiology/pathology MH - Questionnaires MH - Risk MH - Statistics as Topic EDAT- 2012/11/09 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/26 06:00 CRDT- 2012/11/09 06:00 PHST- 2012/11/07 [aheadofprint] AID - ajcn.112.034157 [pii] AID - 10.3945/ajcn.112.034157 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Dec;96(6):1354-61. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.034157. Epub 2012 Nov 7. PMID- 23134882 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121121 DCOM- 20130125 IS - 1938-3207 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9165 (Linking) VI - 96 IP - 6 DP - 2012 Dec TI - Dietary intakes of carbohydrates in relation to prostate cancer risk: a prospective study in the Malmo Diet and Cancer cohort. PG - 1409-18 LID - 10.3945/ajcn.112.039438 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Dietary carbohydrates have been implicated in relation to prostate cancer. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to examine the associations between dietary intakes of carbohydrates, fiber, and their food sources and risk of prostate cancer, overall and by case severity, in the Malmo Diet and Cancer cohort. DESIGN: The analysis included 8128 men aged 45-73 y without a history of cancer, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes and who were classified as adequate energy reporters. After a median follow-up time of 15 y, prostate cancer was diagnosed in 817 men. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to model associations between energy-adjusted nutrient and food intakes with risk of incident prostate cancer, with competing risk of death from non-prostate cancer causes taken into account. RESULTS: After adjustment for age and other known or potential risk factors, we observed no associations between total carbohydrates or dietary fiber and prostate cancer. We observed positive associations between the intake of low-fiber cereals with overall and low-risk prostate cancer and between intakes of cake and biscuits and rice and pasta with low-risk prostate cancer (all P-trend < 0.05). A high intake compared with zero consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with increased risk of symptomatic prostate cancer (HR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.84). CONCLUSIONS: Results from this large study with high-validity dietary data suggest that a high intake of refined carbohydrates may be associated with increased risk of prostate cancer. However we observed no significant associations with high-risk prostate cancer, and not all foods that are typically high in refined carbohydrates were associated with prostate cancer. AD - Research Group in Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmo, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden. isabel.drake@med.lu.se FAU - Drake, Isabel AU - Drake I FAU - Sonestedt, Emily AU - Sonestedt E FAU - Gullberg, Bo AU - Gullberg B FAU - Ahlgren, Goran AU - Ahlgren G FAU - Bjartell, Anders AU - Bjartell A FAU - Wallstrom, Peter AU - Wallstrom P FAU - Wirfalt, Elisabet AU - Wirfalt E LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20121107 PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Nutr JT - The American journal of clinical nutrition JID - 0376027 RN - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates) RN - 0 (Dietary Sucrose) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - AIM SB - IM CIN - Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Dec;96(6):1249-51. PMID: 23134894 MH - Aged MH - Cohort Studies MH - Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage/*adverse effects MH - Dietary Fiber/administration & dosage MH - Dietary Sucrose/administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/epidemiology/*etiology/pathology MH - Questionnaires MH - Risk MH - Sweden/epidemiology EDAT- 2012/11/09 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/26 06:00 CRDT- 2012/11/09 06:00 PHST- 2012/11/07 [aheadofprint] AID - ajcn.112.039438 [pii] AID - 10.3945/ajcn.112.039438 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Dec;96(6):1409-18. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.039438. Epub 2012 Nov 7. PMID- 23118100 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121102 DCOM- 20130122 IS - 1748-880X (Electronic) IS - 0007-1285 (Linking) VI - 85 Spec No 1 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Current management of prostate cancer: dilemmas and trials. PG - S28-40 LID - 10.1259/bjr/13017671 [doi] AB - The past decade has witnessed significant advances in our understanding of the biology of prostate cancer. Androgen ablation/androgen receptor inhibition remains as the mainstay of treatment for advanced prostate cancer. Our understanding of the biology of prostate cancer has increased exponentially owing to advances in molecular biology. With this knowledge many intriguing issues have come to light, which clinicians and scientists alike strive to answer. These include why prostate cancer is so common, what drives the development of prostate cancer at a molecular level, why prostate cancer appears refractory to many families of cytotoxic chemotherapeutics, and why prostate cancer preferentially metastasizes to bone. Two clinical forms of prostate cancer have been identified: indolent organ confined disease, which elderly men often die of, and aggressive metastatic disease. A method of distinguishing between these two forms of the disease at an organ-confined stage remains elusive. Understanding the mechanisms of castrate resistance is a further issue of clinical importance. New trials of treatments, including molecular agents that target prostate cancer from a range of angles, have been instituted over the past 10-15 years. We can look at these trials not only as a chance to investigate the effectiveness of new treatments but also as an opportunity to further understand the complex biology of this disease. AD - Department of Surgery and Cancer, Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, UK. FAU - O'Hanlon Brown, C AU - O'Hanlon Brown C FAU - Waxman, J AU - Waxman J LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Br J Radiol JT - The British journal of radiology JID - 0373125 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use MH - *Clinical Trials as Topic MH - Disease Management MH - *Evidence-Based Medicine MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*physiopathology/*therapy MH - Radiotherapy/*trends MH - Treatment Failure EDAT- 2012/11/09 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2012/11/03 06:00 AID - 85/Special_Issue_1/S28 [pii] AID - 10.1259/bjr/13017671 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Radiol. 2012 Nov;85 Spec No 1:S28-40. doi: 10.1259/bjr/13017671. PMID- 23126653 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121106 DCOM- 20130125 LR - 20130204 IS - 1530-4396 (Print) IS - 1530-4396 (Linking) IP - 204 DP - 2011 Dec TI - An evidence review of active surveillance in men with localized prostate cancer. PG - 1-341 AB - BACKGROUND: Radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy for prostate cancer have side effects and unclear survival benefits for early stage and low-risk disease. Prostate cancer often has an indolent natural history, making observational management strategies potentially appealing. PURPOSE: To systematically review the role of active surveillance for triggers to begin curative treatment in men with low-risk prostate cancer. Key Questions address changes in prostate cancer characteristics over time, definitions of active surveillance and other observational strategies, factors affecting the offer of, acceptance of, and adherence to active surveillance, the comparative effectiveness of active surveillance with curative treatments, and research gaps. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE((R)), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and existing systematic reviews, evidence reports, and economic evaluations. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized controlled trials and nonrandomized comparative studies of treatments, multivariable association studies, and studies of temporal trends in prostate cancer natural history. Only published, peer-reviewed, English-language articles were selected based on predetermined eligibility criteria. DATA EXTRACTION: A standardized protocol was used to extract details on design, diagnoses, interventions, predictive factors, outcomes, and study validity. DATA SYNTHESIS: In total, 80 studies provided information on epidemiologic trends; 56 on definitions of active surveillance; 42 on factors affecting the offer of, acceptance of, or adherence to observational management strategies; and 26 on comparative effectiveness. Increased diagnosis of early-stage prostate cancer due to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, led to an increase in prostate cancer incidence from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s. The prostate cancer-specific mortality rate decreased for all age groups from the early-1990s to 1999. Currently, patients are diagnosed with earlier stage and lower risk prostate cancers compared to the pre-PSA era. Over time, a lower proportion of men received observational management versus active treatment, even among those with low-risk disease. There was no standardized definition of active surveillance. Sixteen cohorts used different monitoring protocols, all with different combinations of periodic digital rectal examination, PSA testing, rebiopsy, and/or imaging findings. Predictors that a patient received no initial active treatment generally included older age, presence of comorbidities, lower Gleason score, lower tumor stage, lower diagnostic PSA, and lower disease progression risk group. No trial provided results comparing men with localized disease on active surveillance with surgery or radiation therapy. LIMITATIONS: Because of the nonstandardized usages of the terms "active surveillance" and "watchful waiting" and their intended and often mixed (both curative and palliative) treatment objectives, it was difficult to determine which study patients received active monitoring for triggers indicative of curative treatment and which observation for clinical symptoms indicative of palliative treatment. CONCLUSIONS: More men are being diagnosed with early stage prostate cancer. Whether active monitoring with a curative intent is an appropriate option for these men remains unclear. A standard, universally agreed-upon definition of active surveillance that clearly distinguishes it from watchful waiting and other observational management strategies is needed to help clarify scientific discourse on this topic. Ongoing clinical trials may provide information on the comparative effectiveness of active surveillance compared to immediate active treatment, but will require long term followup. FAU - Ip, Stanley AU - Ip S FAU - Dahabreh, Issa J AU - Dahabreh IJ FAU - Chung, Mei AU - Chung M FAU - Yu, Winifred W AU - Yu WW FAU - Balk, Ethan M AU - Balk EM FAU - Iovin, Ramon C AU - Iovin RC FAU - Mathew, Paul AU - Mathew P FAU - Luongo, Tony AU - Luongo T FAU - Dvorak, Tomas AU - Dvorak T FAU - Lau, Joseph AU - Lau J LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review PL - United States TA - Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) JT - Evidence report/technology assessment JID - 101082681 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Disease Progression MH - Evidence-Based Medicine MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology/therapy MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - *Watchful Waiting EDAT- 2012/11/07 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/26 06:00 CRDT- 2012/11/07 06:00 PST - ppublish SO - Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep). 2011 Dec;(204):1-341. PMID- 23107398 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121030 DCOM- 20130108 IS - 1527-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0090-4295 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Role of immediate confirmatory prostate biopsy to ensure accurate eligibility for active surveillance. PG - 1070-4 LID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.049 [doi] LID - S0090-4295(12)00871-0 [pii] AB - OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of confirmatory prostate biopsy in the accurate risk assessment of patients with low risk prostate cancer eligible for active surveillance. METHODS: Patients electing active surveillance of their low grade, low volume prostate cancer with prostate-specific antigen <20 ng/mL, 2 core involvement or Gleason 7 disease on subsequent biopsies. Prostate-specific antigen, total number of cores on initial and rebiopsy, the presence of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and prostate-specific antigen density, when available, were assessed as predictors of biopsy progression. RESULTS: Sixty patients were included. Median time to rebiopsy was 2 months. Nineteen patients (31.7%) had findings that excluded them from active surveillance. Despite rebiopsy findings, 7 patients elected for active surveillance, all of which eventually underwent treatment for continued biopsy progression. Of the 41 patients eligible for active surveillance after rebiopsy, 8% elected treatment, 74% remained on active surveillance, and 13% experienced biopsy progression. No cancer on rebiopsy was associated with a reduced risk of progression to treatment on active surveillance (odds ratio 0.14, P = .011). A microfocus of Gleason 4 pattern (odds ratio 16.0, P = .04) and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (odds ratio 7.29, P = .03) on initial biopsy were independent predictors of immediate rebiopsy progression. Prostate-specific antigen, prostate-specific antigen density, and the total number of cores were not significant. CONCLUSION: Confirmatory rebiopsy aids in the accurate identification of low-risk patients for active surveillance as one-third are initially undergraded. Patients with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and any Gleason pattern 4 on initial biopsy are at highest risk and should be counseled regarding the risks of progression on active surveillance accordingly. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Urology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA. pm2333@columbia.edu FAU - Motamedinia, Piruz AU - Motamedinia P FAU - RiChard, Jamie L AU - RiChard JL FAU - McKiernan, James M AU - McKiernan JM FAU - DeCastro, G Joel AU - DeCastro GJ FAU - Benson, Mitchell C AU - Benson MC LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Urology JT - Urology JID - 0366151 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - *Biopsy, Needle MH - Disease Progression MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Staging/*methods MH - New York/epidemiology MH - Prognosis MH - Prostate/*pathology MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/epidemiology/*pathology MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Risk Assessment/*methods MH - Survival Rate/trends EDAT- 2012/10/31 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/09 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/31 06:00 PHST- 2012/02/14 [received] PHST- 2012/06/19 [revised] PHST- 2012/07/29 [accepted] AID - S0090-4295(12)00871-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.049 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urology. 2012 Nov;80(5):1070-4. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.049. PMID- 23107397 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121030 DCOM- 20130108 IS - 1527-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0090-4295 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Prostate cancers of different zonal origin: clinicopathological characteristics and biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy. PG - 1063-9 LID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.08.012 [doi] LID - S0090-4295(12)00905-3 [pii] AB - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of prostate cancer zonal origin on the biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy, to analyze clinicopathological features of tumors arising in different zones and to test the ability of the nomogram to predict the probability of transition zone cancer at radical prostatectomy. METHODS: Our cohort consisted of 1441 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy who did not receive neoadjuvant treatment. Clinicopathological characteristics and biochemical outcomes were compared between the groups of men with different zonal location of prostate cancer. Performance of the nomogram in predicting cancer location was evaluated with respect to discrimination and calibration. RESULTS: The rates of positive margin were similar in men with transition zone and mixed tumors and were significantly higher than those with peripheral zone tumors. Most of the positive margins in patients with transition zone and mixed cancers were located at the apico-anterior part of the gland. On multivariate analysis, transition zone cancer location was associated with better biochemical recurrence-free survival (P = .043). The Harrel c-index of the models that did and did not include zonal origin of cancer was 0.810 and 0.807, respectively. Performance of the nomogram was poor. CONCLUSION: The association between transition zone tumor origin and the risk of biochemical recurrence does not add important predictive value to the standard prognostic factors. Although information about the risk of prostate cancer involvement of the transition zone may be important for surgical planning, our ability to predict this risk preoperatively is limited. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33101, USA. viremashvili@med.miami.edu FAU - Iremashvili, Viacheslav AU - Iremashvili V FAU - Pelaez, Liset AU - Pelaez L FAU - Jorda, Merce AU - Jorda M FAU - Manoharan, Muragesan AU - Manoharan M FAU - Rosenberg, Daniel L AU - Rosenberg DL FAU - Soloway, Mark S AU - Soloway MS LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Urology JT - Urology JID - 0366151 RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Biopsy MH - Florida/epidemiology MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/blood/mortality/pathology MH - *Neoplasm Staging MH - Postoperative Period MH - Prognosis MH - Prostate/pathology/surgery MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - *Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/*pathology/surgery MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Survival Rate/trends MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/*blood EDAT- 2012/10/31 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/09 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/31 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/24 [received] PHST- 2012/07/29 [revised] PHST- 2012/08/06 [accepted] AID - S0090-4295(12)00905-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.08.012 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urology. 2012 Nov;80(5):1063-9. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.08.012. PMID- 23107396 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121030 DCOM- 20130108 IS - 1527-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0090-4295 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Socioeconomic and clinical factors influence the interval between positive prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy. PG - 1027-32 LID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.01.008 [doi] LID - S0090-4295(12)00026-X [pii] AB - OBJECTIVE: To examine socioeconomic and clinical factors that may predict a longer interval between prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy (RP). METHODS: The Columbia University Urologic Oncology Database was queried for patients who underwent RP from 1990-2010. Time to surgery (TTS) was defined as the period between the most recent positive prostate biopsy and date of surgery. Clinical factors examined included: age, D'Amico risk group, year of surgery, body mass index, and comorbidities. Socioeconomic factors included race/ethnicity, relationship status, income, and distance to treatment center. The relationship between clinical/socioeconomic factors and TTS was evaluated using univariate and multivariate regression models. RESULTS: Two-thousand five-hundred seventy-three patients were included in the analysis. Median TTS was 48 days (IQR 35-70, range 43-1103), and 71% of patients underwent RP within 60 days after the most recent positive biopsy. On multivariate analysis, living further from the medical center was associated with shorter TTS (P = .01), whereas more recent year of surgery (P = .01), comorbid cardiovascular disease (P = .007), African-American (P = .005) or Hispanic race (P = .005), divorced relationship status (P = .01), and lower income (P = .003) were all associated with longer TTS. CONCLUSION: Patients often experience widely variable intervals between the diagnosis and treatment of localized prostate cancer. Longer intervals before surgery may point to disparities in access to prostate cancer care, and not increased decision-making time by the patient. CI - Copyright (c) 2012. Published by Elsevier Inc. AD - Department of Urology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA. FAU - Pitman, Max AU - Pitman M FAU - Korets, Ruslan AU - Korets R FAU - Kates, Max AU - Kates M FAU - Hruby, Gregory W AU - Hruby GW FAU - McKiernan, James M AU - McKiernan JM LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Urology JT - Urology JID - 0366151 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - *Biopsy MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Prognosis MH - Prostate/*pathology/surgery MH - *Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*epidemiology/pathology/surgery MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Socioeconomic Factors MH - Survival Rate/trends MH - Time Factors MH - United States/epidemiology EDAT- 2012/10/31 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/09 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/31 06:00 PHST- 2011/09/22 [received] PHST- 2011/12/12 [revised] PHST- 2012/01/06 [accepted] AID - S0090-4295(12)00026-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.01.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urology. 2012 Nov;80(5):1027-32. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.01.008. PMID- 23104210 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121107 DCOM- 20130111 IS - 1460-2105 (Electronic) IS - 0027-8874 (Linking) VI - 104 IP - 21 DP - 2012 Nov 7 TI - Predictors of adverse smoking outcomes in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. PG - 1647-59 LID - 10.1093/jnci/djs398 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The impact of lung cancer screening on smoking behavior is unclear. The aims of this ancillary study of the Prostate Lung Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial were to produce risk prediction models to identify individuals at risk of relapse or continued smoking and to evaluate whether cancer-screening variables affect long-term smoking outcomes. METHODS: Participants completed a baseline questionnaire at trial enrollment and a supplemental questionnaire 4-14 years after enrollment, which assessed several cancer-related variables, including family history of cancer, comorbidities, and tobacco use. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to predict smoking status at completion of the supplemental questionnaire. The models' predictive performances were evaluated by assessing discrimination via the receiver operator characteristic area under the curve (ROC AUC) and calibration. Models were internally validated using bootstrap methods. RESULTS: Of the 31 694 former smokers on the baseline questionnaire, 1042 (3.3%) had relapsed (ie, reported being a current smoker on the supplemental questionnaire). Of the 6807 current smokers on the baseline questionnaire, 4439 (65.2%) reported continued smoking on the supplemental questionnaire. Relapse was associated with multiple demographic, medical, and tobacco-related characteristics. This model had a bootstrap median ROC AUC of 0.862 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.858 to 0.866) and a calibration slope of 1.004 (95% CI = 0.978 to 1.029), indicating excellent discrimination and calibration. Predictors of continued smoking also included multiple demographic, medical, and tobacco-related characteristics. This model had an ROC AUC of 0.611 (95% CI = 0.605 to 0.614) and a slope of 1.006 (95% CI = 0.962 to 1.041), indicating modest discrimination. Neither the trial arm nor the lung-screening result was statistically significantly associated with smoking outcomes. CONCLUSION: These models, if validated externally, may have public health utility in identifying individuals at risk for adverse smoking outcomes, who may benefit from relapse prevention and smoking cessation interventions. AD - Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA. FAU - Barry, Samantha A AU - Barry SA FAU - Tammemagi, Martin C AU - Tammemagi MC FAU - Penek, Sofiya AU - Penek S FAU - Kassan, Elisabeth C AU - Kassan EC FAU - Dorfman, Caroline S AU - Dorfman CS FAU - Riley, Thomas L AU - Riley TL FAU - Commin, John AU - Commin J FAU - Taylor, Kathryn L AU - Taylor KL LA - eng GR - N01-CN-25522/CN/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20121026 PL - United States TA - J Natl Cancer Inst JT - Journal of the National Cancer Institute JID - 7503089 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Area Under Curve MH - Clinical Trials as Topic MH - Colorectal Neoplasms/etiology/*mortality/prevention & control MH - Comorbidity MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - *Early Detection of Cancer MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Logistic Models MH - Lung Neoplasms/etiology/*mortality/prevention & control MH - Male MH - Mass Screening MH - Middle Aged MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - Ovarian Neoplasms/etiology/*mortality/prevention & control MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/etiology/*mortality/prevention & control MH - Questionnaires MH - ROC Curve MH - Recurrence MH - Smoking/*adverse effects/*epidemiology MH - Smoking Cessation MH - United States/epidemiology PMC - PMC3490843 OID - NLM: PMC3490843 EDAT- 2012/10/30 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/12 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/30 06:00 PMCR- 2013/11/07 00:00 PHST- 2012/10/26 [aheadofprint] AID - djs398 [pii] AID - 10.1093/jnci/djs398 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Natl Cancer Inst. 2012 Nov 7;104(21):1647-59. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djs398. Epub 2012 Oct 26. PMID- 23086769 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121022 DCOM- 20130116 LR - 20130124 IS - 1943-7722 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9173 (Linking) VI - 138 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Correlation of urine TMPRSS2:ERG and PCA3 to ERG+ and total prostate cancer burden. PG - 685-96 LID - 10.1309/AJCPU7PPWUPYG8OH [doi] AB - ERG rearrangements (most commonly transmembrane protease, serine 2 [TMPRSS2]:ERG [T2:ERG] gene fusions) have been identified in approximately 50% of prostate cancers . Quantification of T2:ERG in postdigital rectal examination urine, in combination with PCA3, improves the performance of serum prostate-specific antigen for prostate cancer prediction on biopsy. Here we compared urine T2:ERG and PCA3 scores with ERG+ (determined with immunohistochemical analysis) and total prostate cancer burden in 41 mapped prostatectomies. Prostatectomies had a median of 3 tumor foci (range, 1-15) and 2.6 cm of summed linear tumor dimension (range, 0.6-7.1 cm). Urine T2:ERG score correlated most with summed linear ERG+ tumor dimension and number of ERG+ foci (r(s) = 0.68 and 0.67, respectively, both P < .001). Urine PCA3 score showed weaker correlation with both number of tumor foci (r(s) = 0.34, P = .03) and summed linear tumor dimension (r(s) = 0.26, P = .10). In summary, we demonstrate a strong correlation between urine T2:ERG score and total ERG+ prostate cancer burden at prostatectomy, consistent with high tumor specificity. AD - Dept of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. FAU - Young, Allison AU - Young A FAU - Palanisamy, Nallasivam AU - Palanisamy N FAU - Siddiqui, Javed AU - Siddiqui J FAU - Wood, David P AU - Wood DP FAU - Wei, John T AU - Wei JT FAU - Chinnaiyan, Arul M AU - Chinnaiyan AM FAU - Kunju, Lakshmi P AU - Kunju LP FAU - Tomlins, Scott A AU - Tomlins SA LA - eng GR - P50 CA069568/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P50 CA69568/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 CA111275/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 CA111275/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 CA113913/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Pathol JT - American journal of clinical pathology JID - 0370470 RN - 0 (ERG protein, human) RN - 0 (Oncogene Proteins, Fusion) RN - 0 (Trans-Activators) RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) RN - EC 3.4.21.- (Serine Endopeptidases) RN - EC 3.4.21.- (TMPRSS2 protein, human) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Oncogene Fusion MH - Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/urine MH - Prostate/*pathology/surgery MH - Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology/surgery/*urine MH - Serine Endopeptidases/*urine MH - Trans-Activators/*urine MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/*urine EDAT- 2012/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/17 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/23 06:00 AID - 138/5/685 [pii] AID - 10.1309/AJCPU7PPWUPYG8OH [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Pathol. 2012 Nov;138(5):685-96. doi: 10.1309/AJCPU7PPWUPYG8OH. PMID- 23084533 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121022 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1558-318X (Electronic) IS - 0094-0143 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Management of docetaxel failures in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. PG - 583-91 LID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.013 [doi] LID - S0094-0143(12)00074-2 [pii] AB - The treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer has evolved since the approval of docetaxel-based therapy. Since docetaxel approval, three new agents have gained approval for this indication: sipuleucel-T, cabazitaxel, and abiraterone. Recent Phase III trials have also demonstrated survival benefits for MDV-3100 and radium-223 though regulatory approval ispending. Practicing physicians face the challenge of determining the optimal sequencing of these new agents. This dilemma is particularly relevant to the post-docetaxel setting, in which the indication for several of these agents overlaps. This article details the efficacy and safety of these agents to provide a framework for their clinical use. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Medical Oncology & Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA. FAU - Pal, Sumanta K AU - Pal SK FAU - Lewis, Brian AU - Lewis B FAU - Sartor, Oliver AU - Sartor O LA - eng GR - K12 2K12CA001727-16A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Review DEP - 20120829 PL - United States TA - Urol Clin North Am JT - The Urologic clinics of North America JID - 0423221 RN - 0 (Androstenols) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (MDV 3100) RN - 0 (Receptors, Androgen) RN - 0 (Taxoids) RN - 0 (cabazitaxel) RN - 114977-28-5 (docetaxel) RN - 154229-19-3 (abiraterone) RN - 2010-15-3 (Phenylthiohydantoin) RN - 7440-14-4 (Radium) RN - EC 1.14.99.9 (Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Androstenols/pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage/chemistry/pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent MH - Phenylthiohydantoin/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/secondary MH - Radium/therapeutic use MH - Receptors, Androgen/drug effects MH - Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase/drug effects MH - Taxoids/administration & dosage/chemistry/*therapeutic use MH - Treatment Failure EDAT- 2012/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/23 06:00 PHST- 2012/08/29 [aheadofprint] AID - S0094-0143(12)00074-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.013 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urol Clin North Am. 2012 Nov;39(4):583-91. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.013. Epub 2012 Aug 29. PMID- 23084532 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121022 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1558-318X (Electronic) IS - 0094-0143 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Nov TI - The experience with cytotoxic chemotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. PG - 573-81 LID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.012 [doi] LID - S0094-0143(12)00073-0 [pii] AB - This article reviews the initial experience with chemotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and outlines some of the ongoing clinical trials in this area. In addition, the authors outline current knowledge on outcomes of patients treated with taxane-based chemotherapy on retrospective analysis of randomized trials. These data are intended to provide physicians and patients with a general idea on the outcomes of men with mCRPC that may facilitate clinical decisions as well as the design and evaluation of clinical trials. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. eisenma@jhmi.edu FAU - Eisenberger, Mario A AU - Eisenberger MA FAU - Antonarakis, Emmanuel S AU - Antonarakis ES LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Urol Clin North Am JT - The Urologic clinics of North America JID - 0423221 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal) RN - 0 (Cytotoxins) RN - 0 (Taxoids) RN - 0 (cabazitaxel) RN - 114977-28-5 (docetaxel) RN - 2998-57-4 (Estramustine) RN - 65271-80-9 (Mitoxantrone) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*administration & dosage/therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use MH - Cytotoxins/*therapeutic use MH - Disease Progression MH - Drug Therapy, Combination MH - Estramustine/therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Mitoxantrone/therapeutic use MH - Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/drug therapy MH - Prognosis MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy/*secondary MH - Taxoids/*administration & dosage/*therapeutic use MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/23 06:00 AID - S0094-0143(12)00073-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.012 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urol Clin North Am. 2012 Nov;39(4):573-81. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.012. PMID- 23084531 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121022 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1558-318X (Electronic) IS - 0094-0143 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Advanced clinical states in prostate cancer. PG - 561-71 LID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.011 [doi] LID - S0094-0143(12)00059-6 [pii] AB - The classification of clinical disease states within advanced prostate cancer is set apart from other solid tumors largely through measurement of prostate-specific antigen in the blood. This testing has allowed the distinction between the castration-sensitive and the castration-resistant states, to complement radiographic distinction within advanced prostate cancer. This has paved the way for advances in prognostication and treatment of patients within a heterogeneous disease group. Currently used clinical classifications have limitations and continue to evolve. The authors define the current disease states and discuss implications for prognosis and treatment decisions, as well as the limitations of existing classifications and emerging discoveries. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. hhcheng@u.washington.edu FAU - Cheng, Heather H AU - Cheng HH FAU - Lin, Daniel W AU - Lin DW FAU - Yu, Evan Y AU - Yu EY LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20120912 PL - United States TA - Urol Clin North Am JT - The Urologic clinics of North America JID - 0423221 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Cancer Vaccines) RN - 0 (Taxoids) RN - 0 (Tissue Extracts) RN - 0 (sipuleucel-T) RN - 114977-28-5 (docetaxel) RN - 33515-09-2 (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use MH - Bone Neoplasms/secondary MH - Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use MH - Disease Progression MH - Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/agonists MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local MH - Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/blood/drug therapy/*therapy MH - Orchiectomy MH - Prognosis MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/drug therapy/pathology/secondary/*therapy MH - Taxoids/therapeutic use MH - Tissue Extracts/therapeutic use EDAT- 2012/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/23 06:00 PHST- 2012/09/12 [aheadofprint] AID - S0094-0143(12)00059-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.011 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urol Clin North Am. 2012 Nov;39(4):561-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.011. Epub 2012 Sep 12. PMID- 23084530 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121022 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1558-318X (Electronic) IS - 0094-0143 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Targeting angiogenesis as a promising modality for the treatment of prostate cancer. PG - 547-60 LID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.010 [doi] LID - S0094-0143(12)00058-4 [pii] AB - Antiangiogenic therapy has been successful for the treatment of solid tumors. Several strategies have been used to target angiogenesis in prostate cancer. These strategies include blocking proangiogenic factors via monoclonal antibodies or small molecule inhibitors targeting downstream signaling effector pathways, or using agents with immune-modulatory effects. This review examines the general concepts of tumor angiogenesis and the key clinical trials that have used these agents and other novel biologics in prostate cancer. Targeting angiogenesis is still a promising treatment strategy in prostate cancer with a rational trial design and combination approach. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Jefferson Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. Jianqing.lin@jefferson.edu FAU - Lin, Jianqing AU - Lin J FAU - Kelly, William K AU - Kelly WK LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Urol Clin North Am JT - The Urologic clinics of North America JID - 0423221 RN - 0 (Angiogenesis Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Anilides) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized) RN - 0 (Indoles) RN - 0 (Pyridines) RN - 0 (Pyrroles) RN - 0 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A) RN - 0 (bevacizumab) RN - 0 (cabozantinib) RN - 0 (sunitinib) RN - 50-35-1 (Thalidomide) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Angiogenesis Inhibitors/*therapeutic use MH - Anilides/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Disease Progression MH - Drug Therapy, Combination MH - Humans MH - Indoles/therapeutic use MH - Male MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/metabolism/*physiopathology MH - Pyridines/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Pyrroles/therapeutic use MH - Signal Transduction/drug effects/physiology MH - Thalidomide/adverse effects MH - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism/therapeutic use EDAT- 2012/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/23 06:00 AID - S0094-0143(12)00058-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urol Clin North Am. 2012 Nov;39(4):547-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.010. PMID- 23084528 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121022 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1558-318X (Electronic) IS - 0094-0143 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Targeted therapies in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: beyond the androgen receptor. PG - 517-31 LID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.008 [doi] LID - S0094-0143(12)00056-0 [pii] AB - Prostate cancer is the most common male cancer and one of the top causes of male cancer-related death in Western countries. Most patients with prostate cancer respond to initial androgen deprivation therapy but eventually progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Although androgen receptor signaling remains the main driver in CRPC, a growing body of evidence suggests that other pathways are involved in this progression. This article reviews the preclinical data and current status of clinical trials therapeutically targeting tubulin, DNA repair, molecular chaperones such as CLU and Hsp27, tyrosine kinases, and DNA repair. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. FAU - Loriot, Yohann AU - Loriot Y FAU - Zoubeidi, Amina AU - Zoubeidi A FAU - Gleave, Martin E AU - Gleave ME LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20120901 PL - United States TA - Urol Clin North Am JT - The Urologic clinics of North America JID - 0423221 RN - 0 (Epothilones) RN - 0 (Pyrimidines) RN - 0 (Receptors, Androgen) RN - 0 (Taxoids) RN - 0 (Thiazoles) RN - 0 (cabazitaxel) RN - 302962-49-8 (dasatinib) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (MET protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met) RN - K27005NP0A (ixabepilone) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Bone Neoplasms/*drug therapy MH - Cell Proliferation/drug effects MH - Cell Survival/drug effects/physiology MH - DNA Repair/physiology MH - Disease Progression MH - Epothilones/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Gene Fusion MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Invasiveness MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/physiopathology/*secondary MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/physiology MH - Pyrimidines/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Receptors, Androgen/physiology MH - Taxoids/pharmacology MH - Thiazoles/pharmacology/therapeutic use EDAT- 2012/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/23 06:00 PHST- 2012/09/01 [aheadofprint] AID - S0094-0143(12)00056-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urol Clin North Am. 2012 Nov;39(4):517-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.008. Epub 2012 Sep 1. PMID- 23084527 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121022 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1558-318X (Electronic) IS - 0094-0143 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Quality of life with advanced metastatic prostate cancer. PG - 505-15 LID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.007 [doi] LID - S0094-0143(12)00055-9 [pii] AB - The health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) implications of advanced metastatic prostate cancer are variable. There are several different HRQOL instruments that measure domains germane to patients with advanced metastatic disease. The burden of prostate cancer is inversely related to the magnitude of HRQOL declines. Treatment with androgen deprivation therapy commonly results in HRQOL declines that have served as the impetus for intermittent therapy. Conversely, chemotherapeutic agents have been associated with improvements in functional status for men with castrate-resistant disease. Emerging therapies may result in significant HRQOL improvements in this population, and careful prospective evaluation of patient-reported outcomes will be required. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Urologic Surgery, Center for Surgical Quality and Outcomes Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. matthew.resnick@vanderbilt.edu FAU - Resnick, Matthew J AU - Resnick MJ FAU - Penson, David F AU - Penson DF LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20120827 PL - United States TA - Urol Clin North Am JT - The Urologic clinics of North America JID - 0423221 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Diphosphonates) RN - 0 (Imidazoles) RN - 0 (Taxoids) RN - 0 (cabazitaxel) RN - 114977-28-5 (docetaxel) RN - 118072-93-8 (zoledronic acid) RN - 615258-40-7 (denosumab) RN - 65271-80-9 (Mitoxantrone) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Bone Neoplasms/drug therapy/secondary MH - Diphosphonates/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Disease Progression MH - Health Status Indicators MH - Humans MH - Imidazoles/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Male MH - Mitoxantrone/therapeutic use MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy/physiopathology/*secondary MH - *Quality of Life MH - Taxoids/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/23 06:00 PHST- 2012/08/27 [aheadofprint] AID - S0094-0143(12)00055-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urol Clin North Am. 2012 Nov;39(4):505-15. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.007. Epub 2012 Aug 27. PMID- 23084526 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121022 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1558-318X (Electronic) IS - 0094-0143 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Palliative care in castrate-resistant prostate cancer. PG - 491-503 LID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.006 [doi] LID - S0094-0143(12)00054-7 [pii] AB - Significant symptoms and suffering related to castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are associated with the disease and its treatment. Increasingly, with advances in treatment efficacy, men can live with symptoms for long periods. Interdisciplinary palliative care teams (including physicians, nurses, social workers, chaplains, pharmacists, psychologists, physical therapists, and nutritionists) focused on symptom management and patients' goals of care can collaborate with prostate cancer surgeons, oncologists, and radiation oncologists to provide the best care for men at all stages of treatment, including end of life. This article reviews the benefits of palliative care in helping patients with CRPC manage symptoms and distress. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Symptom Management Service, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0320, USA. mrabow@medicine.ucsf.edu FAU - Rabow, Michael W AU - Rabow MW FAU - Lee, Michael Xiang AU - Lee MX LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20120827 PL - United States TA - Urol Clin North Am JT - The Urologic clinics of North America JID - 0423221 RN - 0 (Analgesics, Opioid) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use MH - Bone Neoplasms/secondary MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/therapy MH - Pain Management MH - *Palliative Care MH - Patient Care Team MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/complications/physiopathology/*therapy MH - Quality of Life MH - Stress, Psychological/physiopathology EDAT- 2012/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/23 06:00 PHST- 2012/08/27 [aheadofprint] AID - S0094-0143(12)00054-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.006 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urol Clin North Am. 2012 Nov;39(4):491-503. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.006. Epub 2012 Aug 27. PMID- 23084524 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121022 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1558-318X (Electronic) IS - 0094-0143 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer. PG - 465-81 LID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.004 [doi] LID - S0094-0143(12)00052-3 [pii] AB - The improved survival with sipuleucel-T, an autologous antigen-presenting cell-based agent, for the treatment of patients with metastatic asymptomatic and minimally symptomatic castration-resistant prostate cancer supports immunotherapy as a valid approach. Also, multiple novel immunotherapeutic approaches are undergoing vigorous investigation. T-lymphocyte checkpoint blockade and poxvirus-based prime-boost approaches are in phase III evaluation. Other immunotherapeutic platforms undergoing early investigation include radioimmunoconjugates and adenovirus-based, DNA-based, and Listeria-based approaches. The development of predictive markers for immune response that translate into improved long-term outcomes is important. This article reviews the emerging data and the unique strengths and weaknesses of these approaches. CI - Copyright (c) 2012. Published by Elsevier Inc. AD - Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. FAU - Sonpavde, Guru AU - Sonpavde G FAU - Kantoff, Philip W AU - Kantoff PW LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Urol Clin North Am JT - The Urologic clinics of North America JID - 0423221 RN - 0 (Cancer Vaccines) RN - 0 (Recombinant Fusion Proteins) RN - 0 (Tissue Extracts) RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) RN - 0 (sipuleucel-T) RN - 83869-56-1 (Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor) RN - EC 3.1.3.2 (Acid Phosphatase) RN - EC 3.1.3.2 (PA2024 fusion protein, human) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Acid Phosphatase/immunology MH - Cancer Vaccines/immunology/*therapeutic use MH - Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/immunology MH - Humans MH - Immunotherapy MH - Listeria monocytogenes/immunology MH - Male MH - Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/mortality/*therapy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism/mortality/*therapy MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology MH - Tissue Extracts/*therapeutic use MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/metabolism EDAT- 2012/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/23 06:00 AID - S0094-0143(12)00052-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urol Clin North Am. 2012 Nov;39(4):465-81. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.004. PMID- 23084523 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121022 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1558-318X (Electronic) IS - 0094-0143 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Targeting the androgen receptor. PG - 453-64 LID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.003 [doi] LID - S0094-0143(12)00051-1 [pii] AB - Androgen receptor (AR)-mediated signaling is critical to the growth and survival of prostate cancer. Although medical castration and antiandrogen therapy can decrease AR activity and lower PSA, castration resistance eventually develops. Recent work exploring the molecular structure and evolution of AR in response to hormonal therapies has revealed novel mechanisms of progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer and yielded new targets for drug development. This review focuses on understanding the mechanisms of persistent AR signaling in the castrate environment, and highlights new therapies either currently available or in clinical trials, including androgen synthesis inhibitors and novel direct AR inhibitors. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Division of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. terence.friedlander@ucsf.edu FAU - Friedlander, Terence W AU - Friedlander TW FAU - Ryan, Charles J AU - Ryan CJ LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Urol Clin North Am JT - The Urologic clinics of North America JID - 0423221 RN - 0 (ARN-509) RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - 0 (Androstadienes) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Benzimidazoles) RN - 0 (Imidazoles) RN - 0 (MDV 3100) RN - 0 (Naphthalenes) RN - 0 (Receptors, Androgen) RN - 0 (TOK-001) RN - 0 (Thiohydantoins) RN - 2010-15-3 (Phenylthiohydantoin) RN - 58-22-0 (Testosterone) RN - EC 1.14.99.9 (Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase) RN - UE5K2FNS92 (orteronel) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Androgen Antagonists/*pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Androstadienes/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Benzimidazoles/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - Imidazoles/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Male MH - Naphthalenes/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Phenylthiohydantoin/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/physiopathology MH - Receptors, Androgen/*drug effects/physiology MH - Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase/drug effects MH - Testosterone/metabolism MH - Thiohydantoins/pharmacology/therapeutic use EDAT- 2012/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/23 06:00 AID - S0094-0143(12)00051-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urol Clin North Am. 2012 Nov;39(4):453-64. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.07.003. PMID- 23084481 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121211 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 1474-547X (Electronic) IS - 0140-6736 (Linking) VI - 380 IP - 9858 DP - 2012 Dec 8 TI - Postoperative radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer: long-term results of a randomised controlled trial (EORTC trial 22911). PG - 2018-27 LID - 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61253-7 [doi] LID - S0140-6736(12)61253-7 [pii] AB - BACKGROUND: We report the long-term results of a trial of immediate postoperative irradiation versus a wait-and-see policy in patients with prostate cancer extending beyond the prostate, to confirm whether previously reported progression-free survival was sustained. METHODS: This randomised, phase 3, controlled trial recruited patients aged 75 years or younger with untreated cT0-3 prostate cancer (WHO performance status 0 or 1) from 37 institutions across Europe. Eligible patients were randomly assigned centrally (1:1) to postoperative irradiation (60 Gy of conventional irradiation to the surgical bed for 6 weeks) or to a wait-and-see policy until biochemical progression (increase in prostate-specific antigen >0.2 mug/L confirmed twice at least 2 weeks apart). We analysed the primary endpoint, biochemical progression-free survival, by intention to treat (two-sided test for difference at alpha=0.05, adjusted for one interim analysis) and did exploratory analyses of heterogeneity of effect. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00002511. FINDINGS: 1005 patients were randomly assigned to a wait-and-see policy (n=503) or postoperative irradiation (n=502) and were followed up for a median of 10.6 years (range 2 months to 16.6 years). Postoperative irradiation significantly improved biochemical progression-free survival compared with the wait-and-see policy (198 [39.4%] of 502 patients in postoperative irradiation group vs 311 [61.8%] of 503 patients in wait-and-see group had biochemical or clinical progression or died; HR 0.49 [95% CI 0.41-0.59]; p<0.0001). Late adverse effects (any type of any grade) were more frequent in the postoperative irradiation group than in the wait-and-see group (10 year cumulative incidence 70.8% [66.6-75.0] vs 59.7% [55.3-64.1]; p=0.001). INTERPRETATION: Results at median follow-up of 10.6 years show that conventional postoperative irradiation significantly improves biochemical progression-free survival and local control compared with a wait-and-see policy, supporting results at 5 year follow-up; however, improvements in clinical progression-free survival were not maintained. Exploratory analyses suggest that postoperative irradiation might improve clinical progression-free survival in patients younger than 70 years and in those with positive surgical margins, but could have a detrimental effect in patients aged 70 years or older. FUNDING: Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer (Comite de l'Isere, Grenoble, France) and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Charitable Trust. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire A Michallon, Grenoble, France. mbolla@chu-grenoble.fr FAU - Bolla, Michel AU - Bolla M FAU - van Poppel, Hein AU - van Poppel H FAU - Tombal, Bertrand AU - Tombal B FAU - Vekemans, Kris AU - Vekemans K FAU - Da Pozzo, Luigi AU - Da Pozzo L FAU - de Reijke, Theo M AU - de Reijke TM FAU - Verbaeys, Antony AU - Verbaeys A FAU - Bosset, Jean-Francois AU - Bosset JF FAU - van Velthoven, Roland AU - van Velthoven R FAU - Colombel, Marc AU - Colombel M FAU - van de Beek, Cees AU - van de Beek C FAU - Verhagen, Paul AU - Verhagen P FAU - van den Bergh, Alphonsus AU - van den Bergh A FAU - Sternberg, Cora AU - Sternberg C FAU - Gasser, Thomas AU - Gasser T FAU - van Tienhoven, Geertjan AU - van Tienhoven G FAU - Scalliet, Pierre AU - Scalliet P FAU - Haustermans, Karin AU - Haustermans K FAU - Collette, Laurence AU - Collette L CN - European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Radiation Oncology and Genito-Urinary Groups LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00002511 PT - Clinical Trial, Phase III PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20121019 PL - England TA - Lancet JT - Lancet JID - 2985213R SB - AIM SB - IM CIN - Lancet. 2012 Dec 8;380(9858):1974-6. PMID: 23084480 MH - Aged MH - Combined Modality Therapy/methods MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/mortality MH - Postoperative Care/mortality MH - Prostatectomy/*methods/mortality MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/mortality/*radiotherapy/surgery MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Watchful Waiting EDAT- 2012/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/23 06:00 PHST- 2012/10/19 [aheadofprint] AID - S0140-6736(12)61253-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61253-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Lancet. 2012 Dec 8;380(9858):2018-27. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61253-7. Epub 2012 Oct 19. PMID- 23083862 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121112 DCOM- 20130122 IS - 1527-3792 (Electronic) IS - 0022-5347 (Linking) VI - 188 IP - 6 DP - 2012 Dec TI - Salvage lymph node dissection with adjuvant radiotherapy for nodal recurrence of prostate cancer. PG - 2190-7 LID - 10.1016/j.juro.2012.08.041 [doi] LID - S0022-5347(12)04498-9 [pii] AB - PURPOSE: We evaluated the impact of salvage lymph node dissection with adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with nodal recurrence of prostate cancer. By default, nodal recurrence of prostate cancer is treated with palliative antihormonal therapy, which causes serious side effects and invariably leads to the development of hormone refractory disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 47 patients with nodal recurrence of prostate cancer based on evidence of (11)C-choline/(18)F-choline ((18)F-fluorethylcholine) positron emission tomography-computerized tomography underwent primary (2 of 52), secondary (45 of 52), tertiary (4 of 52) and quaternary (1 of 52) salvage lymph node dissection with histological confirmation. Of 52 salvage lymph node dissections 27 were followed by radiotherapy. Biochemical response was defined as a prostate specific antigen less than 0.2 ng/ml after salvage therapy. The Kaplan-Meier method, binary logistic regression and Cox regression were used to analyze survival as well as predictors of biochemical response and clinical progression. RESULTS: Mean prostate specific antigen at salvage lymph node dissection was 11.1 ng/ml. A mean of 23.3 lymph nodes were removed per salvage lymph node dissection. Median followup was 35.5 months. Of 52 salvage lymph node dissections 24 resulted in complete biochemical response followed by 1-year biochemical recurrence-free survival of 71.8%. Gleason 6 or less (OR 7.58, p = 0.026), Gleason 7a/b (OR 5.91, p = 0.042) and N0 status at primary therapy (OR 8.01, p = 0.011) were identified as independent predictors of biochemical response. Gleason 8-10 (HR 3.5, p = 0.039) as a preoperative variable, retroperitoneal positive lymph nodes (HR 3.76, p = 0.021) and incomplete biochemical response (HR 4.0, p = 0.031) were identified as postoperative predictors of clinical progression. Clinical progression-free survival was 25.6% and cancer specific survival was 77.7% at 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Based on (11)C/(18)F-choline positron emission tomography-computerized tomography as a diagnostic tool, salvage lymph node dissection is feasible for the treatment of nodal recurrence of prostate cancer. Most patients experience biochemical recurrence after salvage lymph node dissection. However, a specific population has a lasting complete prostate specific antigen response. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Urology, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. cordula.jilg@uniklinik-freiburg.de FAU - Jilg, C A AU - Jilg CA FAU - Rischke, H C AU - Rischke HC FAU - Reske, S N AU - Reske SN FAU - Henne, K AU - Henne K FAU - Grosu, A-L AU - Grosu AL FAU - Weber, W AU - Weber W FAU - Drendel, V AU - Drendel V FAU - Schwardt, M AU - Schwardt M FAU - Jandausch, A AU - Jandausch A FAU - Schultze-Seemann, W AU - Schultze-Seemann W LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20121018 PL - United States TA - J Urol JT - The Journal of urology JID - 0376374 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Humans MH - *Lymph Node Excision MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*radiotherapy/*surgery MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/*radiotherapy/*surgery MH - Radiotherapy, Adjuvant MH - Salvage Therapy EDAT- 2012/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/23 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/14 [received] PHST- 2012/10/18 [aheadofprint] AID - S0022-5347(12)04498-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.juro.2012.08.041 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Urol. 2012 Dec;188(6):2190-7. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.08.041. Epub 2012 Oct 18. PMID- 23083657 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121112 DCOM- 20130122 IS - 1527-3792 (Electronic) IS - 0022-5347 (Linking) VI - 188 IP - 6 DP - 2012 Dec TI - Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: 5-year oncological and biochemical outcomes. PG - 2205-10 LID - 10.1016/j.juro.2012.08.009 [doi] LID - S0022-5347(12)04446-1 [pii] AB - PURPOSE: We investigated oncological outcomes in patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy more than 5 years previously. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 2002 and August 2006 we prospectively followed 435 consecutive patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Five patients were excluded from analysis, including 4 lost to followup and 1 with prior therapy. Biochemical recurrence was denoted as 1) adjuvant therapy or 2) 2 prostate specific antigen values above 0.2 ng/ml. Biochemical recurrence-free survival, and patient and tumor characteristics were investigated. RESULTS: Mean +/- SD patient age was 61.4 +/- 7.1 years. A total of 289 patients (63%) had 5 or more years of followup and 4 (1%) were lost to followup. Median time to biochemical recurrence was 18 months (range 1 month to 9.1 years). Four patients (0.93%) died of prostate cancer. The 5-year biochemical recurrence-free survival rate was 84.9% (95% CI 81.4-88.4). Five-year biochemical recurrence-free survival was 94.4% (95% CI 91.7-97.1) for pT2 disease compared to 63.8% (95% CI 53.4-74.1) and 47.1% (95% CI 27.3-67.0) for pT3a and pT3b, respectively (p <0.001). Patients with a Gleason score of 3 or less + 3, 3 + 4, 4 + 3 and 4 or greater + 4 experienced a 5-year biochemical recurrence-free survival of 97%, 86%, 62% and 43%, respectively (p <0.001). Patients with positive margins had a 5-year biochemical recurrence-free survival of 60.7% (95% CI 48.7-72.7) compared to 89.6% (95% CI 86.3-92.9) in those with negative margins (p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This represents the third report of the oncological outcomes of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, demonstrating a 5-year biochemical recurrence rate of approximately 14% and just below 1% prostate cancer specific mortality. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Urology, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California 92602, USA. FAU - Liss, Michael A AU - Liss MA FAU - Lusch, Achim AU - Lusch A FAU - Morales, Blanca AU - Morales B FAU - Beheshti, Nima AU - Beheshti N FAU - Skarecky, Douglas AU - Skarecky D FAU - Narula, Navneet AU - Narula N FAU - Osann, Kathryn AU - Osann K FAU - Ahlering, Thomas E AU - Ahlering TE LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20121022 PL - United States TA - J Urol JT - The Journal of urology JID - 0376374 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - AIM SB - IM CIN - J Urol. 2012 Dec;188(6):2211. PMID: 23083659 CIN - J Urol. 2012 Dec;188(6):2210-1. PMID: 23083644 MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatectomy/*methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/pathology/*surgery MH - *Robotics MH - Time Factors MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/23 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/03 [received] PHST- 2012/10/22 [aheadofprint] AID - S0022-5347(12)04446-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.juro.2012.08.009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Urol. 2012 Dec;188(6):2205-10. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.08.009. Epub 2012 Oct 22. PMID- 23083655 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121112 DCOM- 20130122 IS - 1527-3792 (Electronic) IS - 0022-5347 (Linking) VI - 188 IP - 6 DP - 2012 Dec TI - The impact of anatomical radical retropubic prostatectomy on cancer control: the 30-year anniversary. PG - 2219-24 LID - 10.1016/j.juro.2012.08.028 [doi] LID - S0022-5347(12)04485-0 [pii] AB - PURPOSE: Radical prostatectomy has decreased prostate cancer specific mortality in men with clinically localized prostate cancer. We report oncological outcomes of the longest running series of nerve sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy on the 30th anniversary of the inaugural operation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 4,478 men underwent anatomical radical retropubic prostatectomy, as performed by a single surgeon (PCW), at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions from 1982 to 2011, without neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy. During a median followup of 10 years (range 1 to 29), we examined progression-free, metastasis-free and cancer specific survival. RESULTS: The overall 25-year progression-free, metastasis-free and cancer specific survival rates were 68%, 84% and 86%, respectively, although there were significant differences in treatment outcomes between men treated in the pre-PSA and PSA eras. In each era, there were significant differences in progression-free, metastasis-free and cancer specific survival by D'Amico risk groups. In multivariable models considering prostatectomy features, pathological stage and grade were significantly associated with the risk of metastatic progression and disease specific mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Excellent prostate cancer specific survival was demonstrated up to 30 years after surgery. Clinical risk categories and pathological tumor features were significant predictors of long-term disease specific outcomes, supporting their ongoing use in risk stratification and management decisions. Anatomical radical retropubic prostatectomy continues to represent the gold standard in the surgical management of clinically localized prostate cancer to which alternate treatment options should be compared. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. jmulli12@jhmi.edu FAU - Mullins, Jeffrey K AU - Mullins JK FAU - Feng, Zhaoyong AU - Feng Z FAU - Trock, Bruce J AU - Trock BJ FAU - Epstein, Jonathan I AU - Epstein JI FAU - Walsh, Patrick C AU - Walsh PC FAU - Loeb, Stacy AU - Loeb S LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20121022 PL - United States TA - J Urol JT - The Journal of urology JID - 0376374 SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Prostatectomy/*methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*mortality/*surgery MH - Survival Rate MH - Time Factors EDAT- 2012/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/23 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/18 [received] PHST- 2012/10/22 [aheadofprint] AID - S0022-5347(12)04485-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.juro.2012.08.028 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Urol. 2012 Dec;188(6):2219-24. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.08.028. Epub 2012 Oct 22. PMID- 23060587 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121012 DCOM- 20130114 IS - 1791-7530 (Electronic) IS - 0250-7005 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 10 DP - 2012 Oct TI - Postoperative pelvic hypofractionated accelerated radiotherapy with cytoprotection (HypoARC) for high-risk or recurrent prostate cancer. PG - 4561-8 AB - AIM: We evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of postoperative hypofractionated and accelerated radiotherapy supported with amifostine cytoprotection (HypoARC) in patients with high-risk or recurrent prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fourty-eight patients were recruited (median follow-up=41 months; range=12-84 months). Twenty-one received HypoARC after surgery and 27 at biochemical relapse. Radiotherapy was given with a 3D-conformal technique, delivering 2.7 Gy/day to the pelvis and 3.4 Gy to the peri-prostatic region for 14 fractions. A 15th fraction increased the total dose to the peri-prostatic area to 51 Gy (15x3.4 Gy) in 19 days. Amifostine was delivered before each radiotherapy fraction at an individualized (by tolerance) dose (0-1000 mg). RESULTS: Amifostine was delivered subcutaneously at 1000 mg in 35/48 (72.9%) patients, while lower doses were tolerated by the remaining patients. Twenty-six (54.2%) patients accomplished therapy without delays, while acute toxicities enforced 1 to 2 week delays in 11/48 patients (22.9%). Grade 2 proctitis was noted in 18.7%, while substantial bleeding occurred in 8.3% of patients. Grade 1 dysurea was noted in 27.1%, while diarrhea grade 2 appeared in 10.4% of patients. High amifostine dose was linked to a significant reduction of proctitis (p=0.04). No severe late toxicities were noted. Within a median of 41 months, 7/48 (14.6%) patients exhibited post-radiotherpy biochemical failure (in four due to metastasis). High-dose (1000 mg) amifostine defined a significantly better outcome (p=0.004), an effect sustained on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Postoperative HypoARC is feasible with low-grade early and late toxicities, and emerges as a candidate for evaluation in randomized trials. The three-fold reduction of the overall treatment time renders HypoARC appealing for busy radiotherapy departments. AD - Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece. FAU - Koukourakis, Michael I AU - Koukourakis MI FAU - Papadopoulou, Aikaterini AU - Papadopoulou A FAU - Abatzoglou, Ioannis AU - Abatzoglou I FAU - Panteliadou, Marianthi AU - Panteliadou M FAU - Sismanidou, Kyriaki AU - Sismanidou K FAU - Touloupidis, Stavros AU - Touloupidis S LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Greece TA - Anticancer Res JT - Anticancer research JID - 8102988 RN - 0 (Radiation-Protective Agents) RN - 20537-88-6 (Amifostine) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Amifostine/*therapeutic use MH - Carcinoma/*radiotherapy/surgery MH - Cytoprotection/*drug effects MH - Diarrhea/etiology MH - Dysuria/etiology MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Proctitis/etiology MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*radiotherapy/surgery MH - *Radiation Dosage MH - Radiation-Protective Agents/*therapeutic use MH - Radiotherapy, Adjuvant MH - Severity of Illness Index EDAT- 2012/10/13 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/15 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/13 06:00 AID - 32/10/4561 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - Anticancer Res. 2012 Oct;32(10):4561-8. PMID- 23060581 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121012 DCOM- 20130114 IS - 1791-7530 (Electronic) IS - 0250-7005 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 10 DP - 2012 Oct TI - Investigative clinical study on prostate cancer part IX and X: estradiol and the pituitary-testicular-prostate axis at the time of initial diagnosis and subsequent cluster selection of the patient population after radical prostatectomy. PG - 4523-32 AB - AIM: To evaluate estradiol (E(2)) physiopathology along the pituitary-testicular-prostate axis at the time of initial diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC) and subsequent cluster selection of the patient population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Records of the diagnosed (n=105) and operated (n=91) patients were retrospectively reviewed. Age, percentage of positive cores at-biopsy (P+), biopsy Gleason score (bGS), E(2), prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone (TT), free-testosterone (FT), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), pathology Gleason score (pGS), estimated tumor volume in relation to percentage of prostate volume (V+), overall prostate weight (Wi), clinical stage (cT), biopsy Gleason pattern (bGP) and pathology stage (pT), were the investigated variables. None of the patients had previously undergone hormonal manipulations. E(2) correlation and prediction by multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) was performed. At diagnosis, the log E(2)/log bGS ratio clustered the population into groups A (log E(2)/log bGS 0.7 cm in the vertical and longitudinal directions only on 4 and 5 images of 162 CBCT images, respectively. For the lateral direction, this displacement was >0.3 cm in one case. For the group of 30 patients, displacement was never >0.7, and 0.3 cm for the vertical and lateral directions. In two cases, displacements were >0.7 cm for the longitudinal direction. CONCLUSION: Implementation of the proposed adaptive procedure based on the on-line set-up error elimination followed by a reduction of systematic internal error enables reducing the CTV-PTV margin to 0.7, 0.7, and 0.4 cm for the vertical, longitudinal, and lateral directions, respectively. AD - Medical Physics Department, Center of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Piziorska, M AU - Piziorska M FAU - Kukolowicz, P AU - Kukolowicz P FAU - Zawadzka, A AU - Zawadzka A FAU - Pilichowska, M AU - Pilichowska M FAU - Peczkowski, P AU - Peczkowski P LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20121010 PL - Germany TA - Strahlenther Onkol JT - Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] JID - 8603469 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/*methods MH - Dose Fractionation MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Patient Positioning/*adverse effects/methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology/*radiotherapy MH - Radioisotope Teletherapy/*methods MH - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/*methods MH - Radiotherapy Setup Errors/*adverse effects/prevention & control MH - Radiotherapy, Image-Guided/*methods EDAT- 2012/10/12 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/05 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/12 06:00 PHST- 2012/05/02 [received] PHST- 2012/08/06 [accepted] PHST- 2012/10/10 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1007/s00066-012-0226-9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Strahlenther Onkol. 2012 Nov;188(11):1003-9. doi: 10.1007/s00066-012-0226-9. Epub 2012 Oct 10. PMID- 23053143 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121024 DCOM- 20130104 IS - 1439-099X (Electronic) IS - 0179-7158 (Linking) VI - 188 IP - 11 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Moderate hypofractionation and simultaneous integrated boost with volumetric modulated arc therapy (RapidArc) for prostate cancer. Report of feasibility and acute toxicity. PG - 990-6 LID - 10.1007/s00066-012-0171-7 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: In the present study, the acute toxicity profiles for prostate patients treated with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) with volumetric modulated arcs in a hypofractionated regime are reported. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 70 patients treated with RapidArc between May 2010 and September 2011 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were stratified into low (36%), intermediate (49%), and high-risk (16%) groups. Target volumes (expanded to define the planning volumes (PTV)) were clinical target volume (CTV) 1: prostate; CTV2: CTV1 + seminal vesicles; CTV3: CTV2 + pelvic nodes. Low-risk patients received 71.4 Gy to PTV1; intermediate-risk 74.2 Gy to PTV1 and 61.6 or 65.5 Gy to PTV2; high-risk 74.2 Gy to PTV1, 61.6 or 65.5 Gy to PTV2, and 51.8 Gy to PTV3. All treatments were in 28 fractions. The median follow-up was 11 months (range 3.5-23 months). The acute rectal, gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicities were scored according to EORTC/RTOG scales. RESULTS: Acute toxicities were recorded for the GU [G0 = 31/70 (44%), G1 = 22/70 (31%); G2 = 16/70 (23%); G3 = 1/70 (1%)], the rectum [G0 = 46/70 (66%); G1 = 12/70 (17%); G2 = 12/70 (17%); no G3], and the GI [G0 = 54/69 (77%); G1 = 11/69 (16%); G2 = 4/69 (6%); no G3]. Median time to rectal, GU, and GI toxicities were 27, 30, and 33 days, respectively. Only the GI toxicity correlated with stage and pelvic irradiation. Univariate analysis presented significant correlations between GI toxicity and intestinal irradiation (V(50 Gy) and V(60 Gy)). In the multivariate analysis, the only significant dosimetric variable was V(50 Gy) for the intestinal cavity. CONCLUSION: Moderate hypofractionation with SIB and RapidArc was shown to be safe, with acceptable acute toxicity. Longer follow-up is needed to assess late toxicity and clinical outcome. AD - Department of Radiotherapy, Humanitas Cancer Center, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy. filippo.alongi@humanitas.it FAU - Alongi, F AU - Alongi F FAU - Fogliata, A AU - Fogliata A FAU - Navarria, P AU - Navarria P FAU - Tozzi, A AU - Tozzi A FAU - Mancosu, P AU - Mancosu P FAU - Lobefalo, F AU - Lobefalo F FAU - Reggiori, G AU - Reggiori G FAU - Clivio, A AU - Clivio A FAU - Cozzi, L AU - Cozzi L FAU - Scorsetti, M AU - Scorsetti M LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120929 PL - Germany TA - Strahlenther Onkol JT - Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] JID - 8603469 RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Adenocarcinoma/pathology/*radiotherapy MH - Aged MH - Combined Modality Therapy MH - Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods MH - *Dose Fractionation MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology/*radiotherapy MH - Radiation Injuries/*etiology MH - *Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted MH - Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted/methods MH - Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated/adverse effects/*methods MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/blood EDAT- 2012/10/12 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/05 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/12 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/05 [received] PHST- 2012/06/13 [accepted] PHST- 2012/09/29 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1007/s00066-012-0171-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Strahlenther Onkol. 2012 Nov;188(11):990-6. doi: 10.1007/s00066-012-0171-7. Epub 2012 Sep 29. PMID- 23053142 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121024 DCOM- 20130104 IS - 1439-099X (Electronic) IS - 0179-7158 (Linking) VI - 188 IP - 11 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Toxicity and outcome of pelvic IMRT for node-positive prostate cancer. PG - 982-9 LID - 10.1007/s00066-012-0169-1 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study reports on the treatment techniques, toxicity, and outcome of pelvic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for lymph node-positive prostate cancer (LNPPC, T1-4, c/pN1 cM0). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Pelvic IMRT to 45-50.4 Gy was applied in 39 cases either after previous surgery of involved lymph nodes (n = 18) or with a radiation boost to suspicious nodes (n = 21) with doses of 60-70 Gy, usually combined with androgen deprivation (n = 37). The prostate and seminal vesicles received 70-74 Gy. In cases of previous prostatectomy, prostatic fossa and remnants of seminal vesicles were given 66-70 Gy. Treatment-related acute and late toxicity was graded according to the RTOG criteria. RESULTS: Acute radiation-related toxicity higher than grade 2 occurred in 2 patients (with the need for urinary catheter/subileus related to adhesions after surgery). Late toxicity was mild (grade 1-2) after a median follow-up of 70 months. Over 50% of the patients reported no late morbidity (grade 0). PSA control and cancer-specific survival reached 67% and 97% at over 5 years. CONCLUSION: Pelvic IMRT after the removal of affected nodes or with a radiation boost to clinically positive nodes led to an acceptable late toxicity (no grade 3/4 events), thus justifying further evaluation of this approach in a larger cohort. AD - Department of Radiooncology, Eberhard Karls University, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tubingen, Germany. arndt-christian.mueller@med.uni-tuebingen.de FAU - Muller, A-C AU - Muller AC FAU - Lutjens, J AU - Lutjens J FAU - Alber, M AU - Alber M FAU - Eckert, F AU - Eckert F FAU - Bamberg, M AU - Bamberg M FAU - Schilling, D AU - Schilling D FAU - Belka, C AU - Belka C FAU - Ganswindt, U AU - Ganswindt U LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20121011 PL - Germany TA - Strahlenther Onkol JT - Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] JID - 8603469 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use MH - Combined Modality Therapy MH - Humans MH - Kaplan-Meier Estimate MH - Lymph Node Excision MH - Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology/*radiotherapy MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Positron-Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/*radiotherapy/surgery MH - Radiation Injuries/*etiology/mortality MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Radiotherapy, Adjuvant MH - Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated/*adverse effects MH - Rectum/pathology/radiation effects MH - Survival Analysis MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/blood MH - Urinary Bladder/pathology/radiation effects EDAT- 2012/10/12 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/05 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/12 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/01 [received] PHST- 2012/06/13 [accepted] PHST- 2012/10/11 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1007/s00066-012-0169-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Strahlenther Onkol. 2012 Nov;188(11):982-9. doi: 10.1007/s00066-012-0169-1. Epub 2012 Oct 11. PMID- 23053139 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121024 DCOM- 20130104 IS - 1439-099X (Electronic) IS - 0179-7158 (Linking) VI - 188 IP - 11 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Late complications after radiotherapy for prostate cancer. PG - 965-74 LID - 10.1007/s00066-012-0142-z [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to analyze in detail the time course of the incidence of radiation-induced late effects. For this purpose, unpublished data of patients treated by radiation therapy in Hamburg in the late 1980s were analyzed. Relatively large volumes were exposed to comparatively high doses, thus leading to a high rate of treatment-related side effects. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 180 consecutive patients received radiotherapy for prostate cancer. The median age was 66 years (range 41-88 years). The median of the maximum dose was 77.5 Gy (range 56.3-95 Gy) and overall treatment time was 51 days (range 28-128 days). Endpoints analyzed were late complications of grade 3 or higher, overall and disease-free survival, local tumor control, and distant metastases. Data analysis was actuarial and the log-rank test was used to compare the various subgroups. RESULTS: After 2 years, 80.5 +/- 3.2% of the patients were without any complications of grade 3 or higher, and after 5 years a constant level of 70.3 +/- 4.0% was approached. When multiple lesions occurred per patient, the later events were disregarded. A total of 66 complications occurred in 42 patients. The percentage of patients being free from late complications, plotted as a function of time after start of radiation therapy, was adequately described by an exponential function and a constant fraction. Complications approached a constant level of 70.3% at a rate of 5.3% per month. This means that patients who will develop a complication do so at exponential kinetics and at a relatively high rate, whereas about 70% of the patients will never experience a late effect even over long observation periods. After subdividing the maximum dose into three equal dose groups of 55 patients each (< 73.3 Gy, 73.3-80 Gy, > 80 Gy), the constant fraction decreased from 85.7 to 72.8% and 52.2%, whereas the incidence rate was 4.3%, 7.7%, and 5.6% per month and, thus, almost independent of radiation dose. CONCLUSION: For a given group of patients, the rate of the incidence of late complications appears to be independent of radiation dose and (from analyzing data in the literature) independent of the grade of lesions, whereas the fraction of patients without late effects depends on both parameters. AD - Institute of Biophysics and Radiobiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. h.g.jung@t-online.de FAU - Jung, H AU - Jung H FAU - Beck-Bornholdt, H-P AU - Beck-Bornholdt HP FAU - Svoboda, V AU - Svoboda V FAU - Alberti, W AU - Alberti W FAU - Herrmann, T AU - Herrmann T LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20121011 PL - Germany TA - Strahlenther Onkol JT - Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] JID - 8603469 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use MH - Combined Modality Therapy MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Germany MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Orchiectomy MH - Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology/*radiotherapy/surgery MH - Radiation Injuries/classification/diagnosis/epidemiology/*etiology MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Radiotherapy, Adjuvant MH - Risk Factors EDAT- 2012/10/12 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/05 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/12 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/10 [received] PHST- 2012/04/23 [accepted] PHST- 2012/10/11 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1007/s00066-012-0142-z [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Strahlenther Onkol. 2012 Nov;188(11):965-74. doi: 10.1007/s00066-012-0142-z. Epub 2012 Oct 11. PMID- 23023354 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121001 DCOM- 20130104 IS - 0022-3859 (Print) IS - 0022-3859 (Linking) VI - 58 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Jul-Sep TI - Abiraterone acetate: a novel drug for castration-resistant prostate carcinoma. PG - 203-6 AB - Androgen-deprivation therapy is the mainstay of treatment for the management of advanced prostate carcinoma till transition to castration-resistant prostate carcinoma (CRPC). Recently, adrenal and intratumoral synthesis of androgens has been found to be the major cause for CRPC. Abiraterone acetate is an orally active, potent and selective inhibitor of 17 a hydroxylase and c 17, 20 lyase, which acts by decreasing the de novo production of androgens with no rise in steroids downstream. Multiple randomized trials have shown significant improvement of >50% decline in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and time to PSA progression (TTPP) with abiraterone acetate 1000 mg per day in chemotherapy/ketoconazole treated and naive CRPC patients producing reversible and manageable adverse effects due to mineralocorticoid excess. This article reviews the available evidence on efficacy and safety of this drug in CRPC. Searches of Pubmed, Cochrane database, Medscape, Google and clinicaltrial.org were made for terms like CRPC and abiraterone. AD - Department of Pharmacology, Dr. HSJIDS, Panjab University, Sector 25, Chandigarh, Punjab, India. FAU - Nandha, R AU - Nandha R LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - India TA - J Postgrad Med JT - Journal of postgraduate medicine JID - 2985196R RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - 0 (Androstenols) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 154229-19-3 (abiraterone) RN - EC 1.14.99.9 (Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Androgen Antagonists/*therapeutic use MH - Androstenols/*therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use MH - Castration MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology/surgery MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase/antagonists & inhibitors EDAT- 2012/10/02 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/05 06:00 CRDT- 2012/10/02 06:00 AID - jpgm_2012_58_3_203_101400 [pii] AID - 10.4103/0022-3859.101400 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Postgrad Med. 2012 Jul-Sep;58(3):203-6. PMID- 23017866 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121012 DCOM- 20121231 IS - 1527-3792 (Electronic) IS - 0022-5347 (Linking) VI - 188 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Magnetic resonance imaging for predicting prostate biopsy findings in patients considered for active surveillance of clinically low risk prostate cancer. PG - 1732-8 LID - 10.1016/j.juro.2012.07.024 [doi] LID - S0022-5347(12)04203-6 [pii] AB - PURPOSE: A barrier to the acceptance of active surveillance for men with prostate cancer is the risk of underestimating the cancer burden on initial biopsy. We assessed the value of endorectal magnetic resonance imaging in predicting upgrading on confirmatory biopsy in men with low risk prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 388 consecutive men (mean age 60.6 years, range 33 to 89) with clinically low risk prostate cancer (initial biopsy Gleason score 6 or less, prostate specific antigen less than 10 ng/ml, clinical stage T2a or less) underwent endorectal magnetic resonance imaging before confirmatory biopsy. Three radiologists independently and retrospectively scored tumor visibility on endorectal magnetic resonance imaging using a 5-point scale (1-definitely no tumor to 5-definitely tumor). Inter-reader agreement was assessed with weighted kappa statistics. Associations between magnetic resonance imaging scores and confirmatory biopsy findings were evaluated using measures of diagnostic performance and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: On confirmatory biopsy, Gleason score was upgraded in 79 of 388 (20%) patients. Magnetic resonance imaging scores of 2 or less had a high negative predictive value (0.96-1.0) and specificity (0.95-1.0) for upgrading on confirmatory biopsy. A magnetic resonance imaging score of 5 was highly sensitive for upgrading on confirmatory biopsy (0.87-0.98). At multivariate analysis patients with higher magnetic resonance imaging scores were more likely to have disease upgraded on confirmatory biopsy (odds ratio 2.16-3.97). Inter-reader agreement and diagnostic performance were higher for the more experienced readers (kappa 0.41-0.61, AUC 0.76-0.79) than for the least experienced reader (kappa 0.15-0.39, AUC 0.61-0.69). Magnetic resonance imaging performed similarly in predicting low risk and very low risk (Gleason score 6, less than 3 positive cores, less than 50% involvement in all cores) prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Adding endorectal magnetic resonance imaging to the initial clinical evaluation of men with clinically low risk prostate cancer helps predict findings on confirmatory biopsy and assess eligibility for active surveillance. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA. vargasah@mskcc.org FAU - Vargas, Hebert Alberto AU - Vargas HA FAU - Akin, Oguz AU - Akin O FAU - Afaq, Asim AU - Afaq A FAU - Goldman, Debra AU - Goldman D FAU - Zheng, Junting AU - Zheng J FAU - Moskowitz, Chaya S AU - Moskowitz CS FAU - Shukla-Dave, Amita AU - Shukla-Dave A FAU - Eastham, James AU - Eastham J FAU - Scardino, Peter AU - Scardino P FAU - Hricak, Hedvig AU - Hricak H LA - eng GR - R01 CA076423/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120925 PL - United States TA - J Urol JT - The Journal of urology JID - 0376374 SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Biopsy MH - Humans MH - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*pathology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Assessment MH - Watchful Waiting EDAT- 2012/09/29 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/01 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/29 06:00 PHST- 2012/01/26 [received] PHST- 2012/09/25 [aheadofprint] AID - S0022-5347(12)04203-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.juro.2012.07.024 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Urol. 2012 Nov;188(5):1732-8. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.07.024. Epub 2012 Sep 25. PMID- 23013666 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120927 DCOM- 20130103 LR - 20130211 IS - 1824-4785 (Print) IS - 1824-4785 (Linking) VI - 56 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Aug TI - PET/CT in prostate cancer: non-choline radiopharmaceuticals. PG - 367-74 AB - In this brief review, the major potential clinical applications of 18F-FDG, 11C-acetate, 18F-FDHT, 18F-FLT, 18F-FMAU, and anti-18F-FACBC in the imaging evaluation of men with prostate cancer are discussed. 18F-FDG has a limited role in primary diagnosis and staging but it may be able to reflect tumour aggressiveness, detect sites of recurrence in some men with high serum PSA after biochemical failure and assess response to chemo- and hormonal treatment in metastatic disease. 11C-acetate has been investigated for intra-prostatic primary tumour detection and staging as well as for re-staging in case of biochemical relapse with results that are overall similar to those with 18F- and 11C-labeled choline. 18F-FDHT targets the androgen receptor and may be particularly useful in the assessment of the pharmacodynamics of the androgen signalling pathway. PET in conjunction with 18F-FLT or 18F-FMAU that track the thymidine salvage pathway of DNA synthesis has also been investigated for imaging cellular proliferation in prostate cancer. Initial experience with the radiolabeled synthetic amino acid, anti-18F-FACBC, which displays slow urinary excretion has been encouraging but further studies will be needed to decipher its exact role in the imaging management of men with prostate cancer. AD - Nuclear Medicine Unit, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy. pcastellucci@hotmail.com FAU - Castellucci, P AU - Castellucci P FAU - Jadvar, H AU - Jadvar H LA - eng GR - R01 CA111613/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01-CA111613/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R21 CA142426/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R21-CA142426/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PL - Italy TA - Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging JT - The quarterly journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging : official publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [and] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [and] Section of the Society of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Biology JID - 101213861 RN - 0 (Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Radiopharmaceuticals) RN - 62-49-7 (Choline) SB - IM MH - Choline/diagnostic use MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Positron-Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography/*methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*therapy MH - Radioisotopes/*diagnostic use MH - Radiopharmaceuticals/*diagnostic use MH - Treatment Failure PMC - PMC3468297 MID - NIHMS411133 OID - NLM: NIHMS411133 OID - NLM: PMC3468297 EDAT- 2012/09/28 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/04 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/28 06:00 AID - R39122482 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2012 Aug;56(4):367-74. PMID- 23013665 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120927 DCOM- 20130103 IS - 1824-4785 (Print) IS - 1824-4785 (Linking) VI - 56 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Aug TI - Restaging prostate cancer patients with biochemical failure with PET/CT and radiolabeled choline. PG - 354-66 AB - PET/CT with either [11C]choline or [18F]fluorocholine represents a powerful technique for restaging prostate cancer (PCa) patients with biochemical failure. The availability of dedicated PET/CT scanners allows fusioning of morphological and functional images, which enables accurate localization of sites of pathological tracer uptake and ease the differentiation between malignant and benign findings. A noteworthy advantage of this whole-body technique is that it provides information on multiple anatomic sites at a single time. As such, the technique has the capability of distinguishing between local relapse and distant metastases, and therefore has the potential to guide the medical treatment. The positive detection rate of [11C]choline PET/CT varies substantially in relation to the inclusion criteria. Studies which included unselected consecutive patients reported a positive detection rate ranging between 40% and 70%. Serum PSA level represents the single, most important factor affecting the rate of positive scans. Other positive predicitive factors include fast PSA kinetics (PSA velocity, PSA doubling time), advanced pathological state at initial staging, previous biochemical failure, hormone resistance and older age. Recent studies indicate that [11C]choline PET/CT has the potential to early restaging PCa patients for PSA levels lower than 1-1.5 ng/mL. However, more studies are necessary to better define the potential of this technique for low PSA levels. The previously cited risk factors can be used to identify patients that are at greater risk and that might best benefit from PET/CT scans. Patients that develop biochemical failure during androgen deprivation therapy (hormone resistance) have a higher likelihood for a positive [11C]choline PET/CT scan in comparison to patients that are drug naive (hormone sensitive) and are not required to withdraw the anti-androgenic treatment before PET/CT. AD - Department of Radio-Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Stadtspital Triemli, Zurich, Switzerland. giampiero.giovacchini@waid.zuerich.ch FAU - Giovacchini, G AU - Giovacchini G FAU - Breeuwsma, A J AU - Breeuwsma AJ LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Italy TA - Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging JT - The quarterly journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging : official publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [and] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [and] Section of the Society of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Biology JID - 101213861 RN - 0 (Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Radiopharmaceuticals) RN - 62-49-7 (Choline) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Choline/*diagnostic use MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Positron-Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography/*methods MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/*diagnosis/*therapy MH - Radioisotopes/*diagnostic use MH - Radiopharmaceuticals/*diagnostic use MH - Treatment Failure EDAT- 2012/09/28 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/04 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/28 06:00 AID - R39122485 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2012 Aug;56(4):354-66. PMID- 23013664 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120927 DCOM- 20130103 IS - 1824-4785 (Print) IS - 1824-4785 (Linking) VI - 56 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Aug TI - PET/CT and choline: diagnosis and staging. PG - 343-53 AB - As prostate cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer in men and constitutes the third most common cause of cancer associated deaths, early diagnosis of primary prostate cancer and accurate staging influencing the appropriate choice of therapy is crucial. PET and PET/CT using [11C]- and [18F]-labelled choline derivates are increasingly being used for imaging primary and recurrent prostate cancer. The value of [11C]- and [18F]choline PET and PET/CT in patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer has been evaluated in many studies and shows an increasing importance. Morphological imaging techniques such as TRUS, CT and MRI (including functional imaging tools) have shown only limited accuracy for the diagnosis of primary prostate cancer. Molecular imaging techniques such as PET and PET/CT may improve the detection rate and localization of primary prostate cancer. The potential of PET/CT using [11C]- and [18F]-labelled choline derivates for the diagnosis of primary prostate cancer has been assessed in a lot of studies with partly controversial results. [11C]- and [18F]choline PET and PET/CT demonstrated moderate sensitivity for the detection of primary prostate cancer, which depends on the tumour configuration. Furthermore the detection rate is limited by a considerable number of microcarcinomas that can often not be visualized due to partial volume effects. Therefore small and in part rind-like tumours can often not be detected. Additionally, specificity of [11C]- and [18F]choline PET and PET/CT is limited as differentiation between benign prostatic changes like prostatitis, prostatic hyperplasia and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) is not always possible. At the present time, the routine use of PET/CT with [11C]- and [18F]-labelled choline derivates can not be recommended as a first-line screening procedure for primary prostate cancer in men at risk. However, choline PET and PET/CT may be useful in preparation of a focused re-biopsy in patients suffering from clinically suspected prostate cancer with repeatedly negative prostate biopsies. In the future [11C]- and [18F]choline PET and PET/CT may also be helpful in patient stratification with respect to primary surgery and radiation therapy. AD - Department of Nuclear Medicine, Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy. FAU - Farsad, M AU - Farsad M FAU - Schwarzenbock, S AU - Schwarzenbock S FAU - Krause, B J AU - Krause BJ LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - Italy TA - Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging JT - The quarterly journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging : official publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [and] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [and] Section of the Society of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Biology JID - 101213861 RN - 0 (Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Radiopharmaceuticals) RN - 62-49-7 (Choline) SB - IM MH - Choline/*diagnostic use MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Positron-Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography/*methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnosis MH - Radioisotopes/*diagnostic use MH - Radiopharmaceuticals/*diagnostic use EDAT- 2012/09/28 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/04 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/28 06:00 AID - R39122492 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2012 Aug;56(4):343-53. PMID- 23013662 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120927 DCOM- 20130103 IS - 1824-4785 (Print) IS - 1824-4785 (Linking) VI - 56 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Aug TI - Clinical and diagnostic assessment for therapeutic decisions in prostate cancer. PG - 321-30 AB - Due to the heterogeneity of prostate cancer (PCa) outcomes, there is a need for individualized treatment plans based on clinical and cancer characteristics. Recent advances in sophisticated imaging modalities have improved the ability to stratify patients according to their risk of PCa diagnosis and progression. This, in turn, has positively influenced the clinical decision making process. However, there is also an overuse of diagnostic imaging in the evaluation of PCa patients. Baseline diagnostic and re-staging evaluations need to be indeed personalized, in order to maximize the results and reduce unnecessary, lengthy and costly procedures. The aim of this review was to critically evaluate current international guidelines in order to identify clinical and diagnostic markers that might help clinicians in the selection of the most appropriate imaging approach. For this aim, different imaging modalities were analyzed in patients with newly diagnosed PCa, focusing on local, nodal and distant staging. Every step of staging was taken into consideration based on patient individualized risk, as defined by routinely available clinical variables. Second, different imaging techniques were also reviewed in the context of relapse after primary treatment, highlighting their utility and impact in the clinical decision making process. This review focuses mainly on conventional established imaging techniques, with an eye also to novel approaches that still need to be validated on large patient series. AD - Department of Urology San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. FAU - Passoni, N M AU - Passoni NM FAU - Di Trapani, E AU - Di Trapani E FAU - Suardi, N AU - Suardi N FAU - Gallina, A AU - Gallina A FAU - Abdollah, F AU - Abdollah F FAU - Bianchi, M AU - Bianchi M FAU - Picchio, M AU - Picchio M FAU - Giovacchini, G AU - Giovacchini G FAU - Messa, C AU - Messa C FAU - Rigatti, P AU - Rigatti P FAU - Montorsi, F AU - Montorsi F FAU - Briganti, A AU - Briganti A LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - Italy TA - Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging JT - The quarterly journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging : official publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [and] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [and] Section of the Society of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Biology JID - 101213861 SB - IM MH - *Decision Support Techniques MH - Diagnostic Imaging/*methods/*trends MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Prognosis MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*therapy EDAT- 2012/09/28 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/04 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/28 06:00 AID - R39122512 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2012 Aug;56(4):321-30. PMID- 23013404 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121106 DCOM- 20130108 LR - 20130219 IS - 1477-7525 (Electronic) IS - 1477-7525 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2012 TI - A pilot randomized controlled trial of the feasibility of a self-directed coping skills intervention for couples facing prostate cancer: rationale and design. PG - 119 LID - 10.1186/1477-7525-10-119 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Although it is known both patients' and partners' reactions to a prostate cancer diagnosis include fear, uncertainty, anxiety and depression with patients' partners' reactions mutually determining how they cope with and adjust to the illness, few psychosocial interventions target couples. Those that are available tend to be led by highly trained professionals, limiting their accessibility and long-term sustainability. In addition, it is recognised that patients who might benefit from conventional face-to-face psychosocial interventions do not access these, either by preference or because of geographical or mobility barriers. Self-directed interventions can overcome some of these limitations and have been shown to contribute to patient well-being. This study will examine the feasibility of a self-directed, coping skills intervention for couples affected by cancer, called Coping-Together, and begin to explore its potential impact on couples' illness adjustment. The pilot version of Coping-Together includes a series of four booklets, a DVD, and a relaxation audio CD. METHODS/DESIGN: In this double-blind, two-group, parallel, randomized controlled trial, 70 couples will be recruited within 4 months of a prostate cancer diagnosis through urology private practices and randomized to: 1) Coping-Together or 2) a minimal ethical care condition. Minimal ethical care condition couples will be mailed information booklets available at the Cancer Council New South Wales and a brochure for the Cancer Council Helpline. The primary outcome (anxiety) and additional secondary outcomes (distress, depression, dyadic adjustment, quality of life, illness or caregiving appraisal, self-efficacy, and dyadic and individual coping) will be assessed at baseline (before receiving study material) and 2 months post-baseline. Intention-to-treat and per protocol analysis will be conducted. DISCUSSION: As partners' distress rates exceed not only population norms, but also those reported by patients themselves, it is imperative that coping skills interventions target the couple as a unit and enhance both partners' ability to overcome cancer challenges. This pilot study will examine the feasibility and potential efficacy of Coping-Together in optimising couples' illness adjustment. This is one of the first feasibility studies to test this innovative coping intervention, which in turn will contribute to the larger literature advocating for psychosocial care of couples affected by prostate cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12611000438954. AD - Translational Cancer Research Unit, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, South Western Sydney Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Liverpool, BC NSW, 2170, Australia. FAU - Lambert, Sylvie D AU - Lambert SD FAU - Girgis, Afaf AU - Girgis A FAU - Turner, Jane AU - Turner J FAU - McElduff, Patrick AU - McElduff P FAU - Kayser, Karen AU - Kayser K FAU - Vallentine, Paula AU - Vallentine P LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120926 PL - England TA - Health Qual Life Outcomes JT - Health and quality of life outcomes JID - 101153626 SB - IM MH - *Adaptation, Psychological MH - Double-Blind Method MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Female MH - Health Education MH - Hotlines MH - Humans MH - Male MH - New South Wales MH - Outcome Assessment (Health Care)/methods MH - Pamphlets MH - Pilot Projects MH - Problem Solving MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis/*psychology MH - Psychometrics MH - Research Design MH - Self Care/*methods MH - *Social Support MH - Spouses/education/*psychology MH - Stress, Psychological/diagnosis/prevention & control MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC3489876 OID - NLM: PMC3489876 EDAT- 2012/09/28 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/09 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/28 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/17 [received] PHST- 2012/09/17 [accepted] PHST- 2012/09/26 [aheadofprint] AID - 1477-7525-10-119 [pii] AID - 10.1186/1477-7525-10-119 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2012 Sep 26;10:119. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-10-119. PMID- 23008326 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121022 DCOM- 20130122 IS - 1527-7755 (Electronic) IS - 0732-183X (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 30 DP - 2012 Oct 20 TI - Sexuality and intimacy after definitive treatment and subsequent androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. PG - 3720-5 LID - 10.1200/JCO.2012.41.8509 [doi] AB - There are more than 2 million prostate cancer survivors in the United States. Primary therapy with surgery or radiation results in permanent changes in sexual function. More than half of these men are subsequently treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) at some point. The addition of ADT further compromises sexuality, intimacy, and a couple's relationship. This review will highlight the challenges faced by patients and couples and reveal the tremendous need for better education of physicians, patients, and couples as well as for more research in sexuality and intimacy with the goal of improving quality of life for this large population of survivors. Suggestions for clinicians to better help patients and their partners regarding sexuality and intimacy are offered. AD - FACP, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA 98109-1023, USA. thigano@u.washington.edu FAU - Higano, Celestia S AU - Higano CS LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20120924 PL - United States TA - J Clin Oncol JT - Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology JID - 8309333 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) SB - IM MH - Androgen Antagonists/*adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - Interpersonal Relations MH - Male MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*therapy MH - Quality of Life MH - Sexual Partners MH - *Sexuality MH - *Survivors EDAT- 2012/09/26 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/26 06:00 PHST- 2012/09/24 [aheadofprint] AID - JCO.2012.41.8509 [pii] AID - 10.1200/JCO.2012.41.8509 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Oncol. 2012 Oct 20;30(30):3720-5. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2012.41.8509. Epub 2012 Sep 24. PMID- 22999447 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121030 DCOM- 20130108 IS - 1527-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0090-4295 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Certificate of need regulations and the diffusion of intensity-modulated radiotherapy. PG - 1015-20 LID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.042 [doi] LID - S0090-4295(12)00864-3 [pii] AB - OBJECTIVE: To better understand the associations between the certificate of need regulations and intensity-modulated radiotherapy dissemination. METHODS: Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare data, we identified men (aged >/= 66 years) treated with radiotherapy for prostate cancer who had been diagnosed from 2001 to 2007. Using data from the American Health Planning Association, we sorted the health service areas (HSAs) according to the stringency of certificate of need regulations (low vs high) in that market. We assessed our outcomes (ie, the probability of intensity-modulated radiotherapy adoption and intensity-modulated radiotherapy use in the HSAs) using Cox proportional hazards and Poisson regression models, respectively. RESULTS: The low- and high-stringency markets were similar in terms of racial composition (80% vs 85% white, P = .08), population density (1085 vs 558 people/square mile, P = .08), and income (median $38 683 vs $40 309, P = .44). However, the low-stringency markets had more patients with stage T1 disease (45% vs 36%, P < .01). The probability of intensity-modulated radiotherapy adoption across the 2 groups of HSAs was similar (P = .65). However, among the adopting HSAs, those with high stringency consistently had greater use of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (P < .01). CONCLUSION: The certificate of need regulations fail to create significant barriers to entry for intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Among the HSAs that acquired intensity-modulated radiotherapy, high-stringency markets demonstrated a greater propensity for using intensity-modulated radiotherapy. These findings raise questions regarding the ability of the certificate of need regulations to control technology dissemination. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Urology, Division of Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800, USA. brucejac@med.umich.edu FAU - Jacobs, Bruce L AU - Jacobs BL FAU - Zhang, Yun AU - Zhang Y FAU - Skolarus, Ted A AU - Skolarus TA FAU - Wei, John T AU - Wei JT FAU - Montie, James E AU - Montie JE FAU - Schroeck, Florian R AU - Schroeck FR FAU - Hollenbeck, Brent K AU - Hollenbeck BK LA - eng GR - NIH 5 T32DK007782-12/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 DK007782/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120919 PL - United States TA - Urology JT - Urology JID - 0366151 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Certificate of Need/*legislation & jurisprudence MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*radiotherapy MH - Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated/*utilization MH - Retrospective Studies MH - State Government MH - United States PMC - PMC3505690 MID - NIHMS408965 OID - NLM: NIHMS408965 OID - NLM: PMC3505690 EDAT- 2012/09/25 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/09 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/25 06:00 PMCR- 2013/11/01 00:00 PHST- 2012/05/05 [received] PHST- 2012/07/18 [revised] PHST- 2012/07/12 [accepted] PHST- 2012/09/19 [aheadofprint] AID - S0090-4295(12)00864-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.042 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urology. 2012 Nov;80(5):1015-20. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.042. Epub 2012 Sep 19. PMID- 22998919 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121012 DCOM- 20121231 IS - 1527-3792 (Electronic) IS - 0022-5347 (Linking) VI - 188 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Do Gleason patterns 3 and 4 prostate cancer represent separate disease states? PG - 1667-75 LID - 10.1016/j.juro.2012.07.055 [doi] LID - S0022-5347(12)04245-0 [pii] AB - PURPOSE: The Gleason scoring system has been the traditional basis for studies on the assessment and treatment of prostate cancer. Recent reports of long-term prostate cancer outcomes stratified by Gleason score based on the 2005 ISUP (International Society of Urological Pathology) update suggest that important aspects of the biology of prostate cancer correlate with commonly available histopathological information. In this review we present a conceptual framework for the possible existence of distinct but interrelated developmental pathways in the context of the Gleason score in considering various biological and clinical aspects of prostate cancer. This may be useful in characterizing prostate cancer as an indolent condition in some and an aggressive disease in others, in decision making for treatment, and in the interpretation of the biological course and treatment outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive review of clinical, pathological and investigational biological literature on this topic was conducted. In addition, the biological behavior of prostate cancer as interpreted from this survey was compared to that of other solid neoplasms in developing a schema for characterizing the pathogenesis of various forms of the disease. RESULTS: The Gleason scoring system has been found to have fundamental value in predicting the behavior of prostate cancer and assessing outcomes of its treatment. Increasingly, the proportion of Gleason pattern 4 in a prostatectomy specimen is being recognized as a critical factor in predicting the rates of biochemical recurrence and prostate cancer specific mortality. Under the current Gleason classification, a Gleason 3 + 3 = 6 cancer carries a minimal long-term risk of progression or mortality. Risk of biochemical recurrence and prostate cancer specific mortality increases with increasing proportions of the Gleason 4 component in the prostatectomy specimen, from 3 + 3 = 6 with tertiary 4 (ie less than 5% of a 4 component) to 3 + 4 = 7, 4 + 3 = 7 and 4 + 4 = 8. Assuming that the Gleason 4 component increases in volume more rapidly with time than well differentiated components, it can be inferred that a smaller proportion of Gleason 4 could mean that the cancer has been identified at an earlier phase in the natural history of the disease. This could explain the improved prognosis on the basis of length and lead time biases, and conceivably on the basis of a decreased likelihood of cancer cells having metastasized. Correspondingly, increasing amounts of Gleason 4 cancer in a prostate specimen might be explained in 2 ways, as the preferential growth of a single clone of Gleason 4 cells, possibly with intraprostatic spread, or the evolution of Gleason 3 cancer cells to become Gleason 4. These hypotheses have been examined by genetic analysis of metastatic deposits and by comparisons of multiple foci of cancer within individual prostates. The clinical significance of these concepts in regard to disease status at diagnosis, treatment selection, outcomes of treatment, and implications for future research on the basis of clinical and molecular observations are the basis of the developmental schemata we propose. CONCLUSIONS: Given the relatively benign nature of homogeneous, low volume Gleason 3 tumors, and the progressive risk of biochemical recurrence and prostate cancer specific mortality with increasing quantities of Gleason 4 components, we propose that Gleason 4 (and 5) cancers constitute cancer diatheses distinct from that of Gleason 3 cancer. This distinction may contribute to the understanding of the prognosis intrinsic to these biological behavioral patterns, and help guide the translation of findings at molecular and histological levels to a more precise selection of treatments. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Urology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York 10022, USA. hugh.lavery@mountsinai.org FAU - Lavery, Hugh J AU - Lavery HJ FAU - Droller, Michael J AU - Droller MJ LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20120919 PL - United States TA - J Urol JT - The Journal of urology JID - 0376374 SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Prostate/pathology MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*pathology EDAT- 2012/09/25 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/01 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/25 06:00 PHST- 2011/11/08 [received] PHST- 2012/09/19 [aheadofprint] AID - S0022-5347(12)04245-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.juro.2012.07.055 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Urol. 2012 Nov;188(5):1667-75. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.07.055. Epub 2012 Sep 19. PMID- 22998913 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121012 DCOM- 20121231 IS - 1527-3792 (Electronic) IS - 0022-5347 (Linking) VI - 188 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Natural history of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy with adjuvant radiation therapy. PG - 1761-6 LID - 10.1016/j.juro.2012.07.037 [doi] LID - S0022-5347(12)04216-4 [pii] AB - PURPOSE: We evaluated the long-term outcome of patients with biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy with adjuvant radiation therapy and determined predictors of systemic progression in these men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified 134 men with biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy plus adjuvant radiation therapy for pT(any)N0M0 disease. Median followup was 13.1 years. Survival after biochemical recurrence was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to analyze clinicopathological variables associated with systemic progression after biochemical recurrence. RESULTS: Overall, 41 patients (31.5%) with biochemical recurrence experienced systemic progression and 57 (42.5%) died, including 19 (14.2%) of prostate cancer. Median systemic progression-free and cancer specific survival were not attained at 15 years of followup after biochemical recurrence. Median time from prostatectomy to recurrence was 3.3 years. Ten-year cancer specific survival was not significantly different for patients who experienced biochemical recurrence less and greater than 3.3 years after radical prostatectomy (83% and 83%, respectively, p = 0.39). Moreover, on multivariate analysis increased pathological Gleason score (HR 1.78, p = 0.02) and rapid prostate specific antigen doubling time (less than 6-month doubling time HR 11.39, p <0.0001) were significantly associated with the risk of systemic progression. CONCLUSIONS: The natural history of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy plus adjuvant radiation therapy is heterogeneous with only a minority of these men experiencing systemic progression and death from prostate cancer. The decision to begin additional therapies in such patients must balance the risk of disease progression, based on pathological Gleason score and postoperative prostate specific antigen doubling time, against the cost and morbidity of treatment. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. boorjian.stephen@mayo.edu FAU - Boorjian, Stephen A AU - Boorjian SA FAU - Tollefson, Matthew K AU - Tollefson MK FAU - Thompson, R Houston AU - Thompson RH FAU - Rangel, Laureano J AU - Rangel LJ FAU - Bergstralh, Eric J AU - Bergstralh EJ FAU - Karnes, R Jeffrey AU - Karnes RJ LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120919 PL - United States TA - J Urol JT - The Journal of urology JID - 0376374 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*blood MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/*blood MH - *Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood/*therapy MH - Radiotherapy, Adjuvant MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Time Factors EDAT- 2012/09/25 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/01 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/25 06:00 PHST- 2012/03/13 [received] PHST- 2012/09/19 [aheadofprint] AID - S0022-5347(12)04216-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.juro.2012.07.037 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Urol. 2012 Nov;188(5):1761-6. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.07.037. Epub 2012 Sep 19. PMID- 22998904 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121012 DCOM- 20121231 IS - 1527-3792 (Electronic) IS - 0022-5347 (Linking) VI - 188 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Stepwise description and outcomes of bladder neck sparing during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. PG - 1754-60 LID - 10.1016/j.juro.2012.07.045 [doi] LID - S0022-5347(12)04224-3 [pii] AB - PURPOSE: While bladder neck sparing may improve post-prostatectomy urinary continence, there is concern that it may lead to more positive surgical margins and compromise cancer control. We compared the continence and cancer control outcomes of bladder neck sparing vs nonsparing techniques during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were prospectively collected on 1,067 robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomies done from September 2005 through October 2011. We compared the procedures according to bladder neck sparing (791) and nonsparing (276). Continence was defined by zero pad responses on the EPIC (Expanded Prostate Cancer Index) item quantifying daily use. Biochemical recurrence was defined as prostate specific antigen 0.1 ng/ml or greater. Cox regression was performed to assess factors associated with post-prostatectomy continence and biochemical recurrence-free survival. RESULTS: Median followup for bladder neck sparing vs nonsparing was 25.8 vs 51.7 months. Men treated with bladder neck sparing were more likely to have clinical T1c tumors (p <0.001) and less likely to have biopsy Gleason grade 6 or less disease (p = 0.023). They experienced fewer urinary leaks (p = 0.009) and shorter length of stay (p = 0.006). Regarding cancer control outcomes, there was no difference in bladder neck sparing vs nonsparing base (1.2% vs 2.6%, p = 0.146) and overall surgical margin positivity (each 13.8%, p = 0.985). On adjusted analyses bladder neck sparing vs nonsparing was associated with better continence (HR 1.69, 95% CI 1.43-1.99) and similar biochemical recurrence-free survival (HR 1.20, 95% CI 0.62-2.31, p = 0.596). CONCLUSIONS: Bladder neck sparing is associated with fewer urinary leak complications, shorter hospitalization and better post-prostatectomy continence without compromising cancer control compared to bladder neck nonsparing. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. FAU - Friedlander, David F AU - Friedlander DF FAU - Alemozaffar, Mehrdad AU - Alemozaffar M FAU - Hevelone, Nathanael D AU - Hevelone ND FAU - Lipsitz, Stuart R AU - Lipsitz SR FAU - Hu, Jim C AU - Hu JC LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20120919 PL - United States TA - J Urol JT - The Journal of urology JID - 0376374 SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Laparoscopy/*methods MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prostatectomy/adverse effects/*methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*surgery MH - Retrospective Studies MH - *Robotics MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Urinary Bladder MH - Urinary Incontinence/etiology/*prevention & control EDAT- 2012/09/25 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/01 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/25 06:00 PHST- 2012/03/20 [received] PHST- 2012/09/19 [aheadofprint] AID - S0022-5347(12)04224-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.juro.2012.07.045 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Urol. 2012 Nov;188(5):1754-60. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.07.045. Epub 2012 Sep 19. PMID- 22995663 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121112 DCOM- 20130114 IS - 1879-355X (Electronic) IS - 0360-3016 (Linking) VI - 84 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Dec 1 TI - Bile acid malabsorption after pelvic and prostate intensity modulated radiation therapy: an uncommon but treatable condition. PG - e601-6 LID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.2368 [doi] LID - S0360-3016(12)03313-5 [pii] AB - PURPOSE: Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is a significant therapeutic advance in prostate cancer, allowing increased tumor dose delivery and increased sparing of normal tissues. IMRT planning uses strict dose constraints to nearby organs to limit toxicity. Bile acid malabsorption (BAM) is a treatable disorder of the terminal ileum (TI) that presents with symptoms similar to radiation therapy toxicity. It has not been described in patients receiving RT for prostate cancer in the contemporary era. We describe new-onset BAM in men after IMRT for prostate cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Diagnosis of new-onset BAM was established after typical symptoms developed, selenium-75 homocholic acid taurine (SeHCAT) scanning showed 7-day retention of <15%, and patients' symptoms unequivocally responded to a bile acid sequestrant. The TI was identified on the original radiation therapy plan, and the radiation dose delivered was calculated and compared with accepted dose-volume constraints. RESULTS: Five of 423 men treated in a prospective series of high-dose prostate and pelvic IMRT were identified with new onset BAM (median age, 65 years old). All reported having normal bowel habits before RT. The volume of TI ranged from 26-141 cc. The radiation dose received by the TI varied between 11.4 Gy and 62.1 Gy (uncorrected). Three of 5 patients had TI treated in excess of 45 Gy (equivalent dose calculated in 2-Gy fractions, using an alpha/beta ratio of 3) with volumes ranging from 1.6 cc-49.0 cc. One patient had mild BAM (SeHCAT retention, 10%-15%), 2 had moderate BAM (SeHCAT retention, 5%-10%), and 2 had severe BAM (SeHCAT retention, <5%). The 3 patients whose TI received >/=45 Gy developed moderate to severe BAM, whereas those whose TI received <45 Gy had only mild to moderate BAM. CONCLUSIONS: Radiation delivered to the TI during IMRT may cause BAM. Identification of the TI from unenhanced RT planning computed tomography scans is difficult and may impede accurate dosimetric evaluation. Thorough toxicity assessment and close liaison between oncologist and gastroenterologist allow timely diagnosis and treatment. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Academic Urology Unit, Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom. FAU - Harris, Victoria AU - Harris V FAU - Benton, Barbara AU - Benton B FAU - Sohaib, Aslam AU - Sohaib A FAU - Dearnaley, David AU - Dearnaley D FAU - Andreyev, H Jervoise N AU - Andreyev HJ LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial, Phase I PT - Clinical Trial, Phase II PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120918 PL - United States TA - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys JT - International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics JID - 7603616 RN - 0 (Bile Acids and Salts) RN - 75018-70-1 (23-seleno-25-homotaurocholic acid) RN - 81-24-3 (Taurocholic Acid) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Bile Acids and Salts/*metabolism MH - Humans MH - Ileum/metabolism/*radiation effects MH - Malabsorption Syndromes/*etiology/metabolism/radionuclide imaging MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism/pathology/*radiotherapy MH - Radiation Injuries/*complications/metabolism/radionuclide imaging MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated/*adverse effects/methods MH - Taurocholic Acid/analogs & derivatives/diagnostic use/pharmacokinetics EDAT- 2012/09/22 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/15 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/22 06:00 PHST- 2012/02/11 [received] PHST- 2012/07/16 [revised] PHST- 2012/07/23 [accepted] PHST- 2012/09/18 [aheadofprint] AID - S0360-3016(12)03313-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.2368 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Dec 1;84(5):e601-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.2368. Epub 2012 Sep 18. PMID- 22995570 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121030 DCOM- 20130108 IS - 1527-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0090-4295 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Contemporary evaluation of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network prostate cancer risk classification system. PG - 1075-9 LID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.040 [doi] LID - S0090-4295(12)00862-X [pii] AB - OBJECTIVE: To analyze the National Comprehensive Cancer Network prostate cancer guidelines pretreatment risk groups in a contemporary series of patients treated with radical prostatectomy. METHODS: We analyzed our institutional radical prostatectomy database, including all patients with clinically localized disease treated from 2000 to 2010. Using the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, the patients were classified into low-, intermediate-, or high-risk groups. The pathologic outcomes were assessed, and the biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival rates were calculated and compared using the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards analysis. RESULTS: A total of 12 821 men met the inclusion criteria. The pathologic and 10-year BCR-free survival rates differed significantly by risk group (low risk, 92.1%; intermediate risk, 71.0%; and high risk, 38.8%; P < .01). Among the intermediate-risk men, the 10-year BCR-free survival was significantly greater for men assigned to the intermediate-risk group by clinical stage (88.8%) than for those deemed intermediate risk by the Gleason score (73.6%) or prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level (79.5%; P = .01). Likewise, in the high-risk men, a trend was seen toward improved 5-year BCR-free survival for patients with clinical stage T3a tumors (77.8%) compared with those considered high risk because of the Gleason score (53.7%) or PSA level (41.0%; P = .13). On multivariate analysis, clinical stage, Gleason score, and PSA level were all significantly associated with BCR. CONCLUSION: We observed heterogeneous outcomes among patients within the National Comprehensive Cancer Network intermediate- and high-risk groups. The BCR-free survival rates were superior for men with an advanced clinical stage compared with those with an advanced Gleason score or elevated PSA level. This within-group heterogeneity must be considered when choosing the treatment modality and predicting an individual patient's prognosis. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. areese11@jhmi.edu FAU - Reese, Adam C AU - Reese AC FAU - Pierorazio, Phillip M AU - Pierorazio PM FAU - Han, Misop AU - Han M FAU - Partin, Alan W AU - Partin AW LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120918 PL - United States TA - Urology JT - Urology JID - 0366151 SB - IM MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Male MH - Maryland/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - *Neoplasm Staging MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnosis/epidemiology/surgery MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Assessment/*classification MH - Risk Factors MH - Survival Rate/trends EDAT- 2012/09/22 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/09 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/22 06:00 PHST- 2012/05/10 [received] PHST- 2012/07/20 [revised] PHST- 2012/07/27 [accepted] PHST- 2012/09/18 [aheadofprint] AID - S0090-4295(12)00862-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.040 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urology. 2012 Nov;80(5):1075-9. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.040. Epub 2012 Sep 18. PMID- 22993300 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120920 DCOM- 20130104 IS - 1791-7530 (Electronic) IS - 0250-7005 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 9 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Whole-transcriptome analysis reveals established and novel associations with TMPRSS2:ERG fusion in prostate cancer. PG - 3629-41 AB - BACKGROUND/AIM: Shortcomings of current methods of prostate cancer detection call for improved biomarkers. The transmembrane protease, serine 2:ets-related gene (TMPRSS2:ERG) gene fusion leads to the overexpression of ERG, an E-twenty six (ETS) family transcription factor, and is the most prevalent genetic lesion in prostate cancer, but its clinical utility remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two radical prostatectomy samples were analysed by next-generation whole-transcriptome sequencing. The chosen samples differed in fusion gene status, as previously determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: Next-generation sequencing identified the involvement of novel and previously reported prostate cancer-related transcripts, the WNT signalling pathway, evasion of p53-mediated anti-proliferation and several ETS-regulated pathways in the prostate cancer cases examined. Overexpression of Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDIB), a gene associated with fusion-positive prostate cancer, was found to elicit spindle-shaped morphology, faster cell migration and increased cell proliferation, phenotypic changes suggestive of cancer progression. CONCLUSION: The present findings confirm the value of comprehensive sequencing for biomarker development and provide potential avenues of future study. AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Chow, Anthony AU - Chow A FAU - Amemiya, Yutaka AU - Amemiya Y FAU - Sugar, Linda AU - Sugar L FAU - Nam, Robert AU - Nam R FAU - Seth, Arun AU - Seth A LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - Greece TA - Anticancer Res JT - Anticancer research JID - 8102988 RN - 0 (EHF protein, human) RN - 0 (Oncogene Proteins, Fusion) RN - 0 (TMPRSS2-ERG fusion protein, human) RN - 0 (TP53 protein, human) RN - 0 (Transcription Factors) RN - 0 (Tumor Suppressor Protein p53) RN - 0 (WNT1 protein, human) RN - 0 (Wnt1 Protein) RN - 0 (rho-Specific Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitors) SB - IM MH - Binding Sites MH - Cell Growth Processes/physiology MH - Cell Movement/physiology MH - HEK293 Cells MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/*genetics/metabolism MH - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MH - Promoter Regions, Genetic MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism/pathology MH - Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism MH - Transcriptome MH - Tumor Cells, Cultured MH - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/biosynthesis/genetics MH - Wnt1 Protein/biosynthesis/genetics MH - rho-Specific Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitors/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism EDAT- 2012/09/21 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/05 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/21 06:00 AID - 32/9/3629 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - Anticancer Res. 2012 Sep;32(9):3629-41. PMID- 22990065 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121030 DCOM- 20130108 IS - 1527-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0090-4295 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Editorial comment. PG - 1087 LID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.05.051 [doi] LID - S0090-4295(12)00806-0 [pii] FAU - Zehnder, Pascal AU - Zehnder P FAU - Studer, Urs E AU - Studer UE LA - eng PT - Comment PT - Editorial DEP - 20120915 PL - United States TA - Urology JT - Urology JID - 0366151 RN - 0 (Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin) RN - 3599-32-4 (Indocyanine Green) SB - IM CON - Urology. 2012 Nov;80(5):1080-6. PMID: 22990053 MH - Humans MH - Indocyanine Green/*diagnostic use MH - Laparoscopy/*methods MH - *Lymph Node Excision MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Staging/*methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnosis MH - Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/*methods MH - Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin/*diagnostic use EDAT- 2012/09/20 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/09 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/20 06:00 PHST- 2012/09/15 [aheadofprint] AID - S0090-4295(12)00806-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.05.051 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urology. 2012 Nov;80(5):1087. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.05.051. Epub 2012 Sep 15. PMID- 22990056 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121030 DCOM- 20130108 IS - 1527-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0090-4295 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Monitoring quality of life among prostate cancer survivors: the feasibility of automated telephone assessment. PG - 1021-6 LID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.038 [doi] LID - S0090-4295(12)00860-6 [pii] AB - OBJECTIVE: To examine the feasibility of using automated interactive voice response calls to assess prostate cancer survivor quality of life (QOL). In light of an increasing focus on patient-centered outcomes, innovative and efficient approaches to monitor QOL among prostate cancer survivors are increasingly valuable. METHODS: Forty prostate cancer survivors less than 1 year post-treatment were enrolled at a university-based cancer center clinic from July through August 2011. We adapted the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) survey, a prostate cancer-specific QOL instrument, for use via personal telephone with interactive voice response. We compared written vs interactive voice response EPIC scores across urinary, sexual, bowel, and vitality domains. RESULTS: The median age of respondents was 63 years (range, 41-76 years) and the majority had undergone surgery (97.5%). The entire interactive voice response call was completed by 35 participants (87.5%). Over half of all interactive voice response calls were answered after 2 attempts with a median length of 11.3 minutes. On average, interactive voice response EPIC scores were slightly lower than written scores (-2.1 bowel, P = .05; -4.6 urinary incontinence, P < .01). Test-retest reliability was very high for urinary incontinence (r = .97) and sexual function domains (r = .96). Although mean scores were similar for other domains, their distributions had significant ceiling effects limiting our reliability measure interpretation. CONCLUSION: Automated interactive voice response calls are a feasible strategy for assessing prostate cancer survivor QOL. Interactive voice response could provide a low cost, sustainable, and systematic approach to measuring patient-centered outcomes, conducting comparative effectiveness research, and monitoring the quality of prostate cancer care. CI - Published by Elsevier Inc. AD - Center for Clinical Management Research, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48019, USA. tskolar@med.umich.edu FAU - Skolarus, Ted A AU - Skolarus TA FAU - Holmes-Rovner, Margaret AU - Holmes-Rovner M FAU - Hawley, Sarah T AU - Hawley ST FAU - Dunn, Rodney L AU - Dunn RL FAU - Barr, Kathryn L C AU - Barr KL FAU - Willard, Nancy R AU - Willard NR FAU - Wei, John T AU - Wei JT FAU - Piette, John D AU - Piette JD FAU - An, Lawrence C AU - An LC LA - eng GR - NIH 2 T32DK007782-06/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120916 PL - United States TA - Urology JT - Urology JID - 0366151 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Automation/*methods MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Humans MH - *Interviews as Topic MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostatectomy/*psychology MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/epidemiology/*psychology/surgery MH - *Quality of Life MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Survival Rate MH - Survivors/*psychology MH - United States/epidemiology EDAT- 2012/09/20 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/09 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/20 06:00 PHST- 2012/03/07 [received] PHST- 2012/07/12 [revised] PHST- 2012/07/25 [accepted] PHST- 2012/09/16 [aheadofprint] AID - S0090-4295(12)00860-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.038 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urology. 2012 Nov;80(5):1021-6. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.038. Epub 2012 Sep 16. PMID- 22990053 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121030 DCOM- 20130108 IS - 1527-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0090-4295 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Visualisation of the lymph node pathway in real time by laparoscopic radioisotope- and fluorescence-guided sentinel lymph node dissection in prostate cancer staging. PG - 1080-6 LID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.05.050 [doi] LID - S0090-4295(12)00800-X [pii] AB - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of visualizing lymphatic drainage of the prostate using indocyanine green. The results were compared with standard radio-guided sentinel lymph node dissection and validated by extended pelvic lymph node dissection. METHODS: From March 2010 to October 2011, (99m)Tc-labelled colloid (18 hours before surgery) and indocyanine green (immediately before surgery) were injected transrectally into the prostate of 26 consecutive patients. A dedicated laparoscopic fluorescence imaging system and a commercially available laparoscopic gamma-probe were used. Lymphatic vessels were visualized in real time and followed to identify the sentinel lymph node. All detected hot spots (fluorescent signals and/or radioactivity) were considered as sentinel lymph nodes, dissected, and removed. Each specimen of excised tissue was labeled according to its anatomic position and whether it was positive for radioactivity or fluorescence. Every patient underwent laparoscopic extended pelvic lymph node dissection and radical prostatectomy. RESULTS: Five-hundred eighty-two lymph nodes (median 22, range 11-36) were removed. Two characteristic drainage patterns were identified: one was associated with the medial umbilical ligament and the other with the internal iliac region. A direct connection with para-aortic lymph nodes was found in 3 patients. A single solitary micrometastasis was visualized by fluorescence navigation alone. A strong correlation was established between radioactive and fluorescent lymph nodes. Compared with radio-guided sentinel lymph node dissection alone, additional fluorescence-guided sentinel lymph node dissection demonstrated a further 120 lymph nodes. CONCLUSION: Using the described technique of fluorescence navigation, not only lymph nodes but also lymphatic vessels are visualized in real time. The technique appears to be as effective as sentinel lymph node dissection but easier to apply. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Urology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria. s.jeschke@salk.at FAU - Jeschke, Stephan AU - Jeschke S FAU - Lusuardi, Lukas AU - Lusuardi L FAU - Myatt, Andy AU - Myatt A FAU - Hruby, Stephan AU - Hruby S FAU - Pirich, Christian AU - Pirich C FAU - Janetschek, Guenter AU - Janetschek G LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120915 PL - United States TA - Urology JT - Urology JID - 0366151 RN - 0 (Coloring Agents) RN - 0 (Radiopharmaceuticals) RN - 0 (Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin) RN - 3599-32-4 (Indocyanine Green) SB - IM CIN - Urology. 2012 Nov;80(5):1087. PMID: 22990065 MH - Aged MH - Coloring Agents/diagnostic use MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Indocyanine Green/*diagnostic use MH - Laparoscopy/*methods MH - *Lymph Node Excision MH - Lymph Nodes/pathology/radionuclide imaging/surgery MH - Lymphatic Metastasis MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Staging/*methods MH - Pelvis MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Prognosis MH - Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnosis/secondary/surgery MH - Radiopharmaceuticals/diagnostic use MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/*methods MH - Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin/*diagnostic use EDAT- 2012/09/20 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/09 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/20 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/24 [received] PHST- 2012/05/25 [revised] PHST- 2012/05/29 [accepted] PHST- 2012/09/15 [aheadofprint] AID - S0090-4295(12)00800-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.05.050 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urology. 2012 Nov;80(5):1080-6. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.05.050. Epub 2012 Sep 15. PMID- 22988037 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121026 DCOM- 20130118 IS - 1465-3621 (Electronic) IS - 0368-2811 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 11 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Comparison of pathological outcomes of active surveillance candidates who underwent radical prostatectomy using contemporary protocols at a high-volume Korean center. PG - 1079-85 LID - 10.1093/jjco/hys147 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: We compared contemporary active surveillance protocols based on pathological outcomes in patients who underwent radical prostatectomy. METHODS: We identified the experimental cohort from prostate cancer patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between 2001 and 2011, and who met the inclusion criteria of five published active surveillance protocols, namely Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, University of California at San Francisco, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, University of Miami and Prostate Cancer Research International: Active Surveillance. To compare each protocol, we evaluated the pathological outcomes and calculated the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for each protocol according to the proportion of organ-confined Gleason/=50% decline from baseline) or RECIST response. CONCLUSION: We found a relatively high rate of (99m)Tc-MDP bone scan response to sunitinib among men with metastatic prostate cancer. Further, we found that none of the subjects exhibiting bone scan responses experienced concordant improvements in PSA or CT evidence of disease by accepted criteria. This discordance argues that osteoblastic assessment provides an incomplete assessment of treatment-induced changes. Rational development of multitargeted TKIs for prostate cancer requires improved understanding of treatment-induced bone scan changes. Optimal imaging strategies may include evaluation of perfusion or direct tumor activity. AD - Division of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Saylor, Philip J AU - Saylor PJ FAU - Mahmood, Umar AU - Mahmood U FAU - Kunawudhi, Anchisa AU - Kunawudhi A FAU - Smith, Matthew R AU - Smith MR FAU - Palmer, Edwin L AU - Palmer EL FAU - Michaelson, M Dror AU - Michaelson MD LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00299741 GR - 5K24CA121990-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Clinical Trial, Phase II PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20120914 PL - United States TA - J Nucl Med JT - Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine JID - 0217410 RN - 0 (Indoles) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Pyrroles) RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) RN - 0 (sunitinib) RN - 63347-66-0 (Technetium Tc 99m Medronate) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Protein-Tyrosine Kinases) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Bone Neoplasms/drug therapy/radiography/radionuclide imaging/secondary MH - Bone and Bones/radionuclide imaging MH - Humans MH - Indoles/pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Male MH - Molecular Targeted Therapy/*methods MH - *Orchiectomy MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/metabolism MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*pathology/surgery MH - Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*antagonists & inhibitors MH - Pyrroles/pharmacology/*therapeutic use MH - Technetium Tc 99m Medronate/*diagnostic use MH - Tomography, X-Ray Computed MH - Treatment Failure MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/*metabolism EDAT- 2012/09/18 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/15 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/18 06:00 PHST- 2012/09/14 [aheadofprint] AID - jnumed.112.105007 [pii] AID - 10.2967/jnumed.112.105007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nucl Med. 2012 Nov;53(11):1670-5. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.112.105007. Epub 2012 Sep 14. PMID- 22969256 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120912 DCOM- 20130116 IS - 1598-6357 (Electronic) IS - 1011-8934 (Linking) VI - 27 IP - 9 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Elevated insulin and insulin resistance are associated with the advanced pathological stage of prostate cancer in Korean population. PG - 1079-84 LID - 10.3346/jkms.2012.27.9.1079 [doi] AB - The study was designed to investigate the effect of serum glucose, insulin and insulin resistance on the risk of prostate cancer (CaP) and on the clinicopathological characteristics in Korean men. Subjects were retrospectively recruited from 166 CaP patients underwent radical prostatectomy and 166 age-matched benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients. The serum was taken on the morning of the day of operation and insulin resistance was assessed by homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). Men in highest tertile of insulin was associated with 55% reduced odds of CaP than those with the lowest tertile (OR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.23-0.89, P = 0.022). The patients in highest tertile of insulin had a more than 5.6 fold risk of locally advanced stage than those in the lowest tertile (OR = 5.62, 95% CI = 1.88-16.83, P = 0.002). Moreover, the patients in the highest tertile HOMA-IR group was associated with an increased risk of locally advanced stage than the lowest tertile group (OR = 3.10, 95% CI = 1.07-8.99, P = 0.037). These results suggest that elevated insulin and insulin resistance are associated with the advanced pathological stage of prostate cancer in Korean patients. AD - Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea. FAU - Yun, Seok Joong AU - Yun SJ FAU - Min, Byung-Dal AU - Min BD FAU - Kang, Ho-Won AU - Kang HW FAU - Shin, Kyung-Sub AU - Shin KS FAU - Kim, Tae-Hwan AU - Kim TH FAU - Kim, Won-Tae AU - Kim WT FAU - Lee, Sang Cheol AU - Lee SC FAU - Kim, Wun-Jae AU - Kim WJ LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120822 PL - Korea (South) TA - J Korean Med Sci JT - Journal of Korean medical science JID - 8703518 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Insulin) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Asian Continental Ancestry Group MH - Blood Glucose/analysis MH - Humans MH - Insulin/*blood MH - *Insulin Resistance MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Odds Ratio MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/etiology/*pathology MH - Republic of Korea MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC3429827 OID - NLM: PMC3429827 EDAT- 2012/09/13 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/17 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/13 06:00 PHST- 2011/12/03 [received] PHST- 2012/06/07 [accepted] PHST- 2012/08/22 [epublish] AID - 10.3346/jkms.2012.27.9.1079 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Korean Med Sci. 2012 Sep;27(9):1079-84. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2012.27.9.1079. Epub 2012 Aug 22. PMID- 22966812 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121011 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1651-226X (Electronic) IS - 0284-186X (Linking) VI - 51 IP - 8 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Prostate alpha/beta revisited -- an analysis of clinical results from 14 168 patients. PG - 963-74 LID - 10.3109/0284186X.2012.719635 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To determine the dose response parameters and the fractionation sensitivity of prostate tumours from clinical results of patients treated with external beam radiotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was based on five-year biochemical results from 14 168 patients treated with external beam radiotherapy. Treatment data from 11 330 patients treated with conventional fractionation have been corrected for overall treatment time and fitted with a logit equation. The results have been used to determine the optimum alpha/beta values that minimise differences in predictions from 2838 patients treated with hypofractionated schedules. RESULTS: Conventional fractionation data yielded logit dose response parameters for all risk groups and for all definitions of biochemical failures. The analysis of hypofractionation data led to very low alpha/beta values (1-1.7 Gy) in all mentioned cases. Neglecting the correction for overall treatment time has little impact on the derivation of alpha/beta values for prostate cancers. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the high fractionation sensitivity is an intrinsic property of prostate carcinomas and they support the use of hypofractionation to increase the therapeutic gain for these tumours. AD - Department of Radiation Physics UHL, County Council of Ostergotland, Linkoping, Sweden. alexandru.dasu@lio.se FAU - Dasu, Alexandru AU - Dasu A FAU - Toma-Dasu, Iuliana AU - Toma-Dasu I LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis DEP - 20120912 PL - England TA - Acta Oncol JT - Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) JID - 8709065 RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - *Dose Fractionation MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/*blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/immunology/*radiotherapy MH - Radiotherapy, Conformal/*methods MH - Treatment Failure MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/*blood EDAT- 2012/09/13 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/13 06:00 PHST- 2012/09/12 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.3109/0284186X.2012.719635 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Oncol. 2012 Nov;51(8):963-74. doi: 10.3109/0284186X.2012.719635. Epub 2012 Sep 12. PMID- 22937730 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121030 DCOM- 20130110 IS - 1464-410X (Electronic) IS - 1464-4096 (Linking) VI - 110 IP - 10 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Prostate cancer treatment: the times they are a' changin'. PG - 1408-11 LID - 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11441.x [doi] AD - The Prostate Centre, London, UK. FAU - Kirby, Roger AU - Kirby R FAU - Challacombe, Ben AU - Challacombe B FAU - Dasgupta, Prokar AU - Dasgupta P FAU - Fitzpatrick, John M AU - Fitzpatrick JM LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20120903 PL - England TA - BJU Int JT - BJU international JID - 100886721 RN - 0 (Androstadienes) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Cancer Vaccines) RN - 0 (Taxoids) RN - 0 (Tissue Extracts) RN - 0 (cabazitaxel) RN - 0 (sipuleucel-T) RN - 154229-18-2 (17-(3-pyridyl)-5,16-androstadien-3beta-acetate) SB - IM MH - Androstadienes/therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use MH - Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis/pathology/*therapy MH - Taxoids/therapeutic use MH - Tissue Extracts/therapeutic use EDAT- 2012/09/04 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2012/09/04 06:00 PHST- 2012/09/03 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11441.x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - BJU Int. 2012 Nov;110(10):1408-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11441.x. Epub 2012 Sep 3. PMID- 22921697 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121001 DCOM- 20121231 IS - 1527-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0090-4295 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Oct TI - Low prostate-specific antigen and no Gleason score upgrade despite more extensive cancer during active surveillance predicts insignificant prostate cancer at radical prostatectomy. PG - 883-8 LID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.05.045 [doi] LID - S0090-4295(12)00700-5 [pii] AB - OBJECTIVE: To identify parameters that predict insignificant prostate cancer in 67 radical prostatectomies after biopsy reclassification to worse disease on active surveillance. METHODS: Parameters evaluated at diagnosis and at biopsy reclassification included serum prostate-specific antigen, prostate-specific antigen density, number of positive cores, maximum percent involvement of cancer per core, and any interval negative biopsies. Gleason upgrading at biopsy reclassification was also assessed to predict insignificant cancer. RESULTS: Mean time between diagnosis and radical prostatectomies was 30.3 months with a median of 3 biopsies (range 2-9). Nineteen of 67 (28.4%) had clinically insignificant cancer at radical prostatectomy. In the entire group, there were no variables significantly associated with insignificant cancer at radical prostatectomy. In a subgroup analysis of 37 patients without Gleason pattern 4/5 at biopsy reclassification, 16/37 (43.2%) showed insignificant cancer at radical prostatectomy. In this subgroup, prostate-specific antigen at diagnosis was significantly lower in men with insignificant cancer (3.7 ng/mL) vs significant cancer (5.4 ng/mL) (P = .0005). With prostate-specific antigen <4 ng/mL at diagnosis or at biopsy reclassification, 12/13 (92.3%) men showed insignificant cancer, whereas only 4/24 (16.7%) men with prostate-specific antigen >4 ng/mL both at diagnosis and at biopsy reclassification showed insignificant cancer. CONCLUSION: Most men with biopsy reclassification while on active surveillance have significant disease at radical prostatectomy, justifying their treatment. Low prostate-specific antigen at diagnosis or at biopsy reclassification can predict a high probability of insignificant cancer in the absence of Gleason pattern 4/5 on biopsy. These men may be candidates for continuing active surveillance. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA. FAU - Han, Jeong S AU - Han JS FAU - Toll, Adam D AU - Toll AD FAU - Amin, Ali AU - Amin A FAU - Carter, H Ballentine AU - Carter HB FAU - Landis, Patricia AU - Landis P FAU - Lee, Stephen AU - Lee S FAU - Epstein, Jonathan I AU - Epstein JI LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120822 PL - United States TA - Urology JT - Urology JID - 0366151 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM CIN - Urology. 2012 Oct;80(4):888. PMID: 22921701 MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Biopsy MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - *Population Surveillance MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Prostate/*pathology/surgery MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/*blood MH - Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/*pathology/*surgery EDAT- 2012/08/28 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/01 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/28 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/12 [received] PHST- 2012/05/15 [revised] PHST- 2012/05/17 [accepted] PHST- 2012/08/22 [aheadofprint] AID - S0090-4295(12)00700-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.05.045 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urology. 2012 Oct;80(4):883-8. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.05.045. Epub 2012 Aug 22. PMID- 22916267 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120823 DCOM- 20130116 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 8 DP - 2012 TI - Cell-free circulating plasma hTERT mRNA is a useful marker for prostate cancer diagnosis and is associated with poor prognosis tumor characteristics. PG - e43470 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0043470 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the most widely used marker for diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa). It lacks specificity and predictive value, resulting in inaccurate diagnoses and overtreatment of the disease. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of plasma telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for PCa and its association with clinicopathological parameters of tumors. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Plasma hTERT mRNA levels were determined by qRT-PCR in 105 consecutive patients with elevated PSA levels and in 68 healthy volunteers. The diagnostic accuracy, the efficacy as a prognostic factor of biochemical recurrence and the association with tumor clinicopathological parameters of plasma hTERT mRNA and serum PSA tests were determined using univariate and multivariate analyses. The results show that plasma hTERT mRNA is a non-invasive biomarker for PCa diagnosis that shows higher sensitivity (85% vs. 83%), specificity (90% vs. 47%), positive predictive value (83% vs. 56%), and negative predictive value (92% vs. 77%) than serum PSA. Plasma hTERT mRNA is significantly associated with poor prognosis tumor clinicopathological parameters and is a significant independent predictor of PCa (p<0.0001). Univariate analysis identified plasma hTERT mRNA (but not serum PSA) as a significant prognostic factor of biochemical recurrence. Plasma hTERT mRNA Kaplan-Meier curves confirmed the significant differences between groups and patients with higher levels than the cut-off value showed diminished recurrence-free survival (p=0.004), whereas no differences were observed with serum PSA (p=0.38). Multivariate analysis indicated that plasma hTERT mRNA (but not serum PSA) and stage were significantly associated with biochemical recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, these findings indicate that hTERT mRNA is a useful non-invasive tumor marker for the molecular diagnosis of PCa, affording a greater diagnostic and prognostic accuracy than the PSA assay and may be of relevance in the follow-up of the disease. AD - Fundacion Investigacion Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia, Instituto de Investigacion INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain. FAU - March-Villalba, Jose A AU - March-Villalba JA FAU - Martinez-Jabaloyas, Jose M AU - Martinez-Jabaloyas JM FAU - Herrero, Maria J AU - Herrero MJ FAU - Santamaria, Jose AU - Santamaria J FAU - Alino, Salvador F AU - Alino SF FAU - Dasi, Francisco AU - Dasi F LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120820 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) RN - EC 2.7.7.49 (Telomerase) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prognosis MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood/*genetics/pathology MH - RNA, Messenger/*blood MH - Telomerase/*genetics MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/*blood/*genetics PMC - PMC3423343 OID - NLM: PMC3423343 EDAT- 2012/08/24 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/17 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/24 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/30 [received] PHST- 2012/07/20 [accepted] PHST- 2012/08/20 [epublish] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0043470 [doi] AID - PONE-D-12-12294 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e43470. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043470. Epub 2012 Aug 20. PMID- 22914529 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121009 DCOM- 20121227 IS - 1538-7755 (Electronic) IS - 1055-9965 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 10 DP - 2012 Oct TI - A prospective study of total and ionized serum calcium and time to fatal prostate cancer. PG - 1768-73 LID - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0585 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Higher levels of total and ionized serum calcium have been shown to predict fatal prostate cancer in prospective studies. Because the follow-up time in these studies was relatively short, these associations could reflect the effect of clinically significant but occult prostate tumors on serum calcium levels. If this were true, prostate cancer mortality rates among men with higher levels of serum calcium should be higher during the early follow-up period and should decline thereafter. METHODS: We tested this hypothesis by estimating the relative risk of death from prostate cancer in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III for incremental increases in total and ionized serum calcium using Cox proportional hazards regression with time-dependent effects. RESULTS: Forty-nine (49) fatal prostate cancers occurred over 204 months of follow-up and 1,069,327 person-months of observation. Men with higher total serum calcium and higher serum ionized calcium had increased risks of fatal prostate cancer during the first 96 months of follow-up [Relative Hazard (RH) = 1.50 per 0.1 mmol/L total serum calcium, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04-2.17; RH = 1.72 per 0.05 mmol/L ionized calcium, 95% CI = 1.11-2.66]. Evidence of an association between total and ionized serum calcium and prostate cancer deaths was not significant after 96 months. CONCLUSIONS: Our analyses support the hypothesis that the elevated risk for fatal prostate cancer observed in men with high serum calcium is because of the presence of extant, but occult prostate cancer. IMPACT: These findings have implications for the potential use of serum calcium in the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer. CI - 2012 AACR AD - Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA. FAU - Schwartz, Gary G AU - Schwartz GG FAU - Skinner, Halcyon G AU - Skinner HG LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120822 PL - United States TA - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev JT - Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology JID - 9200608 RN - 0 (Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein) RN - 7440-70-2 (Calcium) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Calcium/*blood MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein/physiology MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood MH - Time Factors EDAT- 2012/08/24 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/28 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/24 06:00 PHST- 2012/08/22 [aheadofprint] PHST- 2012/09/27 [aheadofprint] AID - 1055-9965.EPI-12-0585 [pii] AID - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0585 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2012 Oct;21(10):1768-73. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0585. Epub 2012 Aug 22. PMID- 22902911 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120904 DCOM- 20130122 IS - 1745-7262 (Electronic) IS - 1008-682X (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Sep TI - The prognostic factors of effective ketoconazole treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: who can benefit from ketoconazole therapy? PG - 732-7 LID - 10.1038/aja.2012.57 [doi] AB - We investigated the prognostic value of some variables of effective ketoconazole treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In total, 163 patients with mCRPC were eligible, receiving ketoconazole 200-400 mg three times daily with replacement doses of prednisone. Progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated from the beginning of the ketoconazole therapy to the onset of disease progression. The prognostic value of different variables for PFS was assessed by Cox regression analysis. The median PFS was 2.6 months (0.5-8.6 months) for these patients. The serum testosterone level changed during therapy, which decreased when the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) declined; the serum testosterone level increased as the levels of PSA relapsed. The median PFS values for patients associated with different factors were the following: 1.4 and 3.5 months for a nadir PSA of >/= 0.2 and <0.2 ng ml(-1), respectively (hazard rate (HR)=4.767, P<0.001); 3.1 and 1.6 months for a baseline testosterone of >/= 0.1 and <0.1 ng ml(-1), respectively (HR=2.865, P=0.012); 2.8 and 1.9 months for a baseline haemoglobin of >/= 120 and <120 g l(-1), respectively (HR=1.605, P<0.001); and 3.0 and 1.9 months for a PSA doubling time (PSADT) of >/= 2.0 and <2.0 months, respectively (HR=1.454, P=0.017). A risk model was constructed according to the four factors that divided patients into three subgroups of low risk (0-1 factors), moderate risk (2 factors) and high risk (3-4 factors) with PFS values of 3.6, 3.0 and 1.4 months, respectively (HR=1.619, P<0.001). A nadir PSA of >/= 0.2 ng ml(-1), a baseline testosterone of <0.1 ng ml(-1), a baseline haemoglobin of <120 g l(-1) and a PSADT of <2 months were associated with a poor PFS. This risk model could provide evidence to predict the survival benefit of ketoconazole therapy. AD - Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China. FAU - Lin, Guo-Wen AU - Lin GW FAU - Yao, Xu-Dong AU - Yao XD FAU - Ye, Ding-Wei AU - Ye DW FAU - Zhu, Yao AU - Zhu Y FAU - Zhang, Shi-Lin AU - Zhang SL FAU - Dai, Bo AU - Dai B FAU - Zhang, Hai-Liang AU - Zhang HL FAU - Shen, Yi-Jun AU - Shen YJ FAU - Ma, Chun-Guang AU - Ma CG LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120820 PL - China TA - Asian J Androl JT - Asian journal of andrology JID - 100942132 RN - 65277-42-1 (Ketoconazole) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Humans MH - Ketoconazole/*therapeutic use MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Metastasis MH - *Orchiectomy MH - Prognosis MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology EDAT- 2012/08/21 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/21 06:00 PHST- 2012/08/20 [aheadofprint] AID - aja201257 [pii] AID - 10.1038/aja.2012.57 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Asian J Androl. 2012 Sep;14(5):732-7. doi: 10.1038/aja.2012.57. Epub 2012 Aug 20. PMID- 22902910 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120904 DCOM- 20130122 IS - 1745-7262 (Electronic) IS - 1008-682X (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Re: 'Use of androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer: indications and prevalence' by Connolly et al. PG - 795 LID - 10.1038/aja.2012.53 [doi] FAU - Persson, Bo-Eric AU - Persson BE LA - eng PT - Comment PT - Letter DEP - 20120820 PL - China TA - Asian J Androl JT - Asian journal of andrology JID - 100942132 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) SB - IM CON - Asian J Androl. 2012 Mar;14(2):177-86. PMID: 22231299 MH - Androgen Antagonists/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - *Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy EDAT- 2012/08/21 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/21 06:00 PHST- 2012/08/20 [aheadofprint] AID - aja201253 [pii] AID - 10.1038/aja.2012.53 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Asian J Androl. 2012 Sep;14(5):795. doi: 10.1038/aja.2012.53. Epub 2012 Aug 20. PMID- 22902907 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120904 DCOM- 20130122 IS - 1745-7262 (Electronic) IS - 1008-682X (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Sep TI - The risks, degree of malignancy and clinical progression of prostate cancer associated with the MDM2 T309G polymorphism: a meta-analysis. PG - 726-31 LID - 10.1038/aja.2012.65 [doi] AB - To determine the risk, malignant degree and clinical progression of prostate cancer (PCa) associated with mouse double-minute 2 protein (MDM2) T309G variants, a meta-analysis was performed on all eligible published studies. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess these associations in seven studies that included 5151 cases and 1003 controls. In the overall analysis, the 309G allele was significantly associated with a decreased PCa risk (OR=0.85, 95% CI: 0.74-0.97); this was also the case for the homozygous comparison (OR=0.72, 95% CI: 0.55-0.95) and the dominant genetic model (OR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.65-0.96). The 309G allele was also found to be significantly associated with lower degrees of PCa malignancy (OR=0.85, 95% CI: 0.75-0.96) in the overall analysis, as well as in the heterozygous comparison (OR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.65-0.96), homozygous comparison (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.58-0.98) and dominant genetic model (OR=0.81, 95% CI: 0.68-0.96). Furthermore, grouping analysis showed that the 309G allele in Caucasians was significantly correlated with a decreased PCa risk (OR=0.77, 95% CI: 0.61-0.96); this was also the case in the homozygous comparison (OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.31-0.86). The grouping analysis also showed that the 309G variant in Caucasians was significantly associated with a lower degree of PCa malignancy in all of the genetic models. In addition, we found that the 309G variant in Caucasians was significantly associated with a slower PCa clinical progression in all of the genetic models. In summary, our meta-analysis showed that the MDM2 309G variant was significantly associated with a decreased PCa risk, lower malignant degree and slower clinical progression in Caucasians, but there was no obvious association in the Asian population. AD - Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. FAU - Yang, Jie AU - Yang J FAU - Gao, Wen AU - Gao W FAU - Song, Ning-Hong AU - Song NH FAU - Wang, Wei AU - Wang W FAU - Zhang, Jie-Xiu AU - Zhang JX FAU - Lu, Pei AU - Lu P FAU - Hua, Li-Xin AU - Hua LX FAU - Gu, Min AU - Gu M LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis DEP - 20120820 PL - China TA - Asian J Androl JT - Asian journal of andrology JID - 100942132 RN - EC 6.3.2.19 (MDM2 protein, human) RN - EC 6.3.2.19 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2) SB - IM MH - Alleles MH - Disease Progression MH - *Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Genotype MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Polymorphism, Genetic MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2/*genetics MH - Risk Factors EDAT- 2012/08/21 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/21 06:00 PHST- 2012/08/20 [aheadofprint] AID - aja201265 [pii] AID - 10.1038/aja.2012.65 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Asian J Androl. 2012 Sep;14(5):726-31. doi: 10.1038/aja.2012.65. Epub 2012 Aug 20. PMID- 22901185 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120820 DCOM- 20130122 IS - 1513-7368 (Print) IS - 1513-7368 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 5 DP - 2012 TI - Prostate biomarkers with reference to body mass index and duration of prostate cancer. PG - 2149-52 AB - OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to assess prostate biomarkers with reference to body mass index and duration of prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hospital based retrospective study was undertaken using data retrieved from the register maintained in the Department of Biochemistry of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal between 1st January, 2009 and 28th February, 2012. Biomarkers studied were prostate specific antigen (PSA), acid phosphatase (ACP) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (gammaGT). Demographic data including age, duration of disease, body weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were also collected. Duration of disease was categorized into three groups: <1 year, 1-2 years and >2 years. Similarly, BMI (kg/m2) was categorized into three groups: <23 kg/m2, 23-25 kg/ m2 and >25 kg/m2. Descriptive statistics and testing of hypothesis were used for the analysis using EPI INFO and SPSS 16 software. RESULTS: Out of 57 prostate cancers, serum level of PSA, ACP and PAP were increased above the cut-off point in 50 (87.5%), 30 (52.63%) and 40 (70.18%) respectively. Serum levels of PSA, ACP and PAP significantly declined with the duration of disease after diagnosis. We observed significant and inverse relation between PSA and BMI. Similar non-signficiant tendencies were apparent for ACP and PAP. CONCLUSIONS: Decreasing levels of prostate biomarkers were found with the duration of prostate cancer and with increased BMI. Out of prostate biomarkers, PSA was found to be significantly decreased with the duration of disease and BMI. AD - Department of Biochemistry, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal. bibekclb@yahoo.com FAU - Poudel, Bibek AU - Poudel B FAU - Mittal, Ankush AU - Mittal A FAU - Shrestha, Rojeet AU - Shrestha R FAU - Nepal, Ashwini Kumar AU - Nepal AK FAU - Shukla, Pramod Shanker AU - Shukla PS LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PL - Thailand TA - Asian Pac J Cancer Prev JT - Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP JID - 101130625 RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) SB - IM MH - *Body Mass Index MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Disease Progression MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Mass Screening MH - Prognosis MH - Prostate/*metabolism MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis/*metabolism MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Time Factors MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/*metabolism EDAT- 2012/08/21 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/21 06:00 PST - ppublish SO - Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(5):2149-52. PMID- 22898380 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121019 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 1879-355X (Electronic) IS - 0360-3016 (Linking) VI - 84 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Nov 15 TI - Carbon ion radiotherapy in advanced hypofractionated regimens for prostate cancer: from 20 to 16 fractions. PG - 968-72 LID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.01.072 [doi] LID - S0360-3016(12)00145-9 [pii] AB - PURPOSE: To assess the effects of differences in dose fractionation on late radiation toxicity and biochemical control in patients with prostate cancer treated with carbon ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT). METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 740 prostate cancer patients who received C-ion RT between April 2000 and February 2009 were analyzed. Of those, 664 patients followed for at least 1 year were analyzed with regard to late radiation toxicity. Biochemical relapse-free (BRF) and overall survival (OS) rates in patient subgroups with each dose-fractionation were analyzed. RESULTS: Only 1 case of grade 3 genitourinary (GU) morbidity was observed in 20 fractions, and none of the patients developed higher grade morbidities. The incidence of late GU toxicity in patients treated with 16 fractions was lower than that of patients treated with 20 fractions. The OS rate and BRF rate of the entire group at 5 years were 95.2% and 89.7%, respectively. The 5-year BRF rate of the patients treated with 16 fractions of C-ion RT (88.5%) was comparable to that of the patients treated with 20 fractions (90.2%). CONCLUSION: C-ion RT of 57.6 GyE (the physical C-ion dose [Gy]xRBE) in 16 fractions could offer an even lower incidence of genitourinary toxicity and comparable BRF rate than that in 20 fractions. Advancement in hypofractionation could be safely achieved with C-ion RT for prostate cancer. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan. FAU - Okada, Tohru AU - Okada T FAU - Tsuji, Hiroshi AU - Tsuji H FAU - Kamada, Tadashi AU - Kamada T FAU - Akakura, Koichiro AU - Akakura K FAU - Suzuki, Hiroyoshi AU - Suzuki H FAU - Shimazaki, Jun AU - Shimazaki J FAU - Tsujii, Hirohiko AU - Tsujii H CN - Working Group for Genitourinary Tumors LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120814 PL - United States TA - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys JT - International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics JID - 7603616 RN - 7440-44-0 (Carbon) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Adenocarcinoma/blood/mortality/pathology/*radiotherapy MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Carbon/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Dose Fractionation MH - Heavy Ion Radiotherapy/adverse effects/*methods MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/mortality/pathology/*radiotherapy MH - Radiation Injuries/pathology MH - Rectum/radiation effects MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Survival Rate MH - Urogenital System/radiation effects EDAT- 2012/08/18 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/18 06:00 PHST- 2011/03/10 [received] PHST- 2011/06/23 [revised] PHST- 2012/01/24 [accepted] PHST- 2012/08/14 [aheadofprint] AID - S0360-3016(12)00145-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.01.072 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Nov 15;84(4):968-72. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.01.072. Epub 2012 Aug 14. PMID- 22892455 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120820 DCOM- 20130118 IS - 1537-4513 (Electronic) IS - 1524-9557 (Linking) VI - 35 IP - 7 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Differential immunologic and microRNA effects of 2 dosing regimens of recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor. PG - 587-94 LID - 10.1097/CJI.0b013e31826b20b6 [doi] AB - Recombinant human (rh) granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has demonstrated antitumor immunologic activity in prostate and other cancers. Dosing has been empiric, and biomarkers of effect have not been established. Eight patients with biochemical relapse of prostate cancer were randomized into group A, in which they received rhGM-CSF at 250 microg/m days 1-14 of a 28-day cycle, and 8 were randomized into group B, in which they received 250 microg 3 times a week continuously. Blood dendritic cell (DC), immune suppressor cell, cytokine, and microRNA (miR) levels were examined using flow cytometric, enzyme-linked immunosorbent, and/or polymerase chain reaction-based assays. Group A had greater increases in myeloid DC and in granulocyte and monocytes. In croup B, plasmacytoid DC decreased. In group A, DC production of interleukin-12 relative to interleukin-10 decreased; this ratio increased in group B. Increases in myeloid-derived suppressor cells were observed in both the groups with increases greater in group A. Increases in regulatory T cells and in serum tumor necrosis and vascular endothelial growth factors were only observed in group A. Serum miR-155 decreased in group A. An increase in serum miR-223 and a decrease in miR-125b and miR-146a were observed in group B. The dosing of rhGM-CSF influences immune and miR effects. More DC activation and fewer myeloid-derived suppressor and regulatory T cells are observed when administered at lower doses intermittently and continuously compared with when administered at higher doses daily and cyclically. Serum levels of miRs are potentially useful biomarkers of these effects. AD - Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA. triozzp@ccf.org FAU - Triozzi, Pierre L AU - Triozzi PL FAU - Achberger, Susan AU - Achberger S FAU - Aldrich, Wayne AU - Aldrich W FAU - Elson, Paul AU - Elson P FAU - Garcia, Jorge AU - Garcia J FAU - Dreicer, Robert AU - Dreicer R LA - eng GR - R01CA118660/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Immunother JT - Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) JID - 9706083 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Pharmacological) RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) RN - 83869-56-1 (Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor) SB - IM MH - Adenocarcinoma/*drug therapy/genetics/immunology MH - Aged MH - Biomarkers, Pharmacological/metabolism MH - Clinical Protocols MH - Cytokines/metabolism MH - Dendritic Cells/*drug effects/immunology MH - Drug Dosage Calculations MH - Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/*administration & dosage MH - Humans MH - Immunosuppression MH - Male MH - MicroRNAs/*drug effects/genetics/metabolism MH - Middle Aged MH - Myeloid Cells/*drug effects/immunology MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/genetics/immunology MH - Recombinant Proteins/*administration & dosage MH - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/*drug effects/immunology EDAT- 2012/08/16 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/19 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/16 06:00 AID - 10.1097/CJI.0b013e31826b20b6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Immunother. 2012 Sep;35(7):587-94. doi: 10.1097/CJI.0b013e31826b20b6. PMID- 22879203 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121009 DCOM- 20121227 IS - 1538-7755 (Electronic) IS - 1055-9965 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 10 DP - 2012 Oct TI - Associations of serum sex steroid hormone and 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol glucuronide concentrations with prostate cancer risk among men treated with finasteride. PG - 1823-32 LID - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0695 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Finasteride, an inhibitor of 5alpha-reductase (type II), lowers intraprostatic dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is reflected in serum as reduced 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol glucuronide (3alpha-dG). It also modestly increases serum testosterone (T), estrone (E(1)), and estradiol (E(2)). In this altered hormonal milieu, it is unknown whether serum concentrations of these hormones are associated with prostate cancer risk. METHODS: In this nested case-control study of men in the finasteride arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial, sex steroid hormones and sex hormone binding globulin were measured at baseline and approximately 3-year posttreatment in 553 prostate cancer cases and 694 controls. RESULTS: Median posttreatment changes in concentrations of 3alpha-dG, T, E(1), and E(2) were -73.8%, +10.1%, +11.2%, and +7.5% (all P < 0.001), respectively. Neither the pre- nor posttreatment concentrations of 3alpha-dG, nor its change, were associated with risk. Pretreatment, high concentrations of E(1) and low concentrations of T were associated with increased cancer risk [OR; 95% confidence interval (CI) quartile 4 vs. 1: 1.38 (0.99-1.93) P(trend) = 0.03; 0.64 (0.43-0.93) P(trend) = 0.07, respectively]. Posttreatment, high concentrations of both E(1) and E(2) were associated with increased cancer risk [OR; 95% CI quartile 4 vs. 1: 1.54 (1.09-2.17) P(trend) = 0.03; 1.49 (1.07-2.07) P(trend) = 0.02, respectively]. CONCLUSIONS: Among finasteride-treated men, concentrations of 3alpha-dG were not associated with total or Gleason grades 2 to 6, 7 to 10, or 8 to 10 cancer. High serum estrogens may increase cancer risk when intraprostatic DHT is pharmacologically lowered. IMPACT: Low posttreatment serum estrogens may identify men more likely to benefit from use of finasteride to prevent prostate cancer. CI - 2012 AACR AD - Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA. akristal@fhcrc.org FAU - Kristal, Alan R AU - Kristal AR FAU - Till, Cathee AU - Till C FAU - Tangen, Catherine M AU - Tangen CM FAU - Goodman, Phyllis J AU - Goodman PJ FAU - Neuhouser, Marian L AU - Neuhouser ML FAU - Stanczyk, Frank Z AU - Stanczyk FZ FAU - Chu, Lisa W AU - Chu LW FAU - Patel, Sherfaraz K AU - Patel SK FAU - Thompson, Ian M AU - Thompson IM FAU - Reichardt, Juergen K AU - Reichardt JK FAU - Hoque, Ashraful AU - Hoque A FAU - Platz, Elizabeth A AU - Platz EA FAU - Figg, William D AU - Figg WD FAU - Van Bokhoven, Adrie AU - Van Bokhoven A FAU - Lippman, Scott M AU - Lippman SM FAU - Hsing, Ann W AU - Hsing AW LA - eng GR - P01-CA108964/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 CA015704/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 CA015704-36/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P30-CA054174/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 DK063303/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural DEP - 20120809 PL - United States TA - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev JT - Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology JID - 9200608 RN - 0 (5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Glucuronides) RN - 0 (Gonadal Steroid Hormones) RN - 0 (Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin) RN - 25126-76-5 (Androstane-3,17-diol) RN - 98319-26-7 (Finasteride) SB - IM MH - 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use MH - Aged MH - Androstane-3,17-diol/*blood MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Finasteride/*therapeutic use MH - Glucuronides/*blood MH - Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*blood MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/*etiology/*prevention & control MH - Risk MH - Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin/analysis PMC - PMC3467348 MID - NIHMS399995 OID - NLM: NIHMS399995 OID - NLM: PMC3467348 EDAT- 2012/08/11 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/28 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/11 06:00 PMCR- 2013/10/01 00:00 PHST- 2012/08/09 [aheadofprint] PHST- 2012/09/10 [aheadofprint] AID - 1055-9965.EPI-12-0695 [pii] AID - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0695 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2012 Oct;21(10):1823-32. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0695. Epub 2012 Aug 9. PMID- 22871886 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120822 DCOM- 20130116 IS - 1532-1827 (Electronic) IS - 0007-0920 (Linking) VI - 107 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Aug 21 TI - Plasma osteopontin as a biomarker of prostate cancer aggression: relationship to risk category and treatment response. PG - 840-6 LID - 10.1038/bjc.2012.345 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: High plasma osteopontin (OPN) has been linked to tumour hypoxia, metastasis, and poor prognosis. This study aims to assess whether plasma osteopontin was a biomarker of increasing progression within prostate cancer (PCa) prognostic groups and whether it reflected treatment response to local and systemic therapies. METHODS: Baseline OPN was determined in men with localised (n=199), locally recurrent (n=9) and castrate-resistant, metastatic PCa (CRPC-MET; n=37). Receiver-operating curves (ROC) were generated to describe the accuracy of OPN for distinguishing between localised risk groups or localised vs metastatic disease. We also measured OPN pre- and posttreatment, following radical prostatectomy, external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), androgen deprivation (AD) or taxane-based chemotherapy. RESULTS: The CRPC-MET patients had increased baseline values (mean 219; 56-513 ng ml(-1); P<0.0001) compared with the localised, non-metastatic group (mean 72; 12-438 ng ml(-1)). The area under the ROC to differentiate localised vs metastatic disease was improved when OPN was added to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (0.943-0.969). Osteopontin neither distinguished high-risk PCa from other localised PCa nor correlated with serum PSA at baseline. Osteopontin levels reduced in low-risk patients after radical prostatectomy (P=0.005) and in CRPC-MET patients after chemotherapy (P=0.027), but not after EBRT or AD. CONCLUSION: Plasma OPN is as good as PSA at predicting treatment response in CRPC-MET patients after chemotherapy. Our data do not support the use of plasma OPN as a biomarker of increasing tumour burden within localised PCa. AD - Departments of Radiation Oncology, Surgery and Biostatistics, University of Toronto and Ontario Cancer Institute/Princess Margaret Hospital (University Health Network), Toronto, Ontario, Canada. FAU - Thoms, J W AU - Thoms JW FAU - Dal Pra, A AU - Dal Pra A FAU - Anborgh, P H AU - Anborgh PH FAU - Christensen, E AU - Christensen E FAU - Fleshner, N AU - Fleshner N FAU - Menard, C AU - Menard C FAU - Chadwick, K AU - Chadwick K FAU - Milosevic, M AU - Milosevic M FAU - Catton, C AU - Catton C FAU - Pintilie, M AU - Pintilie M FAU - Chambers, A F AU - Chambers AF FAU - Bristow, R G AU - Bristow RG LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120807 PL - England TA - Br J Cancer JT - British journal of cancer JID - 0370635 RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) RN - 106441-73-0 (Osteopontin) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Metastasis MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/blood/pathology/therapy MH - Osteopontin/*blood MH - Prognosis MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood/pathology/therapy MH - Risk Factors MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/*blood PMC - PMC3425969 OID - NLM: PMC3425969 EDAT- 2012/08/09 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/17 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/09 06:00 PMCR- 2013/08/21 00:00 PHST- 2012/08/07 [aheadofprint] AID - bjc2012345 [pii] AID - 10.1038/bjc.2012.345 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Cancer. 2012 Aug 21;107(5):840-6. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2012.345. Epub 2012 Aug 7. PMID- 22864281 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120904 DCOM- 20130122 IS - 1745-7262 (Electronic) IS - 1008-682X (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Effect of surgical procedures on prostate tumor gene expression profiles. PG - 708-14 LID - 10.1038/aja.2012.54 [doi] AB - Current surgical treatment of prostate cancer is typically accomplished by either open radical prostatectomy (ORP) or robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP). Intra-operative procedural differences between the two surgical approaches may alter the molecular composition of resected surgical specimens, which are indispensable for molecular analysis and biomarker evaluation. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of different surgical procedures on RNA quality and genome-wide expression signature. RNA integrity number (RIN) values were compared between total RNA samples extracted from consecutive LRP (n=11) and ORP (n=24) prostate specimens. Expression profiling was performed using the Agilent human whole-genome expression microarrays. Expression differences by surgical type were analyzed by Volcano plot analysis and gene ontology analysis. Quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was used for expression validation in an independent set of LRP (n=8) and ORP (n=8) samples. The LRP procedure did not compromise RNA integrity. Differential gene expression by surgery types was limited to a small subset of genes, the number of which was smaller than that expected by chance. Unexpectedly, this small subset of differentially expressed genes was enriched for those encoding transcription factors, oxygen transporters and other previously reported surgery-induced stress-response genes, and demonstrated unidirectional reduction in LRP specimens in comparison to ORP specimens. The effect of the LRP procedure on RNA quality and genome-wide transcript levels is negligible, supporting the suitability of LRP surgical specimens for routine molecular analysis. Blunted in vivo stress response in LRP specimens, likely mediated by CO(2) insufflation but not by longer ischemia time, is manifested in the reduced expression of stress-response genes in these specimens. AD - Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. FAU - Li, Jie AU - Li J FAU - Zhang, Zhi-Hong AU - Zhang ZH FAU - Yin, Chang-Jun AU - Yin CJ FAU - Pavlovich, Christian AU - Pavlovich C FAU - Luo, Jun AU - Luo J FAU - Getzenberg, Robert AU - Getzenberg R FAU - Zhang, Wei AU - Zhang W LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Validation Studies DEP - 20120806 PL - China TA - Asian J Androl JT - Asian journal of andrology JID - 100942132 RN - 0 (DNA Primers) RN - 0 (RNA, Neoplasm) SB - IM MH - Base Sequence MH - DNA Primers MH - *Gene Expression Profiling MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics/*surgery MH - RNA, Neoplasm/genetics MH - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction EDAT- 2012/08/07 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/07 06:00 PHST- 2012/08/06 [aheadofprint] AID - aja201254 [pii] AID - 10.1038/aja.2012.54 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Asian J Androl. 2012 Sep;14(5):708-14. doi: 10.1038/aja.2012.54. Epub 2012 Aug 6. PMID- 22863976 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120815 DCOM- 20130110 IS - 1361-6560 (Electronic) IS - 0031-9155 (Linking) VI - 57 IP - 17 DP - 2012 Sep 7 TI - Evaluation of the deformation and corresponding dosimetric implications in prostate cancer treatment. PG - 5361-79 LID - 10.1088/0031-9155/57/17/5361 [doi] AB - The cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging modality is an integral component of image-guided adaptive radiation therapy (IGART), which uses patient-specific dynamic/temporal information for potential treatment plan modification. In this study, an offline process for the integral component IGART framework has been implemented that consists of deformable image registration (DIR) and its validation, dose reconstruction, dose accumulation and dose verification. This study compares the differences between planned and estimated delivered doses under an IGART framework of five patients undergoing prostate cancer radiation therapy. The dose calculation accuracy on CBCT was verified by measurements made in a Rando pelvic phantom. The accuracy of DIR on patient image sets was evaluated in three ways: landmark matching with fiducial markers, visual image evaluation and unbalanced energy (UE); UE has been previously demonstrated to be a feasible method for the validation of DIR accuracy at a voxel level. The dose calculated on each CBCT image set was reconstructed and accumulated over all fractions to reflect the 'actual dose' delivered to the patient. The deformably accumulated (delivered) plans were then compared to the original (static) plans to evaluate tumor and normal tissue dose discrepancies. The results support the utility of adaptive planning, which can be used to fully elucidate the dosimetric impact based on the simulated delivered dose to achieve the desired tumor control and normal tissue sparing, which may be of particular importance in the context of hypofractionated radiotherapy regimens. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. nwen1@hfhs.org FAU - Wen, Ning AU - Wen N FAU - Glide-Hurst, Carri AU - Glide-Hurst C FAU - Nurushev, Teamour AU - Nurushev T FAU - Xing, Lei AU - Xing L FAU - Kim, Jinkoo AU - Kim J FAU - Zhong, Hualiang AU - Zhong H FAU - Liu, Dezhi AU - Liu D FAU - Liu, Manju AU - Liu M FAU - Burmeister, Jay AU - Burmeister J FAU - Movsas, Benjamin AU - Movsas B FAU - Chetty, Indrin J AU - Chetty IJ LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120803 PL - England TA - Phys Med Biol JT - Physics in medicine and biology JID - 0401220 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Calibration MH - Cone-Beam Computed Tomography MH - Humans MH - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/*methods MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Models, Biological MH - Pelvis MH - Phantoms, Imaging MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/radiography/*radiotherapy MH - Radiometry MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted MH - Radiotherapy, Image-Guided MH - Retrospective Studies EDAT- 2012/08/07 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/07 06:00 PHST- 2012/08/03 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1088/0031-9155/57/17/5361 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Phys Med Biol. 2012 Sep 7;57(17):5361-79. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/57/17/5361. Epub 2012 Aug 3. PMID- 22859401 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121009 DCOM- 20121227 IS - 1538-7755 (Electronic) IS - 1055-9965 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 10 DP - 2012 Oct TI - Associations of lifestyle factors and anthropometric measures with repeat PSA levels during active surveillance/monitoring. PG - 1877-85 LID - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0411 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Assessment of prostate-specific antigen increase with time (PSA growth) is a fundamental component of active surveillance among men with localized prostate cancer. Factors that influence PSA growth, however, are unclear. We evaluated associations of anthropometric and lifestyle factors with age-related PSA growth. METHODS: Repeat PSA measures from 404 men, aged 50 to 69 years, with localized prostate cancer undergoing active monitoring were obtained. From log(PSA) measures, age-specific multilevel mixed effect linear models were developed to predict PSA at age 50 years and yearly increase in postdiagnosis PSA. Baseline anthropometric measures, alcohol consumption, occupational class, smoking status, and physical activity were added to the model as covariates. RESULTS: The median number of repeat PSAs was 13 (range, 2-40), and the mean duration of follow-up was 4.8 years (SD, 2.3). The basic model of age-related PSA growth in men with localized prostate cancer estimated a mean PSA at age 50 of 3.95 ng/mL [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.55 to 4.39] and a yearly increase of 8.50% (95% CI: 7.90% to 9.10%). PSA at age 50 years was 2.1% lower per unit increase in weighted exercise score (95% CI: -3.3 to -0.8), 5.3% lower per 5 cm increase in height (95% CI: -9.4 to -1.1), and 24.5% higher (95% CI: 4.0 to 49.1) in current smokers than never smokers. Similar associations with PSA growth were seen. CONCLUSION: Smoking and exercise are modifiable lifestyle factors that may be associated with PSA levels in men with localized prostate cancer undergoing active monitoring/surveillance. IMPACT: These factors may be useful in understanding etiology of progression. CI - 2012 AACR AD - MRC Centre for Causal Analysis in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. anya.burton@bristol.ac.uk FAU - Burton, Anya J AU - Burton AJ FAU - Martin, Richard M AU - Martin RM FAU - Donovan, Jenny L AU - Donovan JL FAU - Lane, J Athene AU - Lane JA FAU - Davis, Michael AU - Davis M FAU - Hamdy, Freddie C AU - Hamdy FC FAU - Neal, David E AU - Neal DE FAU - Tilling, Kate AU - Tilling K LA - eng SI - ISRCTN/ISRCTN20141297 GR - Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120802 PL - United States TA - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev JT - Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology JID - 9200608 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - *Body Height MH - Cohort Studies MH - Disease Progression MH - Exercise MH - Humans MH - *Life Style MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/*blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/*etiology MH - Smoking EDAT- 2012/08/04 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/28 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/04 06:00 PHST- 2012/08/02 [aheadofprint] PHST- 2012/09/13 [aheadofprint] AID - 1055-9965.EPI-12-0411 [pii] AID - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0411 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2012 Oct;21(10):1877-85. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0411. Epub 2012 Aug 2. PMID- 22859398 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121009 DCOM- 20121227 IS - 1538-7755 (Electronic) IS - 1055-9965 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 10 DP - 2012 Oct TI - Variation in IL10 and other genes involved in the immune response and in oxidation and prostate cancer recurrence. PG - 1774-82 LID - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0458 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: To evaluate the association of variation in genes involved in immune response, including IL10, production and detoxification of reactive oxygen species, and repair of oxidative DNA damage with risk of recurrence after surgery for localized prostate cancer. METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study of men who had a radical prostatectomy in 1993 to 2001. A total of 484 recurrence cases and 484 controls were matched on age, race, and pathologic stage and grade. Germline DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded unaffected lymph nodes. We genotyped candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in IL10, CRP, GPX1, GSR, GSTP1, hOGG1, IL1B, IL1RN, IL6, IL8, MPO, NOS2, NOS3, SOD1, SOD2, SOD3, TLR4, and TNF and tagging SNPs in IL10, CRP, GSR, IL1RN, IL6, NOS2, and NOS3. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate OR and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: The minor allele (A) in IL10 rs1800872, known to produce less interleukin-10 (IL-10), was associated with a higher risk of recurrence (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.00-3.10), and the minor allele (G) in rs1800896, known to produce more IL-10, was associated with a lower risk of recurrence (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.48-0.91). We also observed associations for candidate SNPs in CRP, GSTP1, and IL1B. A common IL10 haplotype and 2 common NOS2 haplotypes were associated with recurrence. CONCLUSION: Variation in IL10, CRP, GSTP1, IL1B, and NOS2 was associated with prostate cancer recurrence independent of pathologic prognostic factors. IMPACT: This study supports that genetic variation in immune response and oxidation influence prostate cancer recurrence risk and suggests genetic variation in these pathways may inform prognosis. CI - 2012 AACR AD - Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. FAU - Dluzniewski, Paul J AU - Dluzniewski PJ FAU - Wang, Ming-Hsi AU - Wang MH FAU - Zheng, Siqun Lilly AU - Zheng SL FAU - De Marzo, Angelo M AU - De Marzo AM FAU - Drake, Charles G AU - Drake CG FAU - Fedor, Helen L AU - Fedor HL FAU - Partin, Alan W AU - Partin AW FAU - Han, Misop AU - Han M FAU - Fallin, M Daniele AU - Fallin MD FAU - Xu, Jianfeng AU - Xu J FAU - Isaacs, William B AU - Isaacs WB FAU - Platz, Elizabeth A AU - Platz EA LA - eng GR - P50 CA58236/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 CA112517/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 CA112517/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 CA009314/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20120802 PL - United States TA - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev JT - Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology JID - 9200608 RN - 0 (IL10 protein, human) RN - 0 (Interleukin-1beta) RN - 130068-27-8 (Interleukin-10) RN - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein) RN - EC 2.5.1.18 (GSTP1 protein, human) RN - EC 2.5.1.18 (Glutathione S-Transferase pi) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - C-Reactive Protein/genetics MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Genetic Variation MH - Glutathione S-Transferase pi/genetics MH - Haplotypes MH - Humans MH - Interleukin-10/*genetics MH - Interleukin-1beta/genetics MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*genetics/immunology/metabolism MH - Oxidation-Reduction MH - *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics/immunology/metabolism PMC - PMC3467312 MID - NIHMS397453 OID - NLM: NIHMS397453 OID - NLM: PMC3467312 EDAT- 2012/08/04 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/28 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/04 06:00 PMCR- 2013/10/01 00:00 PHST- 2012/08/02 [aheadofprint] PHST- 2012/09/25 [aheadofprint] AID - 1055-9965.EPI-12-0458 [pii] AID - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0458 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2012 Oct;21(10):1774-82. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0458. Epub 2012 Aug 2. PMID- 22853988 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121029 DCOM- 20130103 IS - 2212-2672 (Print) VI - 112 IP - 11 DP - 2012 Nov TI - A novel measure of dietary change in a prostate cancer dietary program incorporating mindfulness training. PG - 1822-7 LID - 10.1016/j.jand.2012.06.008 [doi] LID - S2212-2672(12)00742-3 [pii] AB - Diet may represent a modifiable prostate cancer risk factor, but a vegetable-based prostate-healthy diet is a major change for most men. We used a ratio of animal to vegetable proteins (A:V) to evaluate whether a comprehensive dietary change was self-sustaining following completion of 11 weekly dietary and cooking classes that integrated mindfulness training. Thirty-six men with recurring prostate cancer were randomized to the intervention or wait-list control. Assessments were at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Of 17 men randomized to the intervention, 14 completed the requirements. Nineteen were randomized to control and 17 completed requirements. Compared with controls, a significant postintervention (3 months) decrease in A:V in the intervention group (P=0.01) was self-maintained 3 months postintervention (P=0.049). At each assessment, A:V was correlated with lycopene, fiber, saturated fat, and dietary cholesterol, four dietary components linked to clinically relevant outcomes in prostate cancer. Change in A:V was also significantly correlated with changes in fiber, saturated fat, and dietary cholesterol intake. Participants reported regular mindfulness training practice, and there was a significant correlation between mindfulness training practice and changes in both initiation and maintenance of the change in A:V. These pilot results provide encouraging evidence for the feasibility of a dietary program that includes mindfulness training in supporting dietary change for men with recurrent prostate cancer and invite further study to explore the possible role of mindfulness training as a means of supporting both initiation of dietary changes and maintenance of those changes over time. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. FAU - Carmody, James F AU - Carmody JF FAU - Olendzki, Barbara C AU - Olendzki BC FAU - Merriam, Philip A AU - Merriam PA FAU - Liu, Qin AU - Liu Q FAU - Qiao, Yongxia AU - Qiao Y FAU - Ma, Yunsheng AU - Ma Y LA - eng GR - 1R01HL094575-01A1/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HL094575/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20120731 PL - United States TA - J Acad Nutr Diet JT - Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics JID - 101573920 RN - 0 (Dietary Proteins) RN - 0 (Vegetable Proteins) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Diet/*psychology MH - Dietary Proteins/*administration & dosage MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Food Habits MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Meat MH - Nutritional Sciences/*education MH - *Patient Education as Topic MH - Pilot Projects MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diet therapy MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Vegetable Proteins/administration & dosage MH - Vegetables MH - Waiting Lists PMC - PMC3483420 MID - NIHMS398816 OID - NLM: NIHMS398816 OID - NLM: PMC3483420 EDAT- 2012/08/03 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/04 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/03 06:00 PMCR- 2013/11/01 00:00 PHST- 2011/12/07 [received] PHST- 2012/05/16 [accepted] PHST- 2012/07/31 [aheadofprint] AID - S2212-2672(12)00742-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jand.2012.06.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012 Nov;112(11):1822-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2012.06.008. Epub 2012 Jul 31. PMID- 22853851 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120820 DCOM- 20130117 IS - 1879-0887 (Electronic) IS - 0167-8140 (Linking) VI - 104 IP - 2 DP - 2012 Aug TI - Long term results of a prospective dose escalation phase-II trial: interstitial pulsed-dose-rate brachytherapy as boost for intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer. PG - 181-6 LID - 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.07.003 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: We reviewed our seven year single institution experience with pulsed dose rate brachytherapy dose escalation study in patients with intermediate and high risk prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We treated a total of 130 patients for intermediate and high risk prostate cancer at our institution between 2000 and 2007 using PDR-brachytherapy as a boost after conformal external beam radiation therapy to 50.4 Gy. The majority of patients had T2 disease (T1c 6%, T2 75%, T3 19%). Seventy three patients had intermediate-risk and 53 patients had high-risk disease according to the D'Amico classification. The dose of the brachytherapy boost was escalated from 25 to 35 Gy - 33 pts. received 25 Gy (total dose 75 Gy), 63 pts. 30 Gy (total dose 80 Gy) and 34 pts. 35 Gy, (total dose 85 Gy) given in one session (dose per pulse was 0.60 Gy or 0.70 Gy/h, 24h per day, night and day, with a time interval of 1h between two pulses). PSA-recurrence-free survival according to Kaplan-Meier using the Phoenix definition of biochemical failure was calculated and also late toxicities according to Common Toxicity Criteria scale were assessed. RESULTS: At the time of analysis with a median follow-up of 60 months biochemical control was achieved by 88% of patients - only 16/130 patients (12.3%) developed a biochemical relapse. Biochemical relapse free survival calculated according to Kaplan-Meier for all patients at 5 years was 85.6% (83.9% for intermediate-risk patients and 84.2% for high-risk patients) and at 9 years' follow up it was 79.0%. Analysing biochemical relapse free survival separately for different boost dose levels, at 5 years it was 97% for the 35 Gy boost dose and 82% for the 25 and 30 Gy dose levels. The side effects of therapy were negligible: There were 18 cases (15%) of grade 1/2 rectal proctitis, one case (0.8%) of grade 3 proctitis, 18 cases (15%) of grade 1/2 cystitis, and no cases (0%) with dysuria grade 3. No patient had a bulbourethral stricture requiring dilation or new onset incontinence. CONCLUSIONS: Image-guided conformal PDR-brachytherapy using up to 35 Gy as boost dose after 50 Gy of external beam radiation therapy (total dose up to 85 Gy) is a very effective treatment option with very low morbidity in patients with intermediate or high risk prostate cancer. Further dose escalation seems possible. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. AD - University Hospital Erlangen, Germany. FAU - Lettmaier, Sebastian AU - Lettmaier S FAU - Lotter, Michael AU - Lotter M FAU - Kreppner, Stephan AU - Kreppner S FAU - Strnad, Annedore AU - Strnad A FAU - Fietkau, Rainer AU - Fietkau R FAU - Strnad, Vratislav AU - Strnad V LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial, Phase II PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120730 PL - Ireland TA - Radiother Oncol JT - Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology JID - 8407192 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Brachytherapy/adverse effects/*methods MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Dose Fractionation MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Kaplan-Meier Estimate MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Invasiveness/pathology MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/mortality/*pathology/therapy MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/mortality/*pathology/*radiotherapy MH - Radiation Dosage MH - Radiation Injuries/prevention & control MH - Radiotherapy, Conformal/adverse effects/*methods MH - Risk Assessment MH - Statistics, Nonparametric MH - Survival Analysis MH - Time MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/08/03 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/18 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/03 06:00 PHST- 2010/11/24 [received] PHST- 2012/07/09 [revised] PHST- 2012/07/11 [accepted] PHST- 2012/07/30 [aheadofprint] AID - S0167-8140(12)00319-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.07.003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Radiother Oncol. 2012 Aug;104(2):181-6. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.07.003. Epub 2012 Jul 30. PMID- 22850553 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120822 DCOM- 20130116 IS - 1532-1827 (Electronic) IS - 0007-0920 (Linking) VI - 107 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Aug 21 TI - Phase II study of first-line sagopilone plus prednisone in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer: a phase II study of the Department of Defense Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Consortium. PG - 808-13 LID - 10.1038/bjc.2012.339 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Preclinical studies in prostate cancer (PC) models demonstrated the anti-tumour activity of the first fully synthetic epothilone, sagopilone. This is the first study to investigate the activity and safety of sagopilone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant PC (CRPC). METHODS: Chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic CRPC received sagopilone (one cycle: 16 mg m(-2) intravenously over 3 h q3w) plus prednisone (5 mg twice daily). The primary efficacy evaluation was prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response rate (>/=50% PSA reduction confirmed >/=28 days apart). According to the Simon two-stage design, >/=3 PSA responders were necessary within the first 13 evaluable patients for recruitment to continue until 46 evaluable patients were available. RESULTS: In all, 53 patients received >/=2 study medication cycles, with high compliance. Mean individual dose was 15.1+/-1.4 mg m(-2) during initial six cycles, mean dose intensity 94+/-9%. The confirmed PSA response rate was 37%. Median overall progression-free survival was 6.4 months. The most commonly reported adverse events (>10% of patients) were peripheral neuropathy (94.3%), fatigue (54.7%) and pain in the extremities (47.2%). Sagopilone was associated with very little haematological toxicity. CONCLUSION: This study shows that first-line sagopilone has noteworthy anti-tumour activity and a clinically significant level of neuropathy for patients with metastatic chemotherapy-naive CRPC. AD - Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Mail code CH14R, 3303 SW Bond Avenue, Portland, OR 97239, USA. beert@ohsu.edu FAU - Beer, T M AU - Beer TM FAU - Smith, D C AU - Smith DC FAU - Hussain, A AU - Hussain A FAU - Alonso, M AU - Alonso M FAU - Wang, J AU - Wang J FAU - Giurescu, M AU - Giurescu M FAU - Roth, K AU - Roth K FAU - Wang, Y AU - Wang Y LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial, Phase II PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120731 PL - England TA - Br J Cancer JT - British journal of cancer JID - 0370635 RN - 0 (Benzothiazoles) RN - 0 (Epothilones) RN - 0 (sagopilone) RN - 53-03-2 (Prednisone) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Benzothiazoles/administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Epothilones/administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Orchiectomy MH - Prednisone/administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Prognosis MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology/surgery PMC - PMC3425976 OID - NLM: PMC3425976 EDAT- 2012/08/02 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/17 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/02 06:00 PMCR- 2013/08/21 00:00 PHST- 2012/07/31 [aheadofprint] AID - bjc2012339 [pii] AID - 10.1038/bjc.2012.339 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Cancer. 2012 Aug 21;107(5):808-13. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2012.339. Epub 2012 Jul 31. PMID- 22845412 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120731 DCOM- 20130103 IS - 1744-8328 (Electronic) IS - 1473-7140 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 7 DP - 2012 Jul TI - Radiotherapy following radical prostatectomy. PG - 973-9 LID - 10.1586/era.12.66 [doi] AB - Radiotherapy following radical prostatectomy has been controversial and no consensus has developed on the most appropriate use of radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy. In the last decade the results of three randomized controlled trials examining the effects of early radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy in patients with high-risk features (positive surgical margins, extracapsular extension and seminal vesical involvement) have been published. The results of these trials indicate that early radiotherapy changes the natural history of high-risk prostate cancer. Specifically, early radiotherapy reduces the risk of biochemical recurrence, improves clinical disease-free survival, decreases the utilization of salvage androgen suppression and, in the study with longest follow-up, early radiotherapy improves overall survival. This article will review the evidence, provide a commentary on the existing evidence, and describe key issues going forward (timing of radiotherapy, androgen suppression and radiotherapy techniques). AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. FAU - Patel, Pretesh AU - Patel P FAU - Lee, W Robert AU - Lee WR LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Expert Rev Anticancer Ther JT - Expert review of anticancer therapy JID - 101123358 SB - IM MH - Adenocarcinoma/mortality/radiotherapy/*surgery MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/radiotherapy/surgery MH - Prostatectomy/*methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/mortality/radiotherapy/*surgery MH - Radiotherapy, Adjuvant MH - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic MH - Salvage Therapy/methods EDAT- 2012/08/01 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/04 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/01 06:00 AID - 10.1586/era.12.66 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2012 Jul;12(7):973-9. doi: 10.1586/era.12.66. PMID- 22845411 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120731 DCOM- 20130103 IS - 1744-8328 (Electronic) IS - 1473-7140 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 7 DP - 2012 Jul TI - Hypofractionated radiotherapy in prostate cancer. PG - 965-72 LID - 10.1586/era.12.70 [doi] AB - In regards to prostate cancer, the classic radiotherapy dose ranges from 70-80 Gy, administered in daily 2-Gy fractions. However, when taking into account the particular radiobiological model of prostate cancer cells, one realizes that there is a potential theoretical advantage to delivering a greater biological effective dose per treatment in a lower number of fractions. Both recent and older publications have attempted to explore this treatment option. This critical review comprehensively examines the current state of knowledge concerning hypofractionated radiotherapy in prostate cancer. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Hopital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 Boulevard de l'Assomption, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada. FAU - Vavassis, Peter AU - Vavassis P FAU - Nguyen, David H A AU - Nguyen DH FAU - Bahary, Jean-Paul AU - Bahary JP FAU - Yassa, Michael AU - Yassa M LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Expert Rev Anticancer Ther JT - Expert review of anticancer therapy JID - 101123358 SB - IM MH - Clinical Trials as Topic MH - *Dose Fractionation MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*radiotherapy MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/08/01 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/04 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/01 06:00 AID - 10.1586/era.12.70 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2012 Jul;12(7):965-72. doi: 10.1586/era.12.70. PMID- 22845410 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120731 DCOM- 20130103 IS - 1744-8328 (Electronic) IS - 1473-7140 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 7 DP - 2012 Jul TI - Current and emerging treatments in the management of castration-resistant prostate cancer. PG - 951-64 LID - 10.1586/era.12.59 [doi] AB - Historically, patients diagnosed with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) have had poor survival rates. In recent years there have been significant advances in the treatment of CRPC. In addition to cytotoxic chemotherapy, treating physicians and their patients now have the option of several new agents that target not only androgen- and cytotoxic-mediated pathways, but also the patient's own immune system. In this review, we discuss the existing US FDA-approved therapies, a wide range of experimental treatments that are currently in development, and also palliative options for patients with symptoms secondary to metastatic disease. We also discuss the progression-free survival, overall survival, PSA levels and other end points used in clinical trials in order to evaluate and compare novel therapeutic options for CRPC. Currently, docetaxel and sipuleucel-T are the first line treatment options for patients with CRPC; approved second-line treatments for first line treatment failure are limited to cabazitaxel and abiraterone acetate. Recently, a few experimental agents, MDV3100 and radium-223, have demonstrated efficacy in improving overall survival in patients who had previously failed chemotherapy. These agents, and possibly others introduced in this review, are positioned to change the treatment landscape for CRPC. AD - Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. FAU - Shapiro, David AU - Shapiro D FAU - Tareen, Basir AU - Tareen B LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Expert Rev Anticancer Ther JT - Expert review of anticancer therapy JID - 101123358 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - 0 (Angiogenesis Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) SB - IM MH - Adenocarcinoma/*drug therapy/mortality/radiotherapy/therapy MH - Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use MH - Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Humans MH - Immunotherapy MH - Male MH - Orchiectomy MH - Palliative Care MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/mortality/radiotherapy/therapy MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/08/01 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/04 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/01 06:00 AID - 10.1586/era.12.59 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2012 Jul;12(7):951-64. doi: 10.1586/era.12.59. PMID- 22843627 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120730 DCOM- 20130110 IS - 1349-9157 (Electronic) IS - 0449-3060 (Linking) VI - 53 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Jul TI - Surveillance on interfacility differences in dose-prescription policy of intensity-modulated radiation therapy plans for prostate cancer. PG - 608-14 LID - 10.1093/jrr/rrs016 [doi] AB - Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has recently become popular in Japan. Prostate cancer is indisputably one of the main targets of IMRT. However, the current status and interfacility differences in dose-prescription policies for prostate IMRT are unknown. Therefore, a nationwide survey of 43 institutions that had implemented prostate IMRT was conducted by sending a questionnaire regarding the above-mentioned issues. Thirty-three institutions (77%) had responded to the questionnaire by the end of October 2010. A total of 5245 patients with localized prostate cancer had been treated with IMRT by the end of 2009. Regular multileaf collimator-based techniques were the most common beam delivery method. Dose-prescription policies were divided into four major categories: isocenter-based (@isocenter), dose delivered to 95% of the planning target volume (PTV) (D95)-based (D95@PTV), mean dose to the PTV-based (Mean@PTV), and mean dose to the clinical target volume (CTV)-based (@CTV). The mean doses of the CTV and PTV, and the volume of the PTV receiving 95% of the dose (V95) were significantly higher with the D95@PTV policy than with the other prescription policies. Low-dose areas and hot spots were observed within the PTV in plans with @isocenter and @CTV policies. In conclusion, there are currently considerable differences among institutions in Japan regarding target doses for prostate IMRT. The D95@PTV prescription policy resulted in significant dose escalation compared with the other policies. These differences should be taken into consideration when interpreting treatment outcomes and creating multi-institutional protocols in the future. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied Therapy, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan. mizo@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp FAU - Mizowaki, Takashi AU - Mizowaki T FAU - Hatano, Kazuo AU - Hatano K FAU - Hiraoka, Masahiro AU - Hiraoka M LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120606 PL - England TA - J Radiat Res JT - Journal of radiation research JID - 0376611 SB - IM MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation MH - Humans MH - Japan MH - Male MH - Medical Oncology/methods/*standards MH - Prostate/radiation effects MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*radiotherapy MH - Questionnaires MH - *Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/methods MH - Radiotherapy, Conformal/*methods/standards MH - Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated/*methods/standards MH - Reproducibility of Results PMC - PMC3393351 OID - NLM: PMC3393351 EDAT- 2012/07/31 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/31 06:00 PMCR- 2013/07/01 00:00 PHST- 2012/06/06 [aheadofprint] AID - rrs016 [pii] AID - 10.1093/jrr/rrs016 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Radiat Res. 2012 Jul;53(4):608-14. doi: 10.1093/jrr/rrs016. Epub 2012 Jun 6. PMID- 22843370 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120828 DCOM- 20130125 IS - 1349-9157 (Electronic) IS - 0449-3060 (Linking) VI - 53 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Salvage radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy: outcomes and prognostic factors especially focusing on pathological findings. PG - 727-34 LID - 10.1093/jrr/rrs034 [doi] AB - External beam radiotherapy is a potential salvage or adjuvant therapy after radical prostatectomy (RP). The purpose of this study was to investigate the treatment outcome of salvage radiotherapy (RT) following RP for clinically localized prostate cancer and to identify factors that may predict the outcome of salvage RT. Between 2000 and 2006, 41 patients received salvage RT because of increasing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels following an RP for clinically localized prostate cancer. All the patients received conformal radiotherapy to the prostate bed. The prescribed radiation dose was 60-70 Gy in 26-35 fractions. The overall 5-year biochemical disease-free survival rate was 38%. A multivariate analysis showed that the following pathological findings of the surgical specimen were significantly associated with biochemical failure following salvage RT: a high Gleason score, a negative surgical margin, seminal vesicle invasion, lymphatic vessel invasion and negative vascular invasion. Among these factors, lymphatic vessel invasion was the strongest predictor. In conclusion, the pathological features affected the outcome of salvage RT following RP. Lymphatic vessel invasion was strongly associated with the risk of biochemical failure despite salvage RT. Meanwhile, vascular invasion was not a significant hazardous factor. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan. arimrad@tmd.ac.jp FAU - Hayashi, Satoko AU - Hayashi S FAU - Hayashi, Keiji AU - Hayashi K FAU - Yoshimura, Ryo-ichi AU - Yoshimura R FAU - Masuda, Hitoshi AU - Masuda H FAU - Kihara, Kazunori AU - Kihara K FAU - Shibuya, Hitoshi AU - Shibuya H LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120710 PL - England TA - J Radiat Res JT - Journal of radiation research JID - 0376611 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/pathology/*radiotherapy/*surgery MH - Radiotherapy, Conformal MH - Salvage Therapy MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC3430423 OID - NLM: PMC3430423 EDAT- 2012/07/31 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/26 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/31 06:00 PHST- 2012/07/10 [aheadofprint] AID - rrs034 [pii] AID - 10.1093/jrr/rrs034 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Radiat Res. 2012 Sep;53(5):727-34. doi: 10.1093/jrr/rrs034. Epub 2012 Jul 10. PMID- 22841018 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120820 DCOM- 20130117 IS - 1879-0887 (Electronic) IS - 0167-8140 (Linking) VI - 104 IP - 2 DP - 2012 Aug TI - Correlation between prostate brachytherapy-related urethral stricture and peri-apical urethral dosimetry: a matched case-control study. PG - 187-91 LID - 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.06.001 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Radiation dose to the bulbomembranous urethra has been shown to correlate with urethral stricture formation. This retrospective case-control study was designed to explore the relationship between dose to the apical/peri-apical regions of the urethra and development of brachytherapy (BXT)-related urethral stricture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cases were patients who developed urethral stricture after treatment with BXT as monotherapy and who had urethral dosimetry post-implant. Each case was matched with a control that had not developed urethral stricture. Dosimetry was compared between cases and controls. RESULTS: Twenty-three cases were pair matched with 23 controls. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, presenting Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) or Gleason score. The dose delivered to the peri-apical and apical urethra was significantly higher for cases when compared with controls (peri-apical urethra: mean V(150) 1.1 Vs 0.8 cc [p=0.02]; apical urethra: mean dose 200 Vs 174 Gy [p=0.01]). The distance from the prostate apex to isodose lines was also found to be significant in predicting stricture formation. CONCLUSION: There was evidence to suggest that the development of BXT-related stricture was associated with radiation dose at the apical and peri-apical urethra. Attention to the dose delivered to those areas may minimise the risk of developing such morbidity. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Medical Physics, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK. James.earley@nhs.net FAU - Earley, James J AU - Earley JJ FAU - Abdelbaky, Ather M AU - Abdelbaky AM FAU - Cunningham, Melanie J AU - Cunningham MJ FAU - Chadwick, Eliot AU - Chadwick E FAU - Langley, Stephen E M AU - Langley SE FAU - Laing, Robert W AU - Laing RW LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120726 PL - Ireland TA - Radiother Oncol JT - Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology JID - 8407192 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Brachytherapy/*adverse effects/methods MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*pathology/*radiotherapy MH - Radiation Dosage MH - Radiometry MH - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/*methods MH - Reference Values MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Assessment MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Urethra/*radiation effects MH - Urethral Stricture/epidemiology/*etiology/pathology EDAT- 2012/07/31 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/18 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/31 06:00 PHST- 2011/04/03 [received] PHST- 2012/05/17 [revised] PHST- 2012/06/10 [accepted] PHST- 2012/07/26 [aheadofprint] AID - S0167-8140(12)00262-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.06.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Radiother Oncol. 2012 Aug;104(2):187-91. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.06.001. Epub 2012 Jul 26. PMID- 22836050 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121112 DCOM- 20130114 IS - 1879-355X (Electronic) IS - 0360-3016 (Linking) VI - 84 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Dec 1 TI - Pathophysiology and natural history of anorectal sequelae following radiation therapy for carcinoma of the prostate. PG - e593-9 LID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.06.032 [doi] LID - S0360-3016(12)00858-9 [pii] AB - PURPOSE: To characterize the prevalence, pathophysiology, and natural history of chronic radiation proctitis 5 years following radiation therapy (RT) for localized carcinoma of the prostate. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Studies were performed in 34 patients (median age 68 years; range 54-79) previously randomly assigned to either 64 Gy in 32 fractions over 6.4 weeks or 55 Gy in 20 fractions over 4 weeks RT schedule using 2- and later 3-dimensional treatment technique for localized prostate carcinoma. Each patient underwent evaluations of (1) gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (Modified Late Effects in Normal Tissues Subjective, Objective, Management and Analytic scales including effect on activities of daily living [ADLs]); (2) anorectal motor and sensory function (manometry and graded balloon distension); and (3) anal sphincteric morphology (endoanal ultrasound) before RT, at 1 month, and annually for 5 years after its completion. RESULTS: Total GI symptom scores increased after RT and remained above baseline levels at 5 years and were associated with reductions in (1) basal anal pressures, (2) responses to squeeze and increased intra-abdominal pressure, (3) rectal compliance and (4) rectal volumes of sensory perception. Anal sphincter morphology was unchanged. At 5 years, 44% and 21% of patients reported urgency of defecation and rectal bleeding, respectively, and 48% impairment of ADLs. GI symptom scores and parameters of anorectal function and anal sphincter morphology did not differ between the 2 RT schedules or treatment techniques. CONCLUSIONS: Five years after RT for prostate carcinoma, anorectal symptoms continue to have a significant impact on ADLs of almost 50% of patients. These symptoms are associated with anorectal dysfunction independent of the RT schedules or treatment techniques reported here. CI - Crown Copyright (c) 2012. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia. eric.yeoh@health.sa.gov.au FAU - Yeoh, Eric K AU - Yeoh EK FAU - Holloway, Richard H AU - Holloway RH FAU - Fraser, Robert J AU - Fraser RJ FAU - Botten, Rochelle J AU - Botten RJ FAU - Di Matteo, Addolorata C AU - Di Matteo AC FAU - Butters, Julie AU - Butters J LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial, Phase III PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120724 PL - United States TA - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys JT - International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics JID - 7603616 SB - IM MH - Activities of Daily Living MH - Aged MH - Anal Canal/physiopathology/*radiation effects/ultrasonography MH - Carcinoma/*radiotherapy MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Pressure MH - Proctitis/etiology/*physiopathology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/physiopathology/*radiotherapy MH - Radiation Injuries/complications/*physiopathology MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Rectum/physiopathology/*radiation effects/ultrasonography MH - Reflex/physiology/radiation effects MH - Sensation/physiology/radiation effects MH - Time Factors EDAT- 2012/07/28 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/15 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/28 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/13 [received] PHST- 2012/06/12 [revised] PHST- 2012/06/19 [accepted] PHST- 2012/07/24 [aheadofprint] AID - S0360-3016(12)00858-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.06.032 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Dec 1;84(5):e593-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.06.032. Epub 2012 Jul 24. PMID- 22832254 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120726 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 2164-554X (Electronic) VI - 8 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Apr TI - Sipuleucel-T (Provenge) autologous vaccine approved for treatment of men with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic castrate-resistant metastatic prostate cancer. PG - 534-9 LID - 10.4161/hv.19795 [doi] AB - Sipuleucel-T (Provenge) (Sip-T) is first -in class as a therapeutic autologous vaccine approved for the treatment of men with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic castrate-resistant metastatic prostate cancer. This product is the culmination of decades of basic immunological and prostate cancer investigations and 13 y of clinical trial investigations. Sip-T represents a paradigm shift in cancer therapeutics and represents the first approved autologous therapeutic cancer vaccine, which has demonstrated a survival benefit. The potential benefit of this product is the excellent risk to benefit ratio, which will allow for the combination of this approach with other more toxic therapies. The favorable risk to benefit will also afford the opportunity for trials investigating this product earlier in the disease state and in combination with local therapies. The ability to target more localized or lower volume disease will maximize the therapeutic benefit over a longer period of time. The novelty of the platform of this approach could be used to treat any cancer with a tumor-specific cell surface target. The main product of Sip-T is the re-infusion of a patient's antigen presenting cells from leukapheresis after ex-vivo exposure to a chimeric protein of human GM-CSF and PAP. In metastatic CRPC patients three infusions of these activated cells over a month lead to statistically significant 4.1 mo increase in median survival and a 22.5% reduction in risk of death. The main side effect from this re-infusion of activated immune cells is a "flu-like" syndrome that includes chills, fatigue, fevers, back pain, nausea, joints aches and headaches in decreasing order of frequency. Immune monitoring during the clinical trials also demonstrated a specific cellular and antibody immune response, suggesting the proposed mechanism of adoptive immunotherapy to PAP was behind this survival benefit. This product also serves as a proof of principle for targeted immunotherapy for others cancers with defined cell surface markers. In summary, the approval of Sip-T based on a survival benefit and very tolerable safety profile will 1) enhance our ability to care for men with advanced prostate cancer, 2) allow for further investigations of this approach in combination with others therapies with different mechanisms of action and non-overlapping toxicities, and 3) allow further investigations earlier in the course of the disease. AD - Urology, Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA. TGardner@IUHealth.org FAU - Gardner, Thomas A AU - Gardner TA FAU - Elzey, Bennett D AU - Elzey BD FAU - Hahn, Noah M AU - Hahn NM LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Hum Vaccin Immunother JT - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JID - 101572652 RN - 0 (Cancer Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunologic Factors) RN - 0 (Tissue Extracts) RN - 0 (sipuleucel-T) SB - IM MH - Cancer Vaccines/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Drug Toxicity/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Factors/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Immunotherapy/adverse effects/methods MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Metastasis/*therapy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*secondary/*therapy MH - Survival Analysis MH - Tissue Extracts/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Treatment Outcome MH - United States EDAT- 2012/07/27 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/27 06:00 AID - 19795 [pii] AID - 10.4161/hv.19795 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2012 Apr;8(4):534-9. doi: 10.4161/hv.19795. PMID- 22832253 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120726 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 2164-554X (Electronic) VI - 8 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Apr TI - Two years of Provenge. PG - 505 LID - 10.4161/hv.20489 [doi] FAU - Riedmann, Eva M AU - Riedmann EM LA - eng PT - Editorial PT - Introductory Journal Article PL - United States TA - Hum Vaccin Immunother JT - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JID - 101572652 RN - 0 (Cancer Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunologic Factors) RN - 0 (Tissue Extracts) RN - 0 (sipuleucel-T) SB - IM MH - Cancer Vaccines/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Drug Toxicity/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Factors/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Immunotherapy/adverse effects/methods MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Metastasis/*therapy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*secondary/*therapy MH - Survival Analysis MH - Tissue Extracts/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Treatment Outcome MH - United States EDAT- 2012/07/27 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/27 06:00 AID - 20489 [pii] AID - 10.4161/hv.20489 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2012 Apr;8(4):505. doi: 10.4161/hv.20489. PMID- 22815971 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120720 DCOM- 20130116 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 7 DP - 2012 TI - Mitochondrial haplogroups and polymorphisms reveal no association with sporadic prostate cancer in a southern European population. PG - e41201 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0041201 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: It is known that mitochondria play an important role in certain cancers (prostate, renal, breast, or colorectal) and coronary disease. These organelles play an essential role in apoptosis and the production of reactive oxygen species; in addition, mtDNA also reveals the history of populations and ancient human migration. All these events and variations in the mitochondrial genome are thought to cause some cancers, including prostate cancer, and also help us to group individuals into common origin groups. The aim of the present study is to analyze the different haplogroups and variations in the sequence in the mitochondrial genome of a southern European population consisting of subjects affected (n = 239) and non-affected (n = 150) by sporadic prostate cancer. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using primer extension analysis and DNA sequencing, we identified the nine major European haplogroups and CR polymorphisms. The frequencies of the haplogroups did not differ between patients and control cohorts, whereas the CR polymorphism T16356C was significantly higher in patients with PC compared to the controls (p = 0.029). PSA, staging, and Gleason score were associated with none of the nine major European haplogroups. The CR polymorphisms G16129A (p = 0.007) and T16224C (p = 0.022) were significantly associated with Gleason score, whereas T16311C (p = 0.046) was linked with T-stage. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: Our results do not suggest that mtDNA haplogroups could be involved in sporadic prostate cancer etiology and pathogenesis as previous studies performed in middle Europe population. Although some significant associations have been obtained in studying CR polymorphisms, further studies should be performed to validate these results. AD - Laboratory of Genetic Identification, Legal Medicine and Toxicology Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain. FAU - Alvarez-Cubero, Maria Jesus AU - Alvarez-Cubero MJ FAU - Saiz Guinaldo, Maria AU - Saiz Guinaldo M FAU - Martinez-Gonzalez, Luis Javier AU - Martinez-Gonzalez LJ FAU - Alvarez Merino, Juan Carlos AU - Alvarez Merino JC FAU - Cozar Olmo, Jose Manuel AU - Cozar Olmo JM FAU - Acosta, Jose Antonio Lorente AU - Acosta JA LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120717 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (DNA, Mitochondrial) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Case-Control Studies MH - DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics MH - Europe MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Genotype MH - *Haplotypes MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Mitochondria/*physiology MH - Odds Ratio MH - *Polymorphism, Genetic MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/metabolism MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*genetics MH - Sequence Analysis, DNA MH - Spain PMC - PMC3398884 OID - NLM: PMC3398884 EDAT- 2012/07/21 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/17 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/21 06:00 PHST- 2012/02/27 [received] PHST- 2012/06/18 [accepted] PHST- 2012/07/17 [epublish] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0041201 [doi] AID - PONE-D-12-06389 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e41201. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041201. Epub 2012 Jul 17. PMID- 22815924 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120720 DCOM- 20130116 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 7 DP - 2012 TI - TAGCNA: a method to identify significant consensus events of copy number alterations in cancer. PG - e41082 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0041082 [doi] AB - Somatic copy number alteration (CNA) is a common phenomenon in cancer genome. Distinguishing significant consensus events (SCEs) from random background CNAs in a set of subjects has been proven to be a valuable tool to study cancer. In order to identify SCEs with an acceptable type I error rate, better computational approaches should be developed based on reasonable statistics and null distributions. In this article, we propose a new approach named TAGCNA for identifying SCEs in somatic CNAs that may encompass cancer driver genes. TAGCNA employs a peel-off permutation scheme to generate a reasonable null distribution based on a prior step of selecting tag CNA markers from the genome being considered. We demonstrate the statistical power of TAGCNA on simulated ground truth data, and validate its applicability using two publicly available cancer datasets: lung and prostate adenocarcinoma. TAGCNA identifies SCEs that are known to be involved with proto-oncogenes (e.g. EGFR, CDK4) and tumor suppressor genes (e.g. CDKN2A, CDKN2B), and provides many additional SCEs with potential biological relevance in these data. TAGCNA can be used to analyze the significance of CNAs in various cancers. It is implemented in R and is freely available at http://tagcna.sourceforge.net/. AD - School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China. FAU - Yuan, Xiguo AU - Yuan X FAU - Zhang, Junying AU - Zhang J FAU - Yang, Liying AU - Yang L FAU - Zhang, Shengli AU - Zhang S FAU - Chen, Baodi AU - Chen B FAU - Geng, Yaojun AU - Geng Y FAU - Wang, Yue AU - Wang Y LA - eng GR - CA149147/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - CA160036/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - GM085665/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120718 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Adenocarcinoma/*genetics MH - Algorithms MH - Computer Simulation MH - Databases, Genetic MH - Gene Deletion MH - *Gene Dosage MH - Genome MH - Genome, Human MH - Humans MH - Lung Neoplasms/*genetics MH - Male MH - Models, Genetic MH - Models, Statistical MH - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis/methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics MH - Reproducibility of Results PMC - PMC3399811 OID - NLM: PMC3399811 EDAT- 2012/07/21 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/17 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/21 06:00 PHST- 2012/02/03 [received] PHST- 2012/06/17 [accepted] PHST- 2012/07/18 [epublish] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0041082 [doi] AID - PONE-D-12-03774 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e41082. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041082. Epub 2012 Jul 18. PMID- 22809590 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120820 DCOM- 20130117 IS - 1879-0887 (Electronic) IS - 0167-8140 (Linking) VI - 104 IP - 2 DP - 2012 Aug TI - Comparison of dose decrement from intrafraction motion for prone and supine prostate radiotherapy. PG - 199-204 LID - 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.06.008 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Dose effects of intrafraction motion during prone prostate radiotherapy are unknown. We compared prone and supine treatment using real-time tracking data to model dose coverage. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Electromagnetic tracking data were analyzed for 10 patients treated prone, and 15 treated supine, with IMRT for localized prostate cancer. Plans were generated using 0 mm, 3 mm, and 5mm PTV expansions. Manual beam-hold interventions were applied to reposition the patient when translations exceeded a predetermined threshold. A custom software application (SWIFTER) used intrafraction tracking data acquired during beam-on model delivered prostate dose, by applying rigid body transformations to the prostate structure contoured at simulation within the planned dose cloud. The delivered minimum prostate dose as a percentage of planned dose (Dmin%), and prostate volume covered by the prescription dose as a percentage of the planned volume (VRx%) were compared for prone and supine treatment. RESULTS: Dmin% was reduced for prone treatment for 0 (p=0.02) and 3 mm (p=0.03) PTV margins. VRx% was reduced for prone treatment only for 0mm margins (p=0.002). No significant differences were found using 5 mm margins. CONCLUSIONS: Intrafraction motion has a greater impact on target coverage for prone compared to supine prostate radiotherapy. PTV margins of 3 mm or less correlate with a significant decrease in delivered dose for prone treatment. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. FAU - Olsen, Jeffrey R AU - Olsen JR FAU - Parikh, Parag J AU - Parikh PJ FAU - Watts, Michael AU - Watts M FAU - Noel, Camille E AU - Noel CE FAU - Baker, Kenneth W AU - Baker KW FAU - Santanam, Lakshmi AU - Santanam L FAU - Michalski, Jeff M AU - Michalski JM LA - eng GR - R01 CA134541/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01CA134541/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20120717 PL - Ireland TA - Radiother Oncol JT - Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology JID - 8407192 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Cohort Studies MH - Dose Fractionation MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Motion MH - Neoplasm Invasiveness/pathology MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Patient Positioning/methods MH - *Prone Position MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/*radiotherapy MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/*methods MH - Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated/*methods MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Assessment MH - *Supine Position MH - Survival Analysis MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC3423556 MID - NIHMS389700 OID - NLM: NIHMS389700 OID - NLM: PMC3423556 EDAT- 2012/07/20 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/18 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/20 06:00 PMCR- 2013/08/01 00:00 PHST- 2011/05/17 [received] PHST- 2012/06/12 [revised] PHST- 2012/06/17 [accepted] PHST- 2012/07/17 [aheadofprint] AID - S0167-8140(12)00270-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.06.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Radiother Oncol. 2012 Aug;104(2):199-204. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.06.008. Epub 2012 Jul 17. PMID- 22809588 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120820 DCOM- 20130117 IS - 1879-0887 (Electronic) IS - 0167-8140 (Linking) VI - 104 IP - 2 DP - 2012 Aug TI - Feasibility of CBCT-based dose calculation: comparative analysis of HU adjustment techniques. PG - 249-56 LID - 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.06.007 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of this work was to compare the accuracy of different HU adjustments for CBCT-based dose calculation. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Dose calculation was performed on CBCT images of 30 patients. In the first two approaches phantom-based (Pha-CC) and population-based (Pop-CC) conversion curves were used. The third method (WAB) represents override of the structures with standard densities for water, air and bone. In ROI mapping approach all structures were overridden with average HUs from planning CT. All techniques were benchmarked to the Pop-CC and CT-based plans by DVH comparison and gamma-index analysis. RESULTS: For prostate plans, WAB and ROI mapping compared to Pop-CC showed differences in PTV D(median) below 2%. The WAB and Pha-CC methods underestimated the bladder dose in IMRT plans. In lung cases PTV coverage was underestimated by Pha-CC method by 2.3% and slightly overestimated by the WAB and ROI techniques. The use of the Pha-CC method for head-neck IMRT plans resulted in difference in PTV coverage up to 5%. Dose calculation with WAB and ROI techniques showed better agreement with pCT than conversion curve-based approaches. CONCLUSIONS: Density override techniques provide an accurate alternative to the conversion curve-based methods for dose calculation on CBCT images. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University Vienna/AKH Wien, Austria. irina_fotina@hotmail.com FAU - Fotina, Irina AU - Fotina I FAU - Hopfgartner, Johannes AU - Hopfgartner J FAU - Stock, Markus AU - Stock M FAU - Steininger, Thomas AU - Steininger T FAU - Lutgendorf-Caucig, Carola AU - Lutgendorf-Caucig C FAU - Georg, Dietmar AU - Georg D LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120717 PL - Ireland TA - Radiother Oncol JT - Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology JID - 8407192 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Calibration MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Cone-Beam Computed Tomography MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Female MH - Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology/radiography/radiotherapy MH - Humans MH - Lung Neoplasms/pathology/radiography/radiotherapy MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Phantoms, Imaging MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology/radiography/radiotherapy MH - Radiation Tolerance MH - Radiometry/methods MH - *Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/*methods MH - Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated/*methods MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/07/20 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/18 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/20 06:00 PHST- 2011/08/23 [received] PHST- 2012/06/10 [revised] PHST- 2012/06/17 [accepted] PHST- 2012/07/17 [aheadofprint] AID - S0167-8140(12)00268-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.06.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Radiother Oncol. 2012 Aug;104(2):249-56. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.06.007. Epub 2012 Jul 17. PMID- 22807499 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120924 DCOM- 20130121 IS - 1479-6821 (Electronic) IS - 1351-0088 (Linking) VI - 19 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Oct TI - Cutoff value of time to prostate-specific antigen nadir is inversely correlated with disease progression in advanced prostate cancer. PG - 725-30 LID - 10.1530/ERC-12-0133 [doi] AB - To identify the early predictor of progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) for different stage of advanced PC patients, we focused on time to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) nadir following primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT). We reviewed 184 advanced (locally advanced and metastatic) PC patients (101 patients with bone metastasis (BM) and 83 patients without BM at presentation) who had received PADT at our institution. We evaluated laboratory data, pathological results, and the influence of PSA kinetics impact on disease progression. The progression rates were analyzed with reference to the nadir PSA level and time to PSA nadir (TTN) following PADT by Kaplan-Meier method. In all, 103 patients (56%) progressed to CRPC. Nadir PSA lower than 0.2 ng/ml (nadir 8 months) (P<0.001), extent of disease on bone scan grade (P=0.02), and T stage (P=0.04) in BM group and nadir 11 months) (P<0.001), and T stage (P=0.03) in without BM group were independent prognostic factors for progression. In both groups, longer TTN identified patients with prolonged progression-free survival in both nadir 0.2 nadir levels. Longer TTN is strongly associated with a low risk of disease progression, and the cutoff value of TTN could be inversely correlated with disease progression. AD - Department of Urology, Ise Red Cross Hospital, Ise, Mie, Japan. FAU - Sasaki, Takeshi AU - Sasaki T FAU - Onishi, Takehisa AU - Onishi T FAU - Hoshina, Akira AU - Hoshina A LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120921 PL - England TA - Endocr Relat Cancer JT - Endocrine-related cancer JID - 9436481 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/*blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood/drug therapy/pathology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Time Factors MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/*blood EDAT- 2012/07/19 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/19 06:00 PHST- 2012 [ppublish] AID - ERC-12-0133 [pii] AID - 10.1530/ERC-12-0133 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Endocr Relat Cancer. 2012 Sep 21;19(5):725-30. doi: 10.1530/ERC-12-0133. Print 2012 Oct. PMID- 22805324 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120822 DCOM- 20130116 IS - 1532-1827 (Electronic) IS - 0007-0920 (Linking) VI - 107 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Aug 21 TI - To be screened or not to be screened? Modeling the consequences of PSA screening for the individual. PG - 778-84 LID - 10.1038/bjc.2012.317 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Screening with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) can reduce prostate cancer mortality, but may advance diagnosis and treatment in time and lead to overdetection and overtreatment. We estimated benefits and adverse effects of PSA screening for individuals who are deciding whether or not to be screened. METHODS: Using a microsimulation model, we estimated lifetime probabilities of prostate cancer diagnosis and death, overall life expectancy and expected time to diagnosis, both with and without screening. We calculated anticipated loss in quality of life due to prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment that would be acceptable to decide in favour of screening. RESULTS: Men who were screened had a gain in life expectancy of 0.08 years but their expected time to diagnosis decreased by 1.53 life-years. Of the screened men, 0.99% gained on average 8.08 life-years and for 17.43% expected time to diagnosis decreased by 8.78 life-years. These figures imply that the anticipated loss in quality of life owing to diagnosis and treatment should not exceed 4.8%, for screening to have a positive effect on quality-adjusted life expectancy. CONCLUSION: The decision to be screened should depend on personal preferences. The negative impact of screening might be reduced by screening men who are more willing to accept the side effects from treatment. AD - Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, Rotterdam 3000 CA, The Netherlands. e.m.wever@erasmusmc.nl FAU - Wever, E M AU - Wever EM FAU - Hugosson, J AU - Hugosson J FAU - Heijnsdijk, E A M AU - Heijnsdijk EA FAU - Bangma, C H AU - Bangma CH FAU - Draisma, G AU - Draisma G FAU - de Koning, H J AU - de Koning HJ LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20120717 PL - England TA - Br J Cancer JT - British journal of cancer JID - 0370635 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Cohort Studies MH - Early Detection of Cancer/methods MH - Humans MH - Life Expectancy MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Models, Statistical MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/*analysis MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnosis/mortality/therapy MH - Quality of Life MH - Survival Rate PMC - PMC3425982 OID - NLM: PMC3425982 EDAT- 2012/07/19 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/17 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/19 06:00 PMCR- 2013/08/21 00:00 PHST- 2012/07/17 [aheadofprint] AID - bjc2012317 [pii] AID - 10.1038/bjc.2012.317 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Br J Cancer. 2012 Aug 21;107(5):778-84. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2012.317. Epub 2012 Jul 17. PMID- 22795376 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121001 DCOM- 20121231 IS - 1527-9995 (Electronic) IS - 0090-4295 (Linking) VI - 80 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Oct TI - Role of testosterone in managing advanced prostate cancer. PG - 754-62 LID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.05.006 [doi] LID - S0090-4295(12)00534-1 [pii] AB - Androgen deprivation therapy is frequently used to treat patients with advanced prostate cancer. New therapies for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer have drawn increased attention to serum and intratumoral testosterone levels. The present review examines the role of testosterone in prostate cancer progression, discusses the nuances and potential pitfalls in measuring serum testosterone using available assays, and summarizes current data relevant to the arguments for and against achieving and maintaining the lowest possible testosterone levels during androgen deprivation therapy, including the adverse effects of such treatment. Incorporating this information, we have made recommendations incorporating testosterone evaluation and its effect on the clinical decision-making process. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA. kyle.rove@ucdenver.edu FAU - Rove, Kyle O AU - Rove KO FAU - Debruyne, Frans M AU - Debruyne FM FAU - Djavan, Bob AU - Djavan B FAU - Gomella, Leonard G AU - Gomella LG FAU - Koul, Hari K AU - Koul HK FAU - Lucia, M Scott AU - Lucia MS FAU - Petrylak, Daniel P AU - Petrylak DP FAU - Shore, Neal D AU - Shore ND FAU - Stone, Nelson N AU - Stone NN FAU - Crawford, E David AU - Crawford ED LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20120713 PL - United States TA - Urology JT - Urology JID - 0366151 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - 33515-09-2 (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) RN - 58-22-0 (Testosterone) SB - IM MH - Androgen Antagonists/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Blood Chemical Analysis MH - Disease Progression MH - Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*agonists MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood/*drug therapy MH - Testosterone/antagonists & inhibitors/*blood EDAT- 2012/07/17 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/01 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/17 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/19 [received] PHST- 2012/04/19 [revised] PHST- 2012/05/05 [accepted] PHST- 2012/07/13 [aheadofprint] AID - S0090-4295(12)00534-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.urology.2012.05.006 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urology. 2012 Oct;80(4):754-62. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.05.006. Epub 2012 Jul 13. PMID- 22789145 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120816 DCOM- 20130117 IS - 1876-1038 (Electronic) VI - 7 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Aug TI - Permanent implantation as brachytherapy technique for prostate carcinoma-review of clinical trials and guidelines. PG - 173-80 AB - Brachytherapy nowadays has become a widely accepted treatment modality in the management of localized prostate cancer. With recent improvements in ultra-sound technology, imaging, treatment planning and post-implant dosimetry, permanent implantation has become minimally invasive, well tolerated, and safe and most importantly has progressed to a treatment modality comparable to external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and radical prostatectomy. Multiple studies have proven the efficacy of brachytherapy analyzing also its superiority in health related quality of life; especially in potency preservation after treatment. AD - Radiation Oncology Unit, ATTIKON University Hospital, Xaidari, Greece. ioannispoulos@gmail.com FAU - Georgakopoulos, J AU - Georgakopoulos J FAU - Zygogianni, A AU - Zygogianni A FAU - Papadopoulos, G AU - Papadopoulos G FAU - Papandreou, N AU - Papandreou N FAU - Kouvaris, J AU - Kouvaris J FAU - Armonis, V AU - Armonis V FAU - Kelekis, N AU - Kelekis N FAU - Kouloulias, V AU - Kouloulias V LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United Arab Emirates TA - Rev Recent Clin Trials JT - Reviews on recent clinical trials JID - 101270873 RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) SB - IM MH - Brachytherapy/*methods MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use MH - Male MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*radiotherapy MH - Quality of Life MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/07/14 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/18 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/14 06:00 PHST- 2011/10/26 [received] PHST- 2012/01/13 [revised] PHST- 2012/01/13 [accepted] AID - RRCT-EPUB-20120712-1 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - Rev Recent Clin Trials. 2012 Aug;7(3):173-80. PMID- 22786751 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121031 DCOM- 20130110 IS - 1097-0142 (Electronic) IS - 0008-543X (Linking) VI - 118 IP - 22 DP - 2012 Nov 15 TI - Phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled study of zibotentan (ZD4054) in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer metastatic to bone. PG - 5709-18 LID - 10.1002/cncr.27674 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Endothelin-1 and the endothelin A (ET(A) ) receptor have been implicated in prostate cancer progression in bone. This study aimed to determine whether the specific ET(A) receptor antagonist, zibotentan, prolonged overall survival (OS) in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases who were pain-free or mildly symptomatic for pain. METHODS: Patients were randomized 1:1 to zibotentan 10 mg/day or placebo, plus standard prostate cancer treatment. The primary endpoint was OS. Secondary endpoints included times to pain progression, chemotherapy use, new bone metastases, and safety. Efficacy endpoints were analyzed using a log-rank test. RESULTS: A total of 594 patients were randomized (zibotentan, n = 299; placebo, n = 295). Median OS was 24.5 months in zibotentan-treated patients versus 22.5 months for placebo, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (hazard ratio, 0.87; 95.2% confidence interval, 0.69-1.10; P = .240). No statistically significant differences were observed for any secondary efficacy endpoints. Peripheral edema (44%) and headache (31%) were the most commonly reported adverse events in the zibotentan group. Cardiac failure events were higher in the zibotentan group than placebo (any grade, 5.7% and 1.7%; Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade >/=3, 3.0% and 1.0%, respectively); these were manageable and reversible. CONCLUSIONS: In this large, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, treatment with zibotentan 10 mg/day did not lead to a statistically significant improvement in OS in this patient population. Zibotentan had an acceptable safety profile. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Cancer Society. AD - Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. nelsonjb@upmc.edu FAU - Nelson, Joel B AU - Nelson JB FAU - Fizazi, Karim AU - Fizazi K FAU - Miller, Kurt AU - Miller K FAU - Higano, Celestia AU - Higano C FAU - Moul, Judd W AU - Moul JW FAU - Akaza, Hideyuki AU - Akaza H FAU - Morris, Thomas AU - Morris T FAU - McIntosh, Stuart AU - McIntosh S FAU - Pemberton, Kristine AU - Pemberton K FAU - Gleave, Martin AU - Gleave M LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial, Phase III PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120711 PL - United States TA - Cancer JT - Cancer JID - 0374236 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Endothelin-1) RN - 0 (Placebos) RN - 0 (Pyrrolidines) RN - 0 (Receptor, Endothelin A) RN - 0 (ZD4054) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use MH - Bone Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*secondary MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Endothelin-1/*antagonists & inhibitors MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Orchiectomy MH - Placebos MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology MH - Pyrrolidines/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Receptor, Endothelin A/*antagonists & inhibitors MH - Survival MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/07/13 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/13 06:00 PHST- 2012/02/27 [received] PHST- 2012/04/24 [revised] PHST- 2012/05/01 [accepted] PHST- 2012/07/11 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1002/cncr.27674 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer. 2012 Nov 15;118(22):5709-18. doi: 10.1002/cncr.27674. Epub 2012 Jul 11. PMID- 22782910 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121023 DCOM- 20130116 IS - 1097-0045 (Electronic) IS - 0270-4137 (Linking) VI - 72 IP - 16 DP - 2012 Dec 1 TI - Interleukin-6 promoter variants, prostate cancer risk, and survival. PG - 1701-7 LID - 10.1002/pros.22557 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Inflammation has been implicated in prostate cancer (PCa) pathogenesis. Promoter DNA variants responsible for differential expression of key cytokines may therefore influence susceptibility to PCa. METHODS: Two interleukin-6 (IL-6) promoter variants, -174G>C and -6331T>C, were genotyped for association with PCa risk and survival using the Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer Study (RFPCS, 825 cases and 732 controls) and the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS, 818 cases and 1,745 controls). Impact of genotypes on IL-6 transcriptional activity was measured using Low Density Arrays. RESULTS: A significant increase in IL-6 transcriptional activity in malignant compared to benign prostate tissue supports a role for IL-6 in PCa. The -174G>C variant showed no association with PCa risk, overall survival, or IL-6 transcriptional activity. The -6331 C-allele was significantly associated with an increased risk in the RFPCS (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.08-1.54), but not in the MCCS. In the MCCS however, cases presenting with a CC genotype conferred a higher risk of mortality (HR = 2.27, 95% CI = 1.34-3.85), which was maintained although reduced overall in the pooled analysis with RFPCS (HR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.10-2.54). Furthermore, we associate the minor C-allele with a significant decrease in IL-6 transcriptional activity. CONCLUSIONS: While our study refutes a role for IL-6 -174G>C, it is the first to implicate -6331T>C with PCa risk and poor survival. Our observation that -6331T>C has a significant impact on IL-6 transcriptional activity, calls for further investigations into the role of this variant as a novel PCa biomarker. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. AD - Cancer Genetics Group, Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia. FAU - Tindall, Elizabeth A AU - Tindall EA FAU - Severi, Gianluca AU - Severi G FAU - Hoang, Hoa N AU - Hoang HN FAU - Southey, Melissa C AU - Southey MC FAU - English, Dallas R AU - English DR FAU - Hopper, John L AU - Hopper JL FAU - Giles, Graham G AU - Giles GG FAU - Hayes, Vanessa M AU - Hayes VM CN - Australian Prostate Cancer BioResource LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120710 PL - United States TA - Prostate JT - The Prostate JID - 8101368 RN - 0 (Interleukin-6) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Alleles MH - *Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Genotype MH - Humans MH - Interleukin-6/*genetics MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MH - *Promoter Regions, Genetic MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics/mortality MH - Risk Factors MH - Survival Rate EDAT- 2012/07/12 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/17 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/12 06:00 PHST- 2012/05/16 [received] PHST- 2012/06/12 [accepted] PHST- 2012/07/10 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1002/pros.22557 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Prostate. 2012 Dec 1;72(16):1701-7. doi: 10.1002/pros.22557. Epub 2012 Jul 10. PMID- 22765866 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120706 DCOM- 20130116 IS - 1677-6119 (Electronic) IS - 1677-5538 (Linking) VI - 38 IP - 3 DP - 2012 May-Jun TI - Collagen I and III and metalloproteinase gene and protein expression in prostate cancer in relation to Gleason score. PG - 341-54; discussion 354-5 AB - PURPOSE: To evaluate if the expression of metalloproteinase, collagen I and III are related to Gleason score, preoperative PSA and pathological stage in prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our study group included radical prostatectomy specimens of 33 patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma who underwent surgery from 2001 to 2009. Patients were divided into 3 groups: Gleason score=6 (13 patients), Gleason score=7 (10 patients), Gleason score >/= 8 (10 patients). The control group included prostates of patients submitted to cystoprostatectomy and benign prostatic tissues adjacent to the cancer area. Specific areas of tissues were selected under microscope and further processed for collagen I and III analysis by real time PCR. In addition, 10 deparaffined sections of each group were used to evaluate collagen I, III and metalloproteinase immune expression. The results were correlated with Gleason score, preoperative PSA and pathological stage. RESULTS: We found significant difference in both collagen I and III gene expression between benign and tumoral areas in the prostate samples from Gleason score=6 (collagen I=0.4 +/- 0.2 vs 5 +/- 2.4, p < 0.05; collagen III=0.2 +/- 0.06 vs 0.7 +/- 0.1, p < 0.05) and Gleason score >/= 8 (collagen I=8 +/- 3.4 vs 1.4 +/- 0.8, p < 0.07; collagen III=1.8 +/- 0.5 vs 0.6 +/- 0.1, p < 0.05). There was no correlation of collagen expression with Gleason score, preoperative PSA or pathological stage. There was a positive correlation between metalloproteinase expression and Gleason score (r(2)=0.47). CONCLUSIONS: The positive correlation between metalloproteinase expression and Gleason score suggests that metalloproteinase could be a promising factor to improve Gleason score evaluation. Its expression and regulation do not seem to be related with collagen degradation. AD - Urogenital Research Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. FAU - Duarte, Antonio H AU - Duarte AH FAU - Colli, Sicilia AU - Colli S FAU - Alves-Pereira, Jorge L AU - Alves-Pereira JL FAU - Martins, Max P AU - Martins MP FAU - Sampaio, Francisco J B AU - Sampaio FJ FAU - Ramos, Cristiane F AU - Ramos CF LA - eng PT - Evaluation Studies PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - Brazil TA - Int Braz J Urol JT - International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology JID - 101158091 RN - 0 (Collagen Type I) RN - 0 (Collagen Type III) RN - EC 3.4.- (Metalloproteases) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Analysis of Variance MH - Collagen Type I/genetics/*metabolism MH - Collagen Type III/genetics/*metabolism MH - Gene Expression MH - Humans MH - Kaplan-Meier Estimate MH - Male MH - Metalloproteases/genetics/*metabolism MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/metabolism MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics/*metabolism/*pathology MH - Time Factors EDAT- 2012/07/07 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/17 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/07 06:00 PHST- 2011/11/29 [accepted] AID - IBJUv38n3a6 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - Int Braz J Urol. 2012 May-Jun;38(3):341-54; discussion 354-5. PMID- 22763081 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120801 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 1873-7560 (Electronic) IS - 0302-2838 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Best practices in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: recommendations of the Pasadena Consensus Panel. PG - 368-81 LID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.057 [doi] AB - CONTEXT: Radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) has long been the most common surgical technique used to treat clinically localized prostate cancer (PCa). More recently, robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) has been gaining increasing acceptance among patients and urologists, and it has become the dominant technique in the United States despite a paucity of prospective studies or randomized trials supporting its superiority over RRP. OBJECTIVE: A 2-d consensus conference of 17 world leaders in prostate cancer and radical prostatectomy was organized in Pasadena, California, and at the City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, California, under the auspices of the European Association of Urology Robotic Urology Section to systematically review the currently available data on RARP, to critically assess current surgical techniques, and to generate best practice recommendations to guide clinicians and related medical personnel. No commercial support was obtained for the conference. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic review of the literature was performed in agreement with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis statement. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: The results of the systematic literature review were reviewed, discussed, and refined over the 2-d conference. Key recommendations were generated using a Delphi consensus approach. RARP is associated with less blood loss and transfusion rates compared with RRP, and there appear to be minimal differences between the two approaches in terms of overall postoperative complications. Positive surgical margin rates are at least equivalent with RARP, but firm conclusions about biochemical recurrence and other oncologic end points are difficult to draw because the follow-up in existing studies is relatively short and the overall experience with RARP in locally advanced PCa is still limited. RARP may offer advantages in postoperative recovery of urinary continence and erectile function, although there are methodological limitations in most studies to date and a need for well-controlled comparative outcomes studies of radical prostatectomy surgery following best practice guidelines. Surgeon experience and institutional volume of procedures strongly predict better outcomes in all relevant domains. CONCLUSIONS: Available evidence suggests that RARP is a valuable therapeutic option for clinically localized PCa. Further research is needed to clarify the actual role of RARP in patients with locally advanced disease. CI - Copyright (c) 2012. Published by Elsevier B.V. AD - Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. montorsi.francesco@hsr.it FAU - Montorsi, Francesco AU - Montorsi F FAU - Wilson, Timothy G AU - Wilson TG FAU - Rosen, Raymond C AU - Rosen RC FAU - Ahlering, Thomas E AU - Ahlering TE FAU - Artibani, Walter AU - Artibani W FAU - Carroll, Peter R AU - Carroll PR FAU - Costello, Anthony AU - Costello A FAU - Eastham, James A AU - Eastham JA FAU - Ficarra, Vincenzo AU - Ficarra V FAU - Guazzoni, Giorgio AU - Guazzoni G FAU - Menon, Mani AU - Menon M FAU - Novara, Giacomo AU - Novara G FAU - Patel, Vipul R AU - Patel VR FAU - Stolzenburg, Jens-Uwe AU - Stolzenburg JU FAU - Van der Poel, Henk AU - Van der Poel H FAU - Van Poppel, Hein AU - Van Poppel H FAU - Mottrie, Alexandre AU - Mottrie A CN - Pasadena Consensus Panel LA - eng PT - Consensus Development Conference PT - Journal Article PT - Practice Guideline PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20120607 PL - Switzerland TA - Eur Urol JT - European urology JID - 7512719 SB - IM CIN - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):365-7. PMID: 22705383 MH - Benchmarking/*standards MH - Consensus MH - Delphi Technique MH - Evidence-Based Medicine/standards MH - Humans MH - Laparoscopy/*standards MH - Male MH - Postoperative Complications/etiology MH - Prostatectomy/adverse effects/methods/*standards MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology/*surgery MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - Robotics/*standards MH - Surgery, Computer-Assisted/adverse effects/*standards MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/07/06 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/06 06:00 PHST- 2012/02/22 [received] PHST- 2012/05/25 [accepted] PHST- 2012/06/07 [aheadofprint] AID - S0302-2838(12)00641-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.057 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):368-81. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.057. Epub 2012 Jun 7. PMID- 22761906 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120704 DCOM- 20130104 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 7 IP - 6 DP - 2012 TI - High-throughput transcriptomic and RNAi analysis identifies AIM1, ERGIC1, TMED3 and TPX2 as potential drug targets in prostate cancer. PG - e39801 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0039801 [doi] AB - Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous group of diseases and there is a need for more efficient and targeted methods of treatment. In this study, the potential of gene expression data and RNA interference technique were combined to advance future personalized prostate cancer therapeutics. To distinguish the most promising in vivo prevalidated prostate cancer drug targets, a bioinformatic analysis was carried out using genome-wide gene expression data from 9873 human tissue samples. In total, 295 genes were selected for further functional studies in cultured prostate cancer cells due to their high mRNA expression in prostate, prostate cancer or in metastatic prostate cancer samples. Second, RNAi based cell viability assay was performed in VCaP and LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Based on the siRNA results, gene expression patterns in human tissues and novelty, endoplasmic reticulum function associated targets AIM1, ERGIC1 and TMED3, as well as mitosis regulating TPX2 were selected for further validation. AIM1, ERGIC1, and TPX2 were shown to be highly expressed especially in prostate cancer tissues, and high mRNA expression of ERGIC1 and TMED3 associated with AR and ERG oncogene expression. ERGIC1 silencing specifically regulated the proliferation of ERG oncogene positive prostate cancer cells and inhibited ERG mRNA expression in these cells, indicating that it is a potent drug target in ERG positive subgroup of prostate cancers. TPX2 expression associated with PSA failure and TPX2 silencing reduced PSA expression, indicating that TPX2 regulates androgen receptor mediated signaling. In conclusion, the combinatorial usage of microarray and RNAi techniques yielded in a large number of potential novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, for future development of targeted and personalized approaches for prostate cancer management. AD - VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, and Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. FAU - Vainio, Paula AU - Vainio P FAU - Mpindi, John-Patrick AU - Mpindi JP FAU - Kohonen, Pekka AU - Kohonen P FAU - Fey, Vidal AU - Fey V FAU - Mirtti, Tuomas AU - Mirtti T FAU - Alanen, Kalle A AU - Alanen KA FAU - Perala, Merja AU - Perala M FAU - Kallioniemi, Olli AU - Kallioniemi O FAU - Iljin, Kristiina AU - Iljin K LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Validation Studies DEP - 20120628 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (AIM1 protein, human) RN - 0 (Cell Cycle Proteins) RN - 0 (Crystallins) RN - 0 (ERGIC1 protein, human) RN - 0 (Membrane Proteins) RN - 0 (Microtubule-Associated Proteins) RN - 0 (Nuclear Proteins) RN - 0 (TMED3 protein, human) RN - 0 (TPX2 protein, human) RN - 0 (Vesicular Transport Proteins) SB - IM MH - Blotting, Western MH - Cell Cycle Proteins/*genetics MH - Crystallins/*genetics MH - Gene Knockdown Techniques MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Membrane Proteins/*genetics MH - Microtubule-Associated Proteins/*genetics MH - Nuclear Proteins/*genetics MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy/*genetics MH - *RNA Interference MH - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - *Transcriptome MH - Vesicular Transport Proteins/*genetics PMC - PMC3386189 OID - NLM: PMC3386189 EDAT- 2012/07/05 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/05 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/05 06:00 PHST- 2011/10/28 [received] PHST- 2012/05/31 [accepted] PHST- 2012/06/28 [epublish] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0039801 [doi] AID - PONE-D-11-21345 [pii] PST - ppublish SO - PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e39801. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039801. Epub 2012 Jun 28. PMID- 22752647 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121026 DCOM- 20130123 IS - 1432-1335 (Electronic) IS - 0171-5216 (Linking) VI - 138 IP - 11 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Preliminary results of intensity-modulated radiation therapy with helical tomotherapy for prostate cancer. PG - 1931-6 LID - 10.1007/s00432-012-1277-0 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: We present the preliminary results of intensity-modulated radiation therapy with helical tomotherapy (HT) for clinically localized prostate cancer. METHODS: Regularly followed 241 consecutive patients, who were treated with HT between June 2006 and December 2010, were included in this retrospective study. Most patients received both relatively long-term neoadjuvant and adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Patients received 78 Gy in the intermediate high-risk group and 74 Gy in the low-risk group. Biochemical disease-free survival (bDFS) followed the Phoenix definition. Toxicity was scored according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group morbidity grading scale. RESULTS: The median follow-up time from the start date of HT was 35 months. The rates of acute Grade 2 gastro-intestinal (GI) and genitor-urinary (GU) toxicities were 11.2 and 24.5 %. No patients experienced acute Grade 3 or higher symptoms. The rates of late Grade 2 and 3 GI toxicities were 6.6 and 0.8 %, and those of late Grade 2 and 3 GU toxicities were 8.3 % and 1.2 %. No patients experienced late Grade 4 toxicity. The 3-year bDFS rates for low, intermediate, and high-risk group patients were 100, 100, and 95.8 %, respectively. We observed clinical relapse in two high-risk patients, resulting in a 3-year clinical DFS of 99.4 %. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary report confirms the feasibility of HT in a large number of patients. We observed that HT is associated with low rates of acute and late toxicities, and HT in combination with relatively long-term ADT results in excellent short-term bDFS. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusaku, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan. ntomita@aichi-cc.jp FAU - Tomita, Natsuo AU - Tomita N FAU - Soga, Norihito AU - Soga N FAU - Ogura, Yuji AU - Ogura Y FAU - Hayashi, Norio AU - Hayashi N FAU - Shimizu, Hidetoshi AU - Shimizu H FAU - Kubota, Takashi AU - Kubota T FAU - Ito, Junji AU - Ito J FAU - Hirata, Kimiko AU - Hirata K FAU - Ohshima, Yukihiko AU - Ohshima Y FAU - Tachibana, Hiroyuki AU - Tachibana H FAU - Kodaira, Takeshi AU - Kodaira T LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120701 PL - Germany TA - J Cancer Res Clin Oncol JT - Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology JID - 7902060 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Androgen Antagonists/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Chemoradiotherapy/adverse effects MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Gastrointestinal Diseases/etiology MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Male Urogenital Diseases/etiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Prostate/drug effects/pathology/*radiation effects MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy/*rehabilitation MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/07/04 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/24 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/04 06:00 PHST- 2012/05/05 [received] PHST- 2012/06/21 [accepted] PHST- 2012/07/01 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1007/s00432-012-1277-0 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2012 Nov;138(11):1931-6. doi: 10.1007/s00432-012-1277-0. Epub 2012 Jul 1. PMID- 22749853 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120801 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 1873-7560 (Electronic) IS - 0302-2838 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Systematic review and meta-analysis of perioperative outcomes and complications after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. PG - 431-52 LID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.044 [doi] AB - CONTEXT: Perioperative complications are a major surgical outcome for radical prostatectomy (RP). OBJECTIVE: Evaluate complication rates following robot-assisted RP (RARP), risk factors for complications after RARP, and surgical techniques to improve complication rates after RARP. We also performed a cumulative analysis of all studies comparing RARP with retropubic RP (RRP) or laparoscopic RP (LRP) in terms of perioperative complications. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic review of the literature was performed in August 2011, searching Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases. A free-text protocol using the term radical prostatectomy was applied. The following limits were used: humans; gender (male); and publications dating from January 1, 2008. A cumulative analysis was conducted using Review Manager software v.4.2 (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: We retrieved 110 papers evaluating oncologic outcomes following RARP. Overall mean operative time is 152 min; mean blood loss is 166 ml; mean transfusion rate is 2%; mean catheterization time is 6.3 d; and mean in-hospital stay is 1.9 d. The mean complication rate was 9%, with most of the complications being of low grade. Lymphocele/lymphorrea (3.1%), urine leak (1.8%), and reoperation (1.6%) are the most prevalent surgical complications. Blood loss (weighted mean difference: 582.77; p<0.00001) and transfusion rate (odds ratio [OR]: 7.55; p<0.00001) were lower in RARP than in RRP, whereas only transfusion rate (OR: 2.56; p=0.005) was lower in RARP than in LRP. All the other analyzed parameters were similar, regardless of the surgical approach. CONCLUSIONS: RARP can be performed routinely with a relatively small risk of complications. Surgical experience, clinical patient characteristics, and cancer characteristics may affect the risk of complications. Cumulative analyses demonstrated that blood loss and transfusion rates were significantly lower with RARP than with RRP, and transfusion rates were lower with RARP than with LRP, although all other features were similar regardless of the surgical approach. CI - Copyright (c) 2012. Published by Elsevier B.V. AD - University of Padua, Padua, Italy. giacomo.novara@unipd.it FAU - Novara, Giacomo AU - Novara G FAU - Ficarra, Vincenzo AU - Ficarra V FAU - Rosen, Raymond C AU - Rosen RC FAU - Artibani, Walter AU - Artibani W FAU - Costello, Anthony AU - Costello A FAU - Eastham, James A AU - Eastham JA FAU - Graefen, Markus AU - Graefen M FAU - Guazzoni, Giorgio AU - Guazzoni G FAU - Shariat, Shahrokh F AU - Shariat SF FAU - Stolzenburg, Jens-Uwe AU - Stolzenburg JU FAU - Van Poppel, Hendrik AU - Van Poppel H FAU - Zattoni, Filiberto AU - Zattoni F FAU - Montorsi, Francesco AU - Montorsi F FAU - Mottrie, Alexandre AU - Mottrie A FAU - Wilson, Timothy G AU - Wilson TG LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Review DEP - 20120602 PL - Switzerland TA - Eur Urol JT - European urology JID - 7512719 SB - IM MH - Chi-Square Distribution MH - Evidence-Based Medicine MH - Humans MH - Laparoscopy/*adverse effects MH - Male MH - Odds Ratio MH - Postoperative Complications/*etiology MH - Prostatectomy/*adverse effects/methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*surgery MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - *Robotics MH - Surgery, Computer-Assisted/*adverse effects MH - Time Factors MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/07/04 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/04 06:00 PHST- 2012/05/13 [received] PHST- 2012/05/22 [accepted] PHST- 2012/06/02 [aheadofprint] AID - S0302-2838(12)00628-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.044 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):431-52. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.044. Epub 2012 Jun 2. PMID- 22749852 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120801 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 1873-7560 (Electronic) IS - 0302-2838 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting urinary continence recovery after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. PG - 405-17 LID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.045 [doi] AB - CONTEXT: Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) was proposed to improve functional outcomes in comparison with retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP) or laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). In the initial RARP series, 12-mo urinary continence recovery rates ranged from 84% to 97%. However, the few available studies comparing RARP with RRP or LRP published before 2008 did not permit any definitive conclusions about the superiority of any one of these techniques in terms of urinary continence recovery. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this systematic review were (1) to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for urinary incontinence after RARP, (2) to identify surgical techniques able to improve urinary continence recovery after RARP, and (3) to perform a cumulative analysis of all available studies comparing RARP versus RRP or LRP in terms of the urinary continence recovery rate. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A literature search was performed in August 2011 using the Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases. The Medline search included only a free-text protocol using the term radical prostatectomy across the title and abstract fields of the records. The following limits were used: humans; gender (male); and publication date from January 1, 2008. Searches of the Embase and Web of Science databases used the same free-text protocol, keywords, and search period. Only comparative studies or clinical series including >100 cases reporting urinary continence outcomes were included in this review. Cumulative analysis was conducted using the Review Manager v.4.2 software designed for composing Cochrane Reviews (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: We analyzed 51 articles reporting urinary continence rates after RARP: 17 case series, 17 studies comparing different techniques in the context of RARP, 9 studies comparing RARP with RRP, and 8 studies comparing RARP with LRP. The 12-mo urinary incontinence rates ranged from 4% to 31%, with a mean value of 16% using a no pad definition. Considering a no pad or safety pad definition, the incidence ranged from 8% to 11%, with a mean value of 9%. Age, body mass index, comorbidity index, lower urinary tract symptoms, and prostate volume were the most relevant preoperative predictors of urinary incontinence after RARP. Only a few comparative studies evaluated the impact of different surgical techniques on urinary continence recovery after RARP. Posterior musculofascial reconstruction with or without anterior reconstruction was associated with a small advantage in urinary continence recovery 1 mo after RARP. Only complete reconstruction was associated with a significant advantage in urinary continence 3 mo after RARP (odds ratio [OR]: 0.76; p=0.04). Cumulative analyses showed a better 12-mo urinary continence recovery after RARP in comparison with RRP (OR: 1.53; p=0.03) or LRP (OR: 2.39; p=0.006). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of urinary incontinence after RARP is influenced by preoperative patient characteristics, surgeon experience, surgical technique, and methods used to collect and report data. Posterior musculofascial reconstruction seems to offer a slight advantage in terms of 1-mo urinary continence recovery. Update of a previous systematic review of literature shows, for the first time, a statistically significant advantage in favor of RARP in comparison with both RRP and LRP in terms of 12-mo urinary continence recovery. CI - Copyright (c) 2012. Published by Elsevier B.V. AD - University of Padua, Padua, Italy. vincenzo.ficarra@unipd.it FAU - Ficarra, Vincenzo AU - Ficarra V FAU - Novara, Giacomo AU - Novara G FAU - Rosen, Raymond C AU - Rosen RC FAU - Artibani, Walter AU - Artibani W FAU - Carroll, Peter R AU - Carroll PR FAU - Costello, Anthony AU - Costello A FAU - Menon, Mani AU - Menon M FAU - Montorsi, Francesco AU - Montorsi F FAU - Patel, Vipul R AU - Patel VR FAU - Stolzenburg, Jens-Uwe AU - Stolzenburg JU FAU - Van der Poel, Henk AU - Van der Poel H FAU - Wilson, Timothy G AU - Wilson TG FAU - Zattoni, Filiberto AU - Zattoni F FAU - Mottrie, Alexandre AU - Mottrie A LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Review DEP - 20120601 PL - Switzerland TA - Eur Urol JT - European urology JID - 7512719 SB - IM CIN - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):365-7. PMID: 22705383 MH - Chi-Square Distribution MH - Evidence-Based Medicine MH - Humans MH - Laparoscopy/*adverse effects MH - Male MH - Odds Ratio MH - Prostatectomy/*adverse effects/methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*surgery MH - Recovery of Function MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - *Robotics MH - Surgery, Computer-Assisted/*adverse effects MH - Time Factors MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Urinary Bladder/*physiopathology MH - Urinary Incontinence/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy EDAT- 2012/07/04 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/04 06:00 PHST- 2012/05/13 [received] PHST- 2012/05/22 [accepted] PHST- 2012/06/01 [aheadofprint] AID - S0302-2838(12)00629-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.045 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):405-17. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.045. Epub 2012 Jun 1. PMID- 22749851 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120801 DCOM- 20130107 LR - 20130215 IS - 1873-7560 (Electronic) IS - 0302-2838 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting oncologic outcome after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. PG - 382-404 LID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.047 [doi] AB - CONTEXT: Despite the large diffusion of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), literature and data on the oncologic outcome of RARP are limited. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate lymph node yield, positive surgical margins (PSMs), use of adjuvant therapy, and biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival following RARP and perform a cumulative analysis of all studies comparing the oncologic outcomes of RARP and retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP) or laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic review of the literature was performed in August 2011, searching Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases. A free-text protocol using the term radical prostatectomy was applied. The following limits were used: humans; gender (male); and publications dating from January 1, 2008. A cumulative analysis was conducted using Review Manager software v.4.2 (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK) and Stata 11.0 SE software (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: We retrieved 79 papers evaluating oncologic outcomes following RARP. The mean PSM rate was 15% in all comers and 9% in pathologically localized cancers, with some tumor characteristics being the most relevant predictors of PSMs. Several surgeon-related characteristics or procedure-related issues may play a major role in PSM rates. With regard to BCR, the very few papers with a follow-up duration >5 yr demonstrated 7-yr BCR-free survival estimates of approximately 80%. Finally, all the cumulative analyses comparing RARP with RRP and comparing RARP with LRP demonstrated similar overall PSM rates (RARP vs RRP: odds ratio [OR]: 1.21; p=0.19; RARP vs LRP: OR: 1.12; p=0.47), pT2 PSM rates (RARP vs RRP: OR: 1.25; p=0.31; RARP vs LRP: OR: 0.99; p=0.97), and BCR-free survival estimates (RARP vs RRP: hazard ratio [HR]: 0.9; p=0.526; RARP vs LRP: HR: 0.5; p=0.141), regardless of the surgical approach. CONCLUSIONS: PSM rates are similar following RARP, RRP, and LRP. The few data available on BCR from high-volume centers are promising, but definitive comparisons with RRP or LRP are not currently possible. Finally, significant data on cancer-specific mortality are not currently available. CI - Copyright (c) 2012. Published by Elsevier B.V. AD - University of Padua, Padua, Italy. giacomo.novara@unipd.it FAU - Novara, Giacomo AU - Novara G FAU - Ficarra, Vincenzo AU - Ficarra V FAU - Mocellin, Simone AU - Mocellin S FAU - Ahlering, Thomas E AU - Ahlering TE FAU - Carroll, Peter R AU - Carroll PR FAU - Graefen, Markus AU - Graefen M FAU - Guazzoni, Giorgio AU - Guazzoni G FAU - Menon, Mani AU - Menon M FAU - Patel, Vipul R AU - Patel VR FAU - Shariat, Shahrokh F AU - Shariat SF FAU - Tewari, Ashutosh K AU - Tewari AK FAU - Van Poppel, Hendrik AU - Van Poppel H FAU - Zattoni, Filiberto AU - Zattoni F FAU - Montorsi, Francesco AU - Montorsi F FAU - Mottrie, Alexandre AU - Mottrie A FAU - Rosen, Raymond C AU - Rosen RC FAU - Wilson, Timothy G AU - Wilson TG LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Review DEP - 20120602 PL - Switzerland TA - Eur Urol JT - European urology JID - 7512719 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM CIN - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):365-7. PMID: 22705383 CIN - Eur Urol. 2013 Feb;63(2):e27-8. PMID: 23182552 CIN - Eur Urol. 2013 Feb;63(2):e29-31. PMID: 23218764 MH - Chemotherapy, Adjuvant MH - Chi-Square Distribution MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Evidence-Based Medicine MH - Humans MH - *Laparoscopy/adverse effects/mortality MH - Lymph Node Excision MH - Male MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - Odds Ratio MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatectomy/adverse effects/*methods/mortality MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/mortality/pathology/*surgery MH - Radiotherapy, Adjuvant MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - *Robotics MH - *Surgery, Computer-Assisted/adverse effects/mortality MH - Survival Analysis MH - Time Factors MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/07/04 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/04 06:00 PHST- 2012/05/13 [received] PHST- 2012/05/22 [accepted] PHST- 2012/06/02 [aheadofprint] AID - S0302-2838(12)00631-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.047 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):382-404. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.047. Epub 2012 Jun 2. PMID- 22749850 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120801 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 1873-7560 (Electronic) IS - 0302-2838 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting potency rates after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. PG - 418-30 LID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.046 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Although the initial robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) series showed 12-mo potency rates ranging from 70% to 80%, the few available comparative studies did not permit any definitive conclusion about the superiority of this technique when compared with retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP) and laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). OBJECTIVES: The aims of this systematic review were (1) to evaluate the current prevalence and the potential risk factors of erectile dysfunction after RARP, (2) to identify surgical techniques able to improve the rate of potency recovery after RARP, and (3) to perform a cumulative analysis of all available studies comparing RARP versus RRP or LRP. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A literature search was performed in August 2011 using the Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Only comparative studies or clinical series including >100 cases reporting potency recovery outcomes were included in this review. Cumulative analysis was conducted using Review Manager v.4.2 software designed for composing Cochrane Reviews (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: We analyzed 15 case series, 6 studies comparing different techniques in the context of RARP, 6 studies comparing RARP with RRP, and 4 studies comparing RARP with LRP. The 12- and 24-mo potency rates ranged from 54% to 90% and from 63% to 94%, respectively. Age, baseline potency status, comorbidities index, and extension of the nerve-sparing procedure represent the most relevant preoperative and intraoperative predictors of potency recovery after RARP. Available data seem to support the use of cautery-free dissection or the use of pinpointed low-energy cauterization. Cumulative analyses showed better 12-mo potency rates after RARP in comparison with RRP (odds ratio [OR]: 2.84; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.46-5.43; p=0.002). Only a nonstatistically significant trend in favor of RARP was reported after comparison with LRP (OR: 1.89; p=0.21). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of potency recovery after RARP is influenced by numerous factors. Data coming from the present systematic review support the use of a cautery-free technique. This update of previous systematic reviews of the literature showed, for the first time, a significant advantage in favor of RARP in comparison with RRP in terms of 12-mo potency rates. CI - Copyright (c) 2012. Published by Elsevier B.V. AD - University of Padua, Padua, Italy. vincenzo.ficarra@unipd.it FAU - Ficarra, Vincenzo AU - Ficarra V FAU - Novara, Giacomo AU - Novara G FAU - Ahlering, Thomas E AU - Ahlering TE FAU - Costello, Anthony AU - Costello A FAU - Eastham, James A AU - Eastham JA FAU - Graefen, Markus AU - Graefen M FAU - Guazzoni, Giorgio AU - Guazzoni G FAU - Menon, Mani AU - Menon M FAU - Mottrie, Alexandre AU - Mottrie A FAU - Patel, Vipul R AU - Patel VR FAU - Van der Poel, Henk AU - Van der Poel H FAU - Rosen, Raymond C AU - Rosen RC FAU - Tewari, Ashutosh K AU - Tewari AK FAU - Wilson, Timothy G AU - Wilson TG FAU - Zattoni, Filiberto AU - Zattoni F FAU - Montorsi, Francesco AU - Montorsi F LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Review DEP - 20120601 PL - Switzerland TA - Eur Urol JT - European urology JID - 7512719 SB - IM CIN - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):365-7. PMID: 22705383 MH - Erectile Dysfunction/*etiology/physiopathology MH - Evidence-Based Medicine MH - Humans MH - Laparoscopy/*adverse effects MH - Male MH - Odds Ratio MH - *Penile Erection MH - Prostatectomy/*adverse effects/methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*surgery MH - Recovery of Function MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - *Robotics MH - Surgery, Computer-Assisted/*adverse effects MH - Time Factors MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/07/04 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/07/04 06:00 PHST- 2012/05/13 [received] PHST- 2012/05/22 [accepted] PHST- 2012/06/01 [aheadofprint] AID - S0302-2838(12)00630-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.046 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):418-30. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.046. Epub 2012 Jun 1. PMID- 22738925 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120731 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1423-0399 (Electronic) IS - 0042-1138 (Linking) VI - 89 IP - 1 DP - 2012 TI - Intrafascial dissection significantly increases positive surgical margin and biochemical recurrence rates after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. PG - 17-24 LID - 10.1159/000339254 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: Improved visualization and magnification in robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP) has tempted many urologists to dissect the neurovascular bundle closer to the prostate following the layers of the pseudo-capsule of the prostate. This might bear a higher risk of decreased tumor control. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An analysis of a consecutive series of 186 patients who underwent RALRP at our institution was performed. The outcome of patients with intrafascial nerve-sparing (INS) was compared with the outcome of patients who underwent interfascial, extrafascial or no nerve-sparing (non-INS). RESULTS: A total of 80 patients (43.0%) received INS. The overall R1 rate was 27.9%. For pT2 tumors the rate of R1 was 33.8% in INS versus 14.8% in non-INS (odds ratio 2.936, 95% confidence interval 1.338-6.443, p = 0.007). Recurrence-free survival was significantly shorter in INS (p = 0.05; hazard ratio 3.791). CONCLUSION: The intrafascial dissection technique for RALRP bears a high risk of incomplete resection in localized prostate cancer resulting in unfavorable outcome. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel. AD - Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Mortezavi, Ashkan AU - Mortezavi A FAU - Hermanns, Thomas AU - Hermanns T FAU - Seifert, Hans-Helge AU - Seifert HH FAU - Wild, Peter J AU - Wild PJ FAU - Schmid, Daniel M AU - Schmid DM FAU - Sulser, Tullio AU - Sulser T FAU - Eberli, Daniel AU - Eberli D LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120627 PL - Switzerland TA - Urol Int JT - Urologia internationalis JID - 0417373 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Chi-Square Distribution MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Dissection/*adverse effects/mortality MH - Humans MH - Kaplan-Meier Estimate MH - Laparoscopy/*adverse effects/mortality MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Odds Ratio MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/*blood MH - Prostatectomy/*adverse effects/methods/mortality MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/mortality/pathology/*surgery MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - *Robotics MH - Surgery, Computer-Assisted/*adverse effects/mortality MH - Switzerland MH - Time Factors MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/06/29 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/06/29 06:00 PHST- 2012/01/03 [received] PHST- 2012/05/04 [accepted] PHST- 2012/06/27 [aheadofprint] AID - 000339254 [pii] AID - 10.1159/000339254 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urol Int. 2012;89(1):17-24. doi: 10.1159/000339254. Epub 2012 Jun 27. PMID- 22736790 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120907 DCOM- 20121227 IS - 1538-7755 (Electronic) IS - 1055-9965 (Linking) VI - 21 IP - 9 DP - 2012 Sep TI - The TMPRSS2:ERG rearrangement, ERG expression, and prostate cancer outcomes: a cohort study and meta-analysis. PG - 1497-509 LID - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0042 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Whether the genomic rearrangement transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2):v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (ERG) has prognostic value in prostate cancer is unclear. METHODS: Among men with prostate cancer in the prospective Physicians' Health and Health Professionals Follow-Up Studies, we identified rearrangement status by immunohistochemical assessment of ERG protein expression. We used Cox models to examine associations of ERG overexpression with biochemical recurrence and lethal disease (distant metastases or cancer-specific mortality). In a meta-analysis including 47 additional studies, we used random-effects models to estimate associations between rearrangement status and outcomes. RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 1,180 men treated with radical prostatectomy between 1983 and 2005. During a median follow-up of 12.6 years, 266 men experienced recurrence and 85 men developed lethal disease. We found no significant association between ERG overexpression and biochemical recurrence [hazard ratio (HR), 0.99; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.78-1.26] or lethal disease (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.61-1.43). The meta-analysis of prostatectomy series included 5,074 men followed for biochemical recurrence (1,623 events), and 2,049 men followed for lethal disease (131 events). TMPRSS2:ERG was associated with stage at diagnosis [risk ratio (RR)(>/=T3 vs. T2), 1.23; 95% CI, 1.16-1.30) but not with biochemical recurrence (RR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.86-1.17) or lethal disease (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.47-2.09). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that TMPRSS2:ERG, or ERG overexpression, is associated with tumor stage but does not strongly predict recurrence or mortality among men treated with radical prostatectomy. IMPACT: This is the largest prospective cohort study to examine associations of ERG overexpression and lethal prostate cancer among men treated with radical prostatectomy. CI - (c)2012 AACR AD - Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. apetters@hsph.harvard.edu FAU - Pettersson, Andreas AU - Pettersson A FAU - Graff, Rebecca E AU - Graff RE FAU - Bauer, Scott R AU - Bauer SR FAU - Pitt, Michael J AU - Pitt MJ FAU - Lis, Rosina T AU - Lis RT FAU - Stack, Edward C AU - Stack EC FAU - Martin, Neil E AU - Martin NE FAU - Kunz, Lauren AU - Kunz L FAU - Penney, Kathryn L AU - Penney KL FAU - Ligon, Azra H AU - Ligon AH FAU - Suppan, Catherine AU - Suppan C FAU - Flavin, Richard AU - Flavin R FAU - Sesso, Howard D AU - Sesso HD FAU - Rider, Jennifer R AU - Rider JR FAU - Sweeney, Christopher AU - Sweeney C FAU - Stampfer, Meir J AU - Stampfer MJ FAU - Fiorentino, Michelangelo AU - Fiorentino M FAU - Kantoff, Philip W AU - Kantoff PW FAU - Sanda, Martin G AU - Sanda MG FAU - Giovannucci, Edward L AU - Giovannucci EL FAU - Ding, Eric L AU - Ding EL FAU - Loda, Massimo AU - Loda M FAU - Mucci, Lorelei A AU - Mucci LA LA - eng GR - 5P50CA090381-08/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - CA-097193/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - CA-13389/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - CA-141298/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - CA-34944/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - CA-40360/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - CA-55075/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - HL-26490/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - HL-34595/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 CA-055075/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R25 CA-098566/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 CA009001/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 CA-113913/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120626 PL - United States TA - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev JT - Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology JID - 9200608 RN - 0 (ERG protein, human) RN - 0 (Trans-Activators) RN - EC 3.4.21.- (Serine Endopeptidases) RN - EC 3.4.21.- (TMPRSS2 protein, human) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Gene Fusion MH - Gene Rearrangement MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology/surgery MH - Serine Endopeptidases/*genetics MH - Trans-Activators/*genetics MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/06/28 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/28 06:00 CRDT- 2012/06/28 06:00 PHST- 2012/06/26 [aheadofprint] PHST- 2012/08/16 [aheadofprint] AID - 1055-9965.EPI-12-0042 [pii] AID - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0042 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2012 Sep;21(9):1497-509. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0042. Epub 2012 Jun 26. PMID- 22731640 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120829 DCOM- 20130114 IS - 1945-0257 (Electronic) VI - 16 IP - 8 DP - 2012 Aug TI - Association of androgen receptor, prostate-specific antigen, and CYP19 gene polymorphisms with prostate carcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia in a north Indian population. PG - 835-40 LID - 10.1089/gtmb.2011.0322 [doi] AB - The genes involved in androgen pathway and metabolism have been reported to contribute considerably to prostate carcinoma (CaP) risk. The present study investigated the association of androgen receptor (AR), prostate-specific antigen (PSA or KLK3), and cytochrome P450 (CYP19) gene polymorphisms in CaP (n=105) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (n=120) in comparison to normal healthy controls (n=106) in an Indian population. We also evaluated the functional consequences of these gene variants on AR and PSA mRNA expression. Significant association of short AR CAG repeats (0.05). PSA G-158A SNP was found to be significantly associated with risk of CaP (AA: OR=2.68, p=0.016 and GA: OR=2.07, p=0.018) p-trend 0.031 and BPH (AA: OR=3.46, p<0.001 and GA: OR=2.47, p=0.03) p-trend 0.009, respectively. PSA G-158A genotype independently increased the risk of developing BPH (OR=16.37, p<0.001), irrespective of AR CAG repeat length. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, we found a significant upregulation of AR and PSA mRNA expression in CaP comparison to BPH. While short AR CAG (/= 10 patients with metastatic PCa annually. RESULTS: Questionnaires completed by 200 urologists from 12 European countries including 27,442 PCa patients were used for analyses. On average, 22% of the patients presented in stage IV, 15% had bone metastases and 10% received BPs. In most countries, BPs were used to the same extent in hormone-naive and castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). A total of 23% of urologists prescribed chemotherapy in patients with hormone-sensitive PCa, and 55% of the urologists did not administer androgen deprivation maintenance therapy in patients with CRPC. CONCLUSIONS: BPs were frequently used in PCa with bone metastases, although current guidelines recommend their use only in CRPC. Standardized multidisciplinary educational programs should be developed in order to prevent non-indicated early chemotherapy in hormone-sensitive patients and to stimulate maintenance of androgen deprivation therapy in CRPC patients. Also, programs facilitating home infusions for patients who need intravenous BPs are needed in specific countries to optimize treatment of CRPC. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel. AD - Department of Urology, RWTH University Aachen, Aachen, Germany. FAU - Heidenreich, Axel AU - Heidenreich A FAU - Witjes, Wim P J AU - Witjes WP FAU - Bjerklund-Johansen, Truls E AU - Bjerklund-Johansen TE FAU - Patel, Anup AU - Patel A CN - EAU Research Foundation LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20120613 PL - Switzerland TA - Urol Int JT - Urologia internationalis JID - 0417373 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal) RN - 0 (Bone Density Conservation Agents) RN - 0 (Diphosphonates) SB - IM MH - Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use MH - *Attitude of Health Personnel MH - Bone Density Conservation Agents/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Bone Neoplasms/*drug therapy/secondary MH - Diphosphonates/administration & dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Europe MH - Guideline Adherence/*statistics & numerical data MH - Health Care Surveys MH - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice MH - Humans MH - Internet MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Palliative Care MH - Patient Selection MH - *Perception MH - Physician's Practice Patterns/*statistics & numerical data MH - *Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology MH - Questionnaires MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - Urology/*standards EDAT- 2012/06/16 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/06/16 06:00 PHST- 2012/01/26 [received] PHST- 2012/04/07 [accepted] PHST- 2012/06/13 [aheadofprint] AID - 000338810 [pii] AID - 10.1159/000338810 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urol Int. 2012;89(1):30-8. doi: 10.1159/000338810. Epub 2012 Jun 13. PMID- 22695240 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120801 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 1873-7560 (Electronic) IS - 0302-2838 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Sep TI - When should we pull the trigger for post-radical prostatectomy radiotherapy? PG - 488-90 LID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.066 [doi] FAU - Moul, Judd W AU - Moul JW LA - eng PT - Comment PT - Editorial DEP - 20120605 PL - Switzerland TA - Eur Urol JT - European urology JID - 7512719 SB - IM CON - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):472-87. PMID: 22633803 MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*radiotherapy/*surgery MH - *Salvage Therapy EDAT- 2012/06/15 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/06/15 06:00 PHST- 2012/05/10 [received] PHST- 2012/05/25 [accepted] PHST- 2012/06/05 [aheadofprint] AID - S0302-2838(12)00650-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.066 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):488-90. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.066. Epub 2012 Jun 5. PMID- 22681672 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120611 DCOM- 20130111 IS - 1558-4623 (Electronic) IS - 0001-2998 (Linking) VI - 42 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Jul TI - PET in prostate and bladder tumors. PG - 231-46 LID - 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2012.03.002 [doi] AB - (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is the most common positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer used in prostate and bladder cancer evaluation, but its role is hampered by a generally low glucose metabolic rate in primary prostate carcinoma, and physiological excretion of FDG through the urinary system masking FDG uptake in primary bladder and prostate carcinoma. FDG-PET may have a role in selected patients for staging and restaging advanced prostate cancer, particularly in patients with an increasing prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) level. The use of diuresis strategies facilitates the identification of primary bladder cancer, and may be useful in staging extravesical spread of disease. FDG-PET may also be useful in patients with ureteric and urethral cancers. New PET tracers are showing promise in the staging and biological characterization of prostate cancer, which can assist with therapeutic decision making in patients undergoing radiotherapy of primary disease, and in the assessment of metastatic disease. CI - Crown Copyright (c) 2012. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Centre for PET, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. FAU - Lee, Sze Ting AU - Lee ST FAU - Lawrentschuk, Nathan AU - Lawrentschuk N FAU - Scott, Andrew M AU - Scott AM LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United States TA - Semin Nucl Med JT - Seminars in nuclear medicine JID - 1264464 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Metastasis MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Positron-Emission Tomography/*methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology/*radionuclide imaging MH - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology/*radionuclide imaging EDAT- 2012/06/12 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/12 06:00 CRDT- 2012/06/12 06:00 AID - S0001-2998(12)00025-6 [pii] AID - 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2012.03.002 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Semin Nucl Med. 2012 Jul;42(4):231-46. doi: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2012.03.002. PMID- 22677370 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121019 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 1879-355X (Electronic) IS - 0360-3016 (Linking) VI - 84 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Nov 15 TI - Hypofractionated high-dose radiation therapy for prostate cancer: long-term results of a multi-institutional phase II trial. PG - e483-90 LID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.04.012 [doi] LID - S0360-3016(12)00559-7 [pii] AB - PURPOSE: To report late gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicity, biochemical and clinical outcomes, and overall survival after hypofractionated radiation therapy for prostate cancer (PC). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Three institutions included 113 patients with T1 to T3N0M0 PC in a phase II study. Patients were treated with 56 Gy in 16 fractions over 4 weeks. Late toxicity was scored using Radiation Therapy Oncology Group/European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer criteria extended with additional symptoms. Biochemical outcome was reported according to the Phoenix definition for biochemical failure. RESULTS: The incidence of late GI and GU toxicity was low. The 3-year actuarial risk of developing late GU and GI toxicity of grade>/=2 was 13% and 8% respectively. Five-year biochemical non-evidence of disease (bNED) was 94%. Risk group, T stage, and deviation from planned hormone treatment were significant predictive factors for bNED. Deviation from hormone treatment remained significant in multivariate analysis. Five-year clinical non evidence of disease and overall survival was 95% and 91% respectively. No patient died from PC. CONCLUSIONS: Hypofractionated high-dose radiation therapy is a valuable treatment option for patients with PC, with excellent biochemical and clinical outcome and low toxicity. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Radiotherapy, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. valerie.fonteyne@uzgent.be FAU - Fonteyne, Valerie AU - Fonteyne V FAU - Soete, Guy AU - Soete G FAU - Arcangeli, Stefano AU - Arcangeli S FAU - De Neve, Wilfried AU - De Neve W FAU - Rappe, Bernard AU - Rappe B FAU - Storme, Guy AU - Storme G FAU - Strigari, Lidia AU - Strigari L FAU - Arcangeli, Giorgio AU - Arcangeli G FAU - De Meerleer, Gert AU - De Meerleer G LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial, Phase II PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20120605 PL - United States TA - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys JT - International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics JID - 7603616 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Analysis of Variance MH - Androgen Antagonists/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Dose Fractionation MH - Femur Head/radiation effects MH - Gastrointestinal Tract/radiation effects MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Italy MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Organs at Risk/radiation effects/radiography MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy/*radiotherapy MH - Radiation Injuries/epidemiology MH - Rectum/radiation effects MH - Time Factors MH - Urinary Bladder/radiation effects MH - Urination Disorders/etiology MH - Urogenital System/radiation effects EDAT- 2012/06/09 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/06/09 06:00 PHST- 2012/01/14 [received] PHST- 2012/03/09 [revised] PHST- 2012/04/07 [accepted] PHST- 2012/06/05 [aheadofprint] AID - S0360-3016(12)00559-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.04.012 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Nov 15;84(4):e483-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.04.012. Epub 2012 Jun 5. PMID- 22633803 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120801 DCOM- 20130107 LR - 20130128 IS - 1873-7560 (Electronic) IS - 0302-2838 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Early salvage radiation therapy does not compromise cancer control in patients with pT3N0 prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy: results of a match-controlled multi-institutional analysis. PG - 472-87 LID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.04.056 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Previous randomised trials demonstrated that adjuvant radiation therapy (aRT) improves cancer control in patients with pT3 prostate cancer (PCa). However, there is currently no evidence supporting early salvage radiation therapy (eSRT) as equivalent to aRT in improving freedom from biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate BCR-free survival for aRT versus observation followed by eSRT in cases of relapse in patients undergoing RP for pT3pN0, R0-R1 PCa. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Using a European multi-institutional cohort, 890 men with pT3pN0, R0-R1 PCa were identified. INTERVENTION: All patients underwent RP. Subsequently, patients were stratified into two groups: aRT versus initial observation followed by eSRT in cases of relapse. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSES: Propensity-matched analysis was employed, and patients were stratified into two groups: aRT versus observation and eventual eSRT, defined as RT given at a postoperative serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 0.20 ng/ml and rising after administration of RT, was compared between aRT and initial observation followed by eSRT in cases of relapse using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Overall, 390 (43.8%) and 500 (56.2%) patients were treated with aRT and initial observation, respectively. Within the latter group, 225 (45.0%) patients experienced BCR and underwent eSRT. In the postpropensity-matched cohort, the 2- and 5-yr BCR-free survival rates were 91.4% and 78.4% in aRT versus 92.8% and 81.8% in patients who underwent initial observation and eSRT in cases of relapse, respectively (p=0.9). No differences in the 2- and 5-yr BCR-free survival rates were found, even when patients were stratified according to pT3 substage and surgical margin status (all p >/= 0.4). These findings were also confirmed in multivariable analyses (p=0.6). Similar results were achieved when the cut-off to define eSRT was set at 0.3 ng/ml (all p >/= 0.5). CONCLUSIONS: The current study suggests that timely administration of eSRT is comparable to aRT in improving BCR-free survival in the majority of pT3pN0 PCa patients. Therefore, eSRT may not compromise cancer control but significantly reduces overtreatment associated with aRT. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Urology, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. briganti.alberto@hsr.it FAU - Briganti, Alberto AU - Briganti A FAU - Wiegel, Thomas AU - Wiegel T FAU - Joniau, Steven AU - Joniau S FAU - Cozzarini, Cesare AU - Cozzarini C FAU - Bianchi, Marco AU - Bianchi M FAU - Sun, Maxine AU - Sun M FAU - Tombal, Bertrand AU - Tombal B FAU - Haustermans, Karin AU - Haustermans K FAU - Budiharto, Tom AU - Budiharto T FAU - Hinkelbein, Wolfgang AU - Hinkelbein W FAU - Di Muzio, Nadia AU - Di Muzio N FAU - Karakiewicz, Pierre I AU - Karakiewicz PI FAU - Montorsi, Francesco AU - Montorsi F FAU - Van Poppel, Hein AU - Van Poppel H LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study DEP - 20120516 PL - Switzerland TA - Eur Urol JT - European urology JID - 7512719 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM CIN - Urol Oncol. 2012 Nov-Dec;30(6):960. PMID: 23218078 CIN - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):488-90. PMID: 22695240 MH - Aged MH - Chi-Square Distribution MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Europe MH - Humans MH - Kaplan-Meier Estimate MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Odds Ratio MH - Propensity Score MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - *Prostatectomy/adverse effects/mortality MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/mortality/pathology/*radiotherapy/*surgery MH - Radiotherapy, Adjuvant MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors MH - *Salvage Therapy/adverse effects/mortality MH - Time Factors MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/05/29 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/29 06:00 PHST- 2012/01/22 [received] PHST- 2012/04/26 [accepted] PHST- 2012/05/16 [aheadofprint] AID - S0302-2838(12)00532-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.04.056 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):472-87. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.04.056. Epub 2012 May 16. PMID- 22626812 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120731 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1423-0399 (Electronic) IS - 0042-1138 (Linking) VI - 89 IP - 1 DP - 2012 TI - The use of the finasteride-adjusted Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial Prostate Cancer Risk Calculator in a Mexican referral population: a validation study. PG - 9-16 LID - 10.1159/000338270 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To perform the first validation study of the finasteride-adjusted Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial Prostate Cancer Risk Calculator (finPCPTRC) in a contemporary referral population in Mexico. METHODS: 837 patients referred to the Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico City, Mexico, between 2005 and 2009 were used to validate the finPCPTRC by examining various measures of discrimination and calibration. Net benefit curve analysis was used to gain insight into the use of the finPCPTRC for clinical decisions. RESULTS: Prostate cancer (PCa) incidence (72.8%) was high in this Mexican referral cohort and 45.7% of men who were diagnosed with PCa had high-grade lesions (HGPCa, Gleason score >6). 1.3% of the patients were taking finasteride. The finPCPTRC was a superior diagnostic tool compared to prostate-specific antigen alone when discriminating patients with PCa from those without PCa (AUC = 0.784 vs. AUC = 0.687, p < 0.001) and when discriminating patients with HGPCa from those without HGPCa (AUC = 0.768 vs. AUC = 0.739, p < 0.001). The finPCPTRC underestimated the risk of PCa but overestimated the risk of HGPCa (both p < 0.001). Compared with other strategies to opt for biopsy, the net benefit would be larger with utilization of the finPCPTRC for patients accepting higher risks of HGPCa. CONCLUSIONS: Rates of biopsy-detectable PCa and HGPCa were high and 1.3% of this referral cohort in Mexico was taking finasteride. The risks of PCa or HGPCa calculated by the finPCPTRC were not well calibrated for this referral Mexican population and new clinical diagnostic tools are needed. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel. AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. liangy @ uthscsa.edu FAU - Liang, Yuanyuan AU - Liang Y FAU - Ketchum, Norma S AU - Ketchum NS FAU - Louden, Christopher AU - Louden C FAU - Jimenez-Rios, Miguel A AU - Jimenez-Rios MA FAU - Thompson, Ian M AU - Thompson IM FAU - Camarena-Reynoso, Hector R AU - Camarena-Reynoso HR LA - eng GR - P30CA054174/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - U01-CA086402/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - UL1RR025767/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Validation Studies DEP - 20120524 PL - Switzerland TA - Urol Int JT - Urologia internationalis JID - 0417373 RN - 0 (5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal) RN - 98319-26-7 (Finasteride) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors/*therapeutic use MH - Age Factors MH - Aged MH - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/*therapeutic use MH - Biopsy MH - Chi-Square Distribution MH - Digital Rectal Examination MH - Finasteride/*therapeutic use MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Logistic Models MH - Male MH - Mass Screening/*methods MH - Mexico/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Odds Ratio MH - Pedigree MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Prognosis MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/*diagnosis/*drug therapy/epidemiology/genetics/pathology MH - *Referral and Consultation MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors EDAT- 2012/05/26 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/26 06:00 PHST- 2012/01/06 [received] PHST- 2012/03/19 [accepted] PHST- 2012/05/24 [aheadofprint] AID - 000338270 [pii] AID - 10.1159/000338270 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urol Int. 2012;89(1):9-16. doi: 10.1159/000338270. Epub 2012 May 24. PMID- 22621862 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120803 DCOM- 20130110 IS - 1872-7727 (Electronic) IS - 0720-048X (Linking) VI - 81 IP - 8 DP - 2012 Aug TI - Role of 11C-choline PET/CT in the re-staging of prostate cancer patients with biochemical relapse and negative results at bone scintigraphy. PG - e893-6 LID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2012.04.027 [doi] AB - AIM: to evaluate the utility of (11)C-choline PET/CT in prostate cancer (PC) patients who have demonstrated a biochemical recurrence and a negative bone scintigraphy (BS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 123 consecutive PC patients (mean age 67.6 years; range 54-83) with a biochemical relapse (mean PSA value 3.3ng/mL; range 0.2-25.5) after radical prostatectomy (RP) were included in our retrospective study. Patients underwent a BS that resulted negative and a (11)C-choline PET/CT within 4 months from BS (range: 1 day to 4 months; mean: 2.5 months). Validation of results was established by: (1) a positive biopsy, (2) a positive subsequent BS, CT or MR and (3) a normalization of (11)C-choline uptake after systemic therapy or a progression of the disease. RESULTS: (11)C-choline PET/CT was positive in 42/123 patients (34.1%). (11)C-choline PET/CT detected lesions in: bone (10 patients), lymph-nodes (20 patients), bone and lymph nodes (7 patients), bone and lung (1 patient), lymph-nodes and lung (1 patient), local relapse (3 patients). Overall, (11)C-choline PET/CT showed a total of 30 unknown bone lesions in 18/123 (14.6%) patients. CONCLUSION: (11)C-choline PET/CT showed a better sensitivity than BS in patients with biochemical relapse after RP: (11)C-choline PET/CT detected unknown bone lesions in 18/123 (14.6%) patients. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. AD - Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Hematology Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico Sant'Orsola - Malpighi, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. FAU - Fuccio, Chiara AU - Fuccio C FAU - Castellucci, Paolo AU - Castellucci P FAU - Schiavina, Riccardo AU - Schiavina R FAU - Guidalotti, Pier Luigi AU - Guidalotti PL FAU - Gavaruzzi, Gilberto AU - Gavaruzzi G FAU - Montini, Gian Carlo AU - Montini GC FAU - Nanni, Cristina AU - Nanni C FAU - Marzola, Maria Cristina AU - Marzola MC FAU - Rubello, Domenico AU - Rubello D FAU - Fanti, Stefano AU - Fanti S LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120522 PL - Ireland TA - Eur J Radiol JT - European journal of radiology JID - 8106411 RN - 0 (Carbon Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) RN - 62-49-7 (Choline) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Bone and Bones/radionuclide imaging MH - Carbon Radioisotopes/diagnostic use MH - Choline/*diagnostic use MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*pathology MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Positron-Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography/*methods MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/*blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood/*pathology MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/*blood EDAT- 2012/05/25 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/25 06:00 PHST- 2011/07/15 [received] PHST- 2012/04/26 [accepted] PHST- 2012/05/22 [aheadofprint] AID - S0720-048X(12)00202-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2012.04.027 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur J Radiol. 2012 Aug;81(8):e893-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2012.04.027. Epub 2012 May 22. PMID- 22618738 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121023 DCOM- 20130116 IS - 1097-0045 (Electronic) IS - 0270-4137 (Linking) VI - 72 IP - 16 DP - 2012 Dec 1 TI - Comparison of biochemical failure definitions for predicting local cancer recurrence following cryoablation of the prostate. PG - 1802-8 LID - 10.1002/pros.22541 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Various definitions of biochemical failure (BF) have been used to predict cancer recurrence following prostate cryoablation. However to date, none of these definitions have been validated for this use. We have reviewed several definitions of BF to determine their accuracy in predicting biopsy-proven local recurrence following prostate cryoablation. METHODS: The Columbia University Urologic Oncology Database was queried for patients who underwent prostate cryoablation between 1994 and 2010, and who subsequently underwent surveillance biopsy due to clinical suspicion of prostate cancer recurrence. Serial postoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) results were used to determine BF according to various definitions of BF. Biopsy results were used to determine local recurrence. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve area were calculated for each of the BF definitions. RESULTS: A total of 110 patients met inclusion criteria for the study. These patients were treated with primary full-gland (n = 38), primary focal (n = 24), or salvage cryoablation (n = 48). On surveillance biopsy, 66 patients (60%) were found to have locally recurrent prostate cancer. The most accurate BF definition overall was PSA nadir plus 2 ng/ml (Phoenix definition), with sensitivity, specificity, and ROC curve area of 68%, 59%, and 0.64, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the Phoenix definition best predicted local cancer recurrence following prostate cryoablation. These preliminary data may be useful for researchers evaluating the short-term efficacy of cryoablation, and for urologists assessing their patients for potential cancer recurrence. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. AD - Department of Urology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Pitman, Max AU - Pitman M FAU - Shapiro, Edan Y AU - Shapiro EY FAU - Hruby, Gregory W AU - Hruby GW FAU - Truesdale, Matthew D AU - Truesdale MD FAU - Cheetham, Philippa J AU - Cheetham PJ FAU - Saad, Shumaila AU - Saad S FAU - Katz, Aaron E AU - Katz AE LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120522 PL - United States TA - Prostate JT - The Prostate JID - 8101368 RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) SB - IM MH - Adenocarcinoma/*diagnosis/metabolism/surgery MH - Aged MH - *Cryosurgery MH - Databases, Factual MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*diagnosis/metabolism/surgery MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Prostate/*metabolism/pathology/surgery MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnosis/metabolism/surgery MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/metabolism EDAT- 2012/05/24 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/17 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/24 06:00 PHST- 2012/01/19 [received] PHST- 2012/04/30 [accepted] PHST- 2012/05/22 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1002/pros.22541 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Prostate. 2012 Dec 1;72(16):1802-8. doi: 10.1002/pros.22541. Epub 2012 May 22. PMID- 22617231 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121026 DCOM- 20130117 IS - 1532-8392 (Electronic) IS - 0046-8177 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 11 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Seminal plasma proteins in prostatic carcinoma: increased nuclear semenogelin I expression is a predictor of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. PG - 1991-2000 LID - 10.1016/j.humpath.2012.02.008 [doi] LID - S0046-8177(12)00066-4 [pii] AB - Semenogelins and eppin are seminal plasma proteins that form a complex and inhibit sperm motility. However, the role of these proteins in prostate cancer is poorly understood. We immunohistochemically stained for semenogelins I and II and eppin in 291 radical prostatectomy specimens. We then evaluated the association between their expressions in nuclei, cytoplasms, or intraluminal secretions of benign/high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia/carcinoma cells and clinicopathologic profile available for our patient cohort. Stains were positive in 32%/77%/84% (nuclear semenogelin I), 87%/94%/84% (nuclear semenogelin II), 56%/64%/37% (nuclear eppin), 7%/15%/11% (cytoplasmic semenogelin I), 6%/11%/9% (cytoplasmic semenogelin II), 68%/74%/95% (cytoplasmic eppin), 97%/98%/13% (secreted semenogelin I), 98%/97%/11% (secreted semenogelin II), and 97%/98%/48% (secreted eppin) of benign/prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia/carcinoma, respectively. The levels of nuclear semenogelin I/cytoplasmic eppin were significantly higher in carcinoma than in benign (P<.001/P<.001) or prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (P<.001/P<.001) and in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia than in benign (P<.001/P=.006). Significantly higher nuclear semenogelin II expression was found in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia than in benign (P<.001) or carcinoma (P<.001). Significantly lower nuclear eppin expression was seen in carcinoma than in benign (P<.001) or prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (P<.001). Secreted semenogelin I, secreted semenogelin II, and secreted eppin were all significantly lower in carcinoma than in benign (P<.001) or prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (P<.001). There were no statistically significant correlations between each stain and clinicopathologic features except significantly lower nuclear eppin expression in Gleason score 8 or higher tumors. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests further revealed that patients with nuclear semenogelin I-positive tumor had a significantly higher risk for biochemical recurrence (P=.046). Multivariate Cox model showed a trend toward significance (P=.093) in nuclear semenogelin I positivity as an independent predictor for recurrence. These results suggest that nuclear semenogelin I expression could be a reliable prognosticator in men who undergo radical prostatectomy. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. FAU - Izumi, Koji AU - Izumi K FAU - Li, Yi AU - Li Y FAU - Zheng, Yichun AU - Zheng Y FAU - Gordetsky, Jennifer AU - Gordetsky J FAU - Yao, Jorge L AU - Yao JL FAU - Miyamoto, Hiroshi AU - Miyamoto H LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20120521 PL - United States TA - Hum Pathol JT - Human pathology JID - 9421547 RN - 0 (Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory) RN - 0 (SPINLW1 protein, human) RN - 0 (Seminal Plasma Proteins) RN - 0 (Seminal Vesicle Secretory Proteins) RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) RN - 0 (seminal vesicle-specific antigen) SB - IM MH - Adenocarcinoma/*diagnosis/metabolism MH - Cell Nucleus/metabolism/pathology MH - Cytoplasm/metabolism/pathology MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Prognosis MH - Prostate/metabolism/pathology MH - Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia/*diagnosis/metabolism MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnosis/metabolism MH - Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory/metabolism MH - Semen/chemistry/*metabolism MH - Seminal Plasma Proteins/metabolism MH - Seminal Vesicle Secretory Proteins/*metabolism MH - Tissue Array Analysis MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/metabolism EDAT- 2012/05/24 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/18 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/24 06:00 PHST- 2011/12/20 [received] PHST- 2012/02/06 [revised] PHST- 2012/02/09 [accepted] PHST- 2012/05/21 [aheadofprint] AID - S0046-8177(12)00066-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.humpath.2012.02.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Pathol. 2012 Nov;43(11):1991-2000. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2012.02.008. Epub 2012 May 21. PMID- 22585994 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120515 DCOM- 20130115 IS - 2159-8290 (Electronic) IS - 2159-8274 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Mar TI - MYC is activated by USP2a-mediated modulation of microRNAs in prostate cancer. PG - 236-47 LID - 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-11-0219 [doi] AB - Ubiquitin-specific protease 2a (USP2a) is overexpressed in almost half of human prostate cancers and c-Myc is amplified in one third of these tumor types. Transgenic MYC expression drives invasive adenocarcinomas in the murine prostate. We show that overexpression of USP2a downregulates a set of microRNAs that collectively increase MYC levels by MDM2 deubiquitination and subsequent p53 inactivation. By establishing MYC as a target of miR-34b/c, we demonstrate that this cluster functions as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer cells. We identify a distinct mRNA signature that is enriched for MYC-regulated transcripts and transcription factor binding sites in USP2a overexpressing prostate cancer cells. We demonstrate that these genes are associated with an invasive phenotype in human prostate cancer and that the proliferative and invasive properties of USP2a overexpressing cells are MYC-dependent. These results highlight an unrecognized mechanism of MYC regulation in prostate cancer and suggest alternative therapeutic strategies in targeting MYC. SIGNIFICANCE: The deubiquitinating enzyme USP2a has previously been shown to be oncogenic, overexpressed in almost half of human prostate adenocarcinomas, and prolongs the half-life of targets such as fatty acid synthase, MDM2, and cyclin D1. Here, we highlight a new mechanism by which USP2a enhances MYC levels through the modulation of specific subsets of microRNAs in prostate cancer, suggesting alternative therapeutic strategies for targeting MYC. CI - (c)2012 AACR. AD - Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy. FAU - Benassi, Barbara AU - Benassi B FAU - Flavin, Richard AU - Flavin R FAU - Marchionni, Luigi AU - Marchionni L FAU - Zanata, Silvio AU - Zanata S FAU - Pan, Yunfeng AU - Pan Y FAU - Chowdhury, Dipanjan AU - Chowdhury D FAU - Marani, Marina AU - Marani M FAU - Strano, Sabrina AU - Strano S FAU - Muti, Paola AU - Muti P FAU - Blandino, Giovanni AU - Blandino G FAU - Loda, Massimo AU - Loda M LA - eng GR - P01 CA089021/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P01CA89021/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P30CA006973/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P50 CA090381/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P50CA90381/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 CA131945/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - R01CA131945/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20120105 PL - United States TA - Cancer Discov JT - Cancer discovery JID - 101561693 RN - 0 (MIRN34 microRNA, human) RN - 0 (MYC protein, human) RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) RN - 0 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc) RN - 0 (RNA, Messenger) RN - 0 (TP53 protein, human) RN - 0 (Tumor Suppressor Protein p53) RN - EC 3.4.- (Endopeptidases) RN - EC 3.4.- (USP2 protein, human) RN - EC 6.3.2.19 (MDM2 protein, human) RN - EC 6.3.2.19 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2) SB - IM CIN - Cancer Discov. 2012 Mar;2(3):206-7. PMID: 22585990 MH - Cell Growth Processes/physiology MH - Down-Regulation MH - Endopeptidases/*biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic MH - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic MH - Genes, myc MH - Humans MH - Male MH - MicroRNAs/biosynthesis/genetics/*metabolism MH - Neoplasm Invasiveness MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/enzymology/*genetics/*metabolism/pathology MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2/metabolism MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/*biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism MH - RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism MH - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism PMC - PMC3523361 MID - NIHMS379659 OID - NLM: NIHMS379659 OID - NLM: PMC3523361 EDAT- 2012/05/16 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/16 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/16 06:00 PHST- 2012/01/05 [aheadofprint] PHST- 2012/02/28 [aheadofprint] AID - 2159-8290.CD-11-0219 [pii] AID - 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-11-0219 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer Discov. 2012 Mar;2(3):236-47. doi: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-11-0219. Epub 2012 Jan 5. PMID- 22585990 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120515 DCOM- 20130115 IS - 2159-8290 (Electronic) IS - 2159-8274 (Linking) VI - 2 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Mar TI - USP2a activation of MYC in prostate cancer. PG - 206-7 LID - 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-12-0027 [doi] AB - Ubiquitin-specific protease 2a, a deubiquitinating enzyme, elevates MYC levels in prostate cancer cells via its stabilization of MDM2, undermining p53 regulation of microRNAs that target MYC mRNA. CI - (c)2012 AACR. AD - Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA. bnelson@jhmi.edu FAU - Nelson, William G AU - Nelson WG FAU - De Marzo, Angelo M AU - De Marzo AM FAU - Yegnasubramanian, Srinivasan AU - Yegnasubramanian S LA - eng PT - Comment PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Cancer Discov JT - Cancer discovery JID - 101561693 RN - 0 (MYC protein, human) RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) RN - 0 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc) RN - EC 3.4.- (Endopeptidases) RN - EC 3.4.- (USP2 protein, human) SB - IM CON - Cancer Discov. 2012 Mar;2(3):236-47. PMID: 22585994 MH - Endopeptidases/*biosynthesis MH - Humans MH - Male MH - MicroRNAs/*metabolism MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics/*metabolism MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/*biosynthesis EDAT- 2012/05/16 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/16 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/16 06:00 AID - 2/3/206 [pii] AID - 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-12-0027 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer Discov. 2012 Mar;2(3):206-7. doi: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-12-0027. PMID- 22571680 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121016 DCOM- 20121231 IS - 1464-410X (Electronic) IS - 1464-4096 (Linking) VI - 110 IP - 9 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Gleason 7 prostate cancer treated with low-dose-rate brachytherapy: lack of impact of primary Gleason pattern on biochemical failure. PG - 1257-61 LID - 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11057.x [doi] AB - What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? There appears to be a clear difference in cancer control outcomes for patients with Gleason scores of 3+4 and those with scores of 4+3 after radical prostatectomy. It has been documented that patients with Gleason 4+3 prostate cancer have higher incidences of non-organ-confined disease than those with primary pattern 3. Higher rates of extracapsular extension, seminal vesicle invasion and positive margins have been found to be associated with primary pattern 4 over 3. These higher rates of non-organ-confined disease can lead to increased biochemical failure, which, in turn, can lead to higher mortality rates. This study provides information on the prognostic significance of primary Gleason pattern in the brachytherapy management of prostate cancer. Study Type - Prognosis (case series) Level of Evidence 4. OBJECTIVES: * To report the biochemical outcomes for Gleason 7 prostate cancer treated with brachytherapy. * To analyse the impact of the primary Gleason pattern as well as other disease- and treatment-related factors on outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: * A total of 560 patients with Gleason 7 prostate cancer were treated between 1990 and 2008 with brachytherapy, alone or in combination with hormonal therapy and/or external beam radiation therapy. * There were 352 patients with Gleason pattern 3+4 and 208 with Gleason pattern 4+3. * The mean (range) presenting PSA level was 11.2 (1-300) ng/mL, and the median was 7.8 ng/mL. * The presenting clinical stages were T1b in 1%, T1c in 33%, T2a in 16%, T2b in 32%, T2c in 16% and T3 in 2% of patients. RESULTS: * The actuarial freedom from biochemical failure rate at 10 years was 82%. * There was no significant difference between 10-year freedom from biochemical failure rates for patients with Gleason scores of 3+4 (79%) and those with scores of 4+3 (82%). * Biologically effective dose and presenting PSA level were both significant predictors of biochemical failure in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: * The primary Gleason pattern in Gleason 7 prostate cancer shows no significant effect on biochemical failure when treated with brachytherapy. * These results are different from those found after radical prostatectomy and are probably attributable to the enhanced local control afforded by a brachytherapy approach to this disease subset. CI - (c) 2012 THE AUTHORS. BJU INTERNATIONAL (c) 2012 BJU INTERNATIONAL. AD - Departments of Radiation Oncology Urology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA. Richard.stock@mountsinai.org FAU - Stock, Richard G AU - Stock RG FAU - Berkowitz, Joshua AU - Berkowitz J FAU - Blacksburg, Seth R AU - Blacksburg SR FAU - Stone, Nelson N AU - Stone NN LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120509 PL - England TA - BJU Int JT - BJU international JID - 100886721 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal) RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Radiopharmaceuticals) RN - 7440-05-3 (Palladium) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Adenocarcinoma/blood/pathology/radionuclide imaging/*radiotherapy MH - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use MH - Brachytherapy/*methods MH - Chemotherapy, Adjuvant MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use MH - Kaplan-Meier Estimate MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Palladium/therapeutic use MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/pathology/radionuclide imaging/*radiotherapy MH - Radioisotopes/therapeutic use MH - Radiopharmaceuticals/therapeutic use MH - Radiotherapy, Adjuvant MH - Treatment Failure EDAT- 2012/05/11 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/01 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/11 06:00 PHST- 2012/05/09 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11057.x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - BJU Int. 2012 Nov;110(9):1257-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11057.x. Epub 2012 May 9. PMID- 22569947 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121031 DCOM- 20130110 IS - 1097-0142 (Electronic) IS - 0008-543X (Linking) VI - 118 IP - 22 DP - 2012 Nov 15 TI - The Cancer Survival Query System: making survival estimates from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program more timely and relevant for recently diagnosed patients. PG - 5652-62 LID - 10.1002/cncr.27615 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Population-based cancer registries that include patient follow-up generally provide information regarding net survival (ie, survival associated with the risk of dying of cancer in the absence of competing risks). However, registry data also can be used to calculate survival from cancer in the presence of competing risks, which is more clinically relevant. METHODS: Statistical methods were developed to predict the risk of death from cancer and other causes, as well as natural life expectancy if the patient did not have cancer based on a profile of prognostic factors including characteristics of the cancer, demographic factors, and comorbid conditions. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program database was used to calculate the risk of dying of cancer. Because the risks of dying of cancer versus other causes are assumed to be independent conditional on the prognostic factors, a wide variety of independent data sources can be used to calculate the risk of death from other causes. Herein, the risk of death from other causes was estimated using SEER and Medicare claims data, and was matched to the closest fitting portion of the US life table to obtain a "health status-adjusted age." RESULTS: A nomogram was developed for prostate cancer as part of a Web-based Cancer Survival Query System that is targeted for use by physicians and patients to obtain information on a patient's prognosis. More nomograms currently are being developed. CONCLUSIONS: Nomograms of this type can be used as one tool to assist cancer physicians and their patients to better understand their prognosis and to weigh alternative treatment and palliative strategies. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Cancer Society. AD - Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. FAU - Feuer, Eric J AU - Feuer EJ FAU - Lee, Minjung AU - Lee M FAU - Mariotto, Angela B AU - Mariotto AB FAU - Cronin, Kathy A AU - Cronin KA FAU - Scoppa, Steve AU - Scoppa S FAU - Penson, David F AU - Penson DF FAU - Hachey, Mark AU - Hachey M FAU - Cynkin, Laurie AU - Cynkin L FAU - Carter, Ginger A AU - Carter GA FAU - Campbell, David AU - Campbell D FAU - Percy-Laurry, Antoinette AU - Percy-Laurry A FAU - Zou, Zhaohui AU - Zou Z FAU - Schrag, Deborah AU - Schrag D FAU - Hankey, Benjamin F AU - Hankey BF LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20120508 PL - United States TA - Cancer JT - Cancer JID - 0374236 SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis/epidemiology/*mortality MH - Data Interpretation, Statistical MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Life Expectancy MH - Male MH - Nomograms MH - Prognosis MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis/epidemiology/*mortality MH - Registries MH - Risk MH - Risk Factors MH - *SEER Program MH - Survival Rate EDAT- 2012/05/10 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/10 06:00 PHST- 2011/08/26 [received] PHST- 2012/02/25 [revised] PHST- 2012/03/29 [accepted] PHST- 2012/05/08 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1002/cncr.27615 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer. 2012 Nov 15;118(22):5652-62. doi: 10.1002/cncr.27615. Epub 2012 May 8. PMID- 22569213 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121026 DCOM- 20130117 IS - 1532-8392 (Electronic) IS - 0046-8177 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 11 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Rearrangement of the ETS genes ETV-1, ETV-4, ETV-5, and ELK-4 is a clonal event during prostate cancer progression. PG - 1910-6 LID - 10.1016/j.humpath.2012.01.018 [doi] LID - S0046-8177(12)00039-1 [pii] AB - ETS gene rearrangements are frequently found in prostate cancer. Several studies have assessed the rearrangement status of the most commonly found ETS rearranged gene ERG, and the less frequent genes, ETV-1, ETV-4, ETV-5, and ELK-4 in primary prostate cancer. However, frequency in metastatic disease is not well investigated. Recently, we have assessed the ERG rearrangement status in both primary and corresponding lymph node metastases and observed that ERG rearrangement in primary prostate cancer transfers into lymph node metastases, suggesting it to be a clonal expansion event during prostate cancer progression. As a continuation, we investigated in this study whether this observation is valid for the less frequent ETS rearranged genes. Using dual-color break-apart fluorescent in situ hybridization assays, we evaluated the status of all less frequent ETS gene rearrangements for the first time on tissue microarrays constructed from a large cohort of 86 patients with prostate cancer and composed of primary and corresponding lymph node metastases, as well as in a second cohort composed of 43 distant metastases. ETV-1, ETV-4, ETV-5, and ELK-4 rearrangements were found in 8 (10%) of 81, 5 (6%) of 85, 1 (1%) of 85, and 2 (2%) of 86 of primary prostate cancer, respectively, and in 6 (8%) of 73, 4 (6%) of 72, 1 (1%) of 75, and 1 (1%) of 78 of corresponding lymph node metastases, respectively. ETV-1 and ETV-5 rearrangements were not found in the distant metastases cases, whereas ETV-4 and ELK-4 rearrangements were found in 1 (4%) of 25 and 1 (4%) of 24, respectively. Our findings suggest that rearrangement of the less frequent ETS genes is a clonal event during prostate cancer progression. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany. FAU - Shaikhibrahim, Zaki AU - Shaikhibrahim Z FAU - Braun, Martin AU - Braun M FAU - Nikolov, Pavel AU - Nikolov P FAU - Boehm, Diana AU - Boehm D FAU - Scheble, Veit AU - Scheble V FAU - Menon, Roopika AU - Menon R FAU - Fend, Falko AU - Fend F FAU - Kristiansen, Glen AU - Kristiansen G FAU - Perner, Sven AU - Perner S FAU - Wernert, Nicolas AU - Wernert N LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120507 PL - United States TA - Hum Pathol JT - Human pathology JID - 9421547 RN - 0 (Adenovirus E1A Proteins) RN - 0 (DNA-Binding Proteins) RN - 0 (ETV1 protein, human) RN - 0 (ETV4 protein, human) RN - 0 (ETV5 protein, human) RN - 0 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins) RN - 0 (Transcription Factors) RN - 146481-62-1 (ets-Domain Protein Elk-4) SB - IM MH - Adenocarcinoma/*genetics/metabolism/secondary MH - Adenovirus E1A Proteins/*genetics/metabolism MH - Bone Neoplasms/genetics/secondary MH - Brain Neoplasms/genetics/secondary MH - Clone Cells MH - DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics/metabolism MH - Disease Progression MH - *Gene Rearrangement MH - Humans MH - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence MH - Male MH - Prognosis MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism/pathology MH - Proto-Oncogene Proteins/*genetics/metabolism MH - Transcription Factors/*genetics/metabolism MH - ets-Domain Protein Elk-4/*genetics/metabolism EDAT- 2012/05/10 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/18 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/10 06:00 PHST- 2011/11/29 [received] PHST- 2012/01/20 [revised] PHST- 2012/01/25 [accepted] PHST- 2012/05/07 [aheadofprint] AID - S0046-8177(12)00039-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.humpath.2012.01.018 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Pathol. 2012 Nov;43(11):1910-6. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2012.01.018. Epub 2012 May 7. PMID- 22564379 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121016 DCOM- 20121231 IS - 1464-410X (Electronic) IS - 1464-4096 (Linking) VI - 110 IP - 9 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Biopsy Gleason score and the duration of testosterone suppression among men treated with external beam radiation and 6 months of combined androgen blockade. PG - 1252-6 LID - 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11118.x [doi] AB - Study Type - Therapy (case series) Level of Evidence 4. What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? The return of testosterone to normal levels following short-course androgen blockade in prostate cancer is variable. Factors associated with a longer time to recovery include older age and lower baseline testosterone level. In this study, we found that among men treated with 6 months of combined androgen blockade and radiation therapy, higher biopsy Gleason grade was associated with a shorter time to testosterone normalization. OBJECTIVE: * To determine whether the biopsy Gleason score is associated with duration of testosterone suppression following 6 months of combined androgen blockade (CAB) and radiation therapy (RT) in men with prostate cancer (PCa). PATIENTS AND METHODS: * The study cohort consisted of 221 men with PCa treated with RT and 6 months of CAB between 1996 and 2005. * We defined the duration of testosterone suppression as the time between the last day of CAB and the date the testosterone returned to >/= 252 ng/dL. We used Cox regression multivariable analysis to relate biopsy Gleason score to duration of testosterone suppression following cessation of CAB. RESULTS: * A biopsy Gleason score of 8-10 had an adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) of 1.56 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04, 2.34; P= 0.03) for a shorter time to testosterone normalization relative to Gleason 6. Specifically, the 51 men with biopsy Gleason score of 8-10 had a median time to testosterone normalization of 17.0 months compared with 22.1 months and 23.8 months for those with biopsy Gleason 6) were calculated using the PCPT and ERSPC risk calculators. Overall measures, discrimination, calibration and clinical usefulness were assessed for the model evaluation. Of these patients, 28.7% were diagnosed with prostate cancer and 19.4% had high-grade disease. Compared to the PCPT model and the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) threshold of 4 ng ml(-1), the ERSPC risk calculator exhibited better discriminative ability for predicting positive biopsies and high-grade disease (the area under the curve was 0.831 and 0.852, respectively, P<0.01 for both). Decision curve analysis also suggested the favourable clinical utility of the ERSPC calculator in the validation dataset. Both prediction models demonstrated miscalibration: the risk of prostate cancer and high-grade disease was overestimated by approximately 20% for a wide range of predicted probabilities. In conclusion, the ERSPC risk calculator outperformed both the PCPT model and the PSA threshold of 4 ng ml(-1) in predicting prostate cancer and high-grade disease in Chinese patients. However, the prediction tools derived from Western men significantly overestimated the probability of prostate cancer and high-grade disease compared to the outcomes of biopsies in a Chinese cohort. AD - Department of Urology, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China. FAU - Zhu, Yao AU - Zhu Y FAU - Wang, Jin-You AU - Wang JY FAU - Shen, Yi-Jun AU - Shen YJ FAU - Dai, Bo AU - Dai B FAU - Ma, Chun-Guang AU - Ma CG FAU - Xiao, Wen-Jun AU - Xiao WJ FAU - Lin, Guo-Wen AU - Lin GW FAU - Yao, Xu-Dong AU - Yao XD FAU - Zhang, Shi-Lin AU - Zhang SL FAU - Ye, Ding-Wei AU - Ye DW LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Validation Studies DEP - 20120507 PL - China TA - Asian J Androl JT - Asian journal of andrology JID - 100942132 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Biopsy MH - China MH - Cohort Studies MH - Ethnic Groups MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Mass Screening MH - Middle Aged MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis/pathology/*prevention & control MH - Risk Factors EDAT- 2012/05/09 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/08 06:00 PHST- 2012/05/07 [aheadofprint] AID - aja201228 [pii] AID - 10.1038/aja.2012.28 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Asian J Androl. 2012 Sep;14(5):738-44. doi: 10.1038/aja.2012.28. Epub 2012 May 7. PMID- 22561216 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120827 DCOM- 20130115 IS - 1873-1449 (Electronic) IS - 1538-4721 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Sep-Oct TI - Patient-reported long-term rectal function after permanent interstitial brachytherapy for clinically localized prostate cancer. PG - 341-7 LID - 10.1016/j.brachy.2012.02.005 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of permanent interstitial brachytherapy with or without supplemental therapies on long-term rectal function using a patient-administered quality-of-life instrument. METHODS AND MATERIALS: One hundred thirty four of the initial 219 prostate brachytherapy patients who remain alive and have participated in a prospective evaluation of rectal function were mailed the rectal function assessment score (R-FAS). Of the 134 patients, 3 have a colostomy because of colorectal cancer, 2 failed to respond, and 129 (99.2% of eligible patients) returned a completed R-FAS. R-FAS ranges from 0 to 27 with lower scores indicative of better bowel function. Median followup was 14 years. Multiple clinical, treatment, and dosimetric parameters were evaluated for impact on bowel function. RESULTS: For the current cohort, R-FAS was 3.35, which was comparable to the 1999 (4.29), 2002 (3.92), and 2006 (4.00) surveys. In the 2011 survey, 10 (7.8%), 17 (13.1%), and 102 (78.3%) patients reported bowel function to be worse, improved, or unchanged after brachytherapy. No patient has developed a rectal ulcer or fistula. The number of preimplant bowel movements, tobacco, and diabetes mellitus correlated with R-FAS. Consistent with the previous thee surveys, patient's perception of overall rectal quality of life was inversely related to the use of supplemental external beam radiation. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term rectal function after prostate brachytherapy is favorable with a small number of patients reporting deterioration in bowel function. The judicious use of supplemental external beam radiation with particular attention to rectal doses may further improve long-term function. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Brachytherapy Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Orio, Peter F 3rd AU - Orio PF 3rd FAU - Merrick, Gregory S AU - Merrick GS FAU - Galbreath, Robert W AU - Galbreath RW FAU - Butler, Wayne M AU - Butler WM FAU - Lief, Jonathan AU - Lief J FAU - Wallner, Kent E AU - Wallner KE LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120504 PL - United States TA - Brachytherapy JT - Brachytherapy JID - 101137600 RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Radioisotopes) RN - 7440-05-3 (Palladium) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Brachytherapy/adverse effects/*statistics & numerical data MH - Defecation MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Palladium/therapeutic use MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/epidemiology/*radiotherapy MH - *Quality of Life MH - Questionnaires MH - Radioisotopes/therapeutic use MH - Rectal Diseases/*etiology MH - Rectum/*radiation effects EDAT- 2012/05/09 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/16 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/08 06:00 PHST- 2011/11/23 [received] PHST- 2012/01/09 [revised] PHST- 2012/02/16 [accepted] PHST- 2012/05/04 [aheadofprint] AID - S1538-4721(12)00105-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.brachy.2012.02.005 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brachytherapy. 2012 Sep-Oct;11(5):341-7. doi: 10.1016/j.brachy.2012.02.005. Epub 2012 May 4. PMID- 22554381 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121026 DCOM- 20130117 IS - 1532-8392 (Electronic) IS - 0046-8177 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 11 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Immunohistochemical expression of minichromosome maintenance complex protein 2 predicts biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer: a tissue microarray and digital imaging analysis-based study of 428 cases. PG - 1852-65 LID - 10.1016/j.humpath.2012.01.007 [doi] LID - S0046-8177(12)00027-5 [pii] AB - Prostate cancer remains a major health problem in the United States. Established clinicopathologic parameters such as Gleason score, T stage, and prostate-specific antigen levels are currently the guiding tools for prognostication and disease management. The addition of biomarkers could increase the accuracy of these parameters for predicting disease progression, response to therapy, and survival. In this regard, the goal of this study was to evaluate minichromosome maintenance complex protein 2 and Ki-67 immunohistochemical expression as predictors of outcome in prostate cancer. For this purpose, 11 tissue microarrays were constructed using tumor and nontumor samples from 428 patients. Patients were divided into short-term (mean, 2.9 years) and long-term (mean, 14.1 years) follow-up groups. End points were biochemical recurrence for the short-term follow-up group and prostate cancer-related death for the long-term follow-up group. All men in the long-term follow-up group had biochemical recurrence at the time of recruitment. Expression of both markers was higher in tumor than in nontumor glands. Percentage of minichromosome maintenance complex protein 2 was associated with Gleason score in both groups. Percentage of Ki-67 was associated with Gleason score and pathologic stage only in the short-term follow-up group. Higher minichromosome maintenance complex protein 2 percentages were associated with biochemical recurrence in the short-term follow-up group. In the long-term follow-up group, neither minichromosome maintenance complex protein 2 nor Ki-67 levels predicted prostate cancer death. In conclusion, our results suggest that in patients treated by radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer, immunohistochemistry for minichromosome maintenance complex protein 2 expression could be used to predict biochemical recurrence, independent of other known clinicopathologic factors. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. FAU - Toubaji, Antoun AU - Toubaji A FAU - Sutcliffe, Siobhan AU - Sutcliffe S FAU - Chaux, Alcides AU - Chaux A FAU - Lecksell, Kristen AU - Lecksell K FAU - Hicks, Jessica AU - Hicks J FAU - De Marzo, Angelo M AU - De Marzo AM FAU - Platz, Elizabeth A AU - Platz EA FAU - Netto, George J AU - Netto GJ LA - eng GR - P50CA58236/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120502 PL - United States TA - Hum Pathol JT - Human pathology JID - 9421547 RN - 0 (Cell Cycle Proteins) RN - 0 (Ki-67 Antigen) RN - 0 (MCM2 protein, human) RN - 0 (Nuclear Proteins) RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Adenocarcinoma/*metabolism/mortality/secondary/therapy MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Cell Cycle Proteins/*metabolism MH - Combined Modality Therapy MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted MH - Ki-67 Antigen/*metabolism MH - Lymphatic Metastasis MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*diagnosis MH - Nuclear Proteins/*metabolism MH - Prognosis MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*metabolism/mortality/pathology/therapy MH - Survival Rate MH - Tissue Array Analysis MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/metabolism EDAT- 2012/05/05 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/18 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/05 06:00 PHST- 2011/11/17 [received] PHST- 2012/01/09 [revised] PHST- 2012/01/11 [accepted] PHST- 2012/05/02 [aheadofprint] AID - S0046-8177(12)00027-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.humpath.2012.01.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Pathol. 2012 Nov;43(11):1852-65. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2012.01.007. Epub 2012 May 2. PMID- 22551824 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120717 DCOM- 20130114 IS - 1476-5489 (Electronic) IS - 0955-9930 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Jul-Aug TI - Erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy: the impact of nerve-sparing status and surgical approach. PG - 155-60 LID - 10.1038/ijir.2012.8 [doi] AB - The core question of the study was whether the nerve-sparing status and surgical approach affected the patients' sexual life in the first year after surgery. In addition, determinants of erectile function (EF) and the extent of sexual activity were investigated. We conducted a multicentric, longitudinal study in seven German hospitals before, 3, 6 and 12 months after radical prostatectomy (RP). A total of 329 patients were asked to self-assess the symptoms associated with erectile dysfunction (ED). These symptoms were assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function and EORTC QLQ-PR25 questionnaires. A multiple regression model was used to test the influence of clinical, socio-demographic and quality-of-life-associated variables on the patients' EF 1 year after RP. Before surgery, 39% of patients had a severe ED (complete impotence). At 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery, it was 80, 79 and 71%, respectively. Although the surgical approach had no significant effect on EF, patients who had undergone nerve-sparing surgery had significantly lower ED rates. Nevertheless, 1 year after RP, 66% of these patients had severe ED. Age, nerve-sparing status and the burden of urinary symptoms had the greatest impact on the patients' EF. Regardless of nerve-sparing status and surgical approach, postsurgical improvement of EF does not mean a full convalescence of presurgical EF. Instead, it may rather reduce the degree of postsurgical ED in time. Consequently, urologists should disclose to the patient that ED is a likely side effect of RP. AD - Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Germany. norbert.koehler@medizin.uni-leipzig.de FAU - Koehler, N AU - Koehler N FAU - Holze, S AU - Holze S FAU - Gansera, L AU - Gansera L FAU - Rebmann, U AU - Rebmann U FAU - Roth, S AU - Roth S FAU - Scholz, H-J AU - Scholz HJ FAU - Fahlenkamp, D AU - Fahlenkamp D FAU - Thiel, R AU - Thiel R FAU - Braehler, E AU - Braehler E LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120503 PL - England TA - Int J Impot Res JT - International journal of impotence research JID - 9007383 SB - IM MH - Age Factors MH - Aged MH - Coitus/psychology MH - Erectile Dysfunction/*epidemiology/etiology MH - Germany MH - Humans MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Orgasm MH - Patient Satisfaction MH - Postoperative Complications/prevention & control MH - Preoperative Period MH - Prostate/*innervation MH - Prostatectomy/*methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery MH - Questionnaires MH - Urologic Diseases/epidemiology/etiology EDAT- 2012/05/04 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/15 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/04 06:00 PHST- 2012/05/03 [aheadofprint] AID - ijir20128 [pii] AID - 10.1038/ijir.2012.8 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Impot Res. 2012 Jul-Aug;24(4):155-60. doi: 10.1038/ijir.2012.8. Epub 2012 May 3. PMID- 22544661 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121031 DCOM- 20130110 IS - 1097-0142 (Electronic) IS - 0008-543X (Linking) VI - 118 IP - 22 DP - 2012 Nov 15 TI - Assessment of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging (sixth and seventh editions) for clinically localized prostate cancer treated with external beam radiotherapy and comparison with the National Comprehensive Cancer Network risk-stratification method. PG - 5535-43 LID - 10.1002/cncr.27597 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to compare the prognostic value of the sixth and seventh editions of the American Joint Cancer Committee (AJCC) Cancer Staging Manual and the risk-stratification model of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). METHODS: Two-thousand four hundred twenty-nine men who received definitive radiotherapy with or without androgen-deprivation therapy (median follow-up, 74 months) were analyzed. RESULTS: There was a migration of stage II patients to stage I with AJCC seventh edition (stage I increased from 1% to 38%, and stage II decreased from 91% to 55%). One pair-wise comparison (4%) of Kaplan-Meier estimates of biochemical failure, distant metastasis, prostate cancer-specific survival, and overall survival between stages was statistically significant for the AJCC sixth edition. Conversely, 16 of 24 comparisons (67%) were significant for the AJCC seventh edition. With the NCCN risk-stratification model, 9 of 12 comparisons (75%) were significant. Concordance probability estimate (CPE) and standard error (SE) analysis indicated uniform and significant improvement in the predictive power of the AJCC seventh edition versus the sixth edition for all outcomes. CPE +/- SE values for the AJCC seventh edition versus the sixth edition were 0.51 +/- 0.009 versus 0.59 +/- 0.02, respectively, for biochemical failure; 0.54 +/- 0.02 versus 0.70 +/- 0.05, respectively, for distant metastasis; 0.57 +/- 0.009 versus 0.76 +/- 0.007, respectively, for prostate cancer-specific survival; and 0.52 +/- 0.006 versus 0.57 +/- 0.01, respectively, for overall survival. CPE +/- SE values for the NCCN model were 0.59 +/- 0.02 for biochemical failure, 0.72 +/- 0.05 for distant metastasis, 0.80 +/- 0.01 for prostate cancer-specific survival, and 0.57 +/- 0.01 for overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: The current results indicated that the seventh edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual is a major improvement over the sixth edition, because it distributes patients better among the stages and is more prognostic. However, the NCCN model was superior to the AJCC seventh edition and remains the preferred method for risk-based clinical management of prostate cancer with radiotherapy. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Cancer Society. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. FAU - Zaorsky, Nicholas G AU - Zaorsky NG FAU - Li, Tianyu AU - Li T FAU - Devarajan, Karthik AU - Devarajan K FAU - Horwitz, Eric M AU - Horwitz EM FAU - Buyyounouski, Mark K AU - Buyyounouski MK LA - eng GR - P30 CA006927/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 CA006927-49/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120427 PL - United States TA - Cancer JT - Cancer JID - 0374236 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use MH - Combined Modality Therapy MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Metastasis MH - *Neoplasm Staging MH - Prognosis MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/mortality/*pathology/radiotherapy/*therapy PMC - PMC3410044 MID - NIHMS367635 OID - NLM: NIHMS367635 OID - NLM: PMC3410044 EDAT- 2012/05/01 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/01 06:00 PMCR- 2013/11/15 00:00 PHST- 2012/01/17 [received] PHST- 2012/03/08 [revised] PHST- 2012/03/12 [accepted] PHST- 2012/04/27 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1002/cncr.27597 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer. 2012 Nov 15;118(22):5535-43. doi: 10.1002/cncr.27597. Epub 2012 Apr 27. PMID- 22544633 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121031 DCOM- 20130110 IS - 1097-0142 (Electronic) IS - 0008-543X (Linking) VI - 118 IP - 22 DP - 2012 Nov 15 TI - Impact of diagnosis and treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer on health-related quality of life for older Americans: a population-based study. PG - 5679-87 LID - 10.1002/cncr.27578 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Few studies have measured longitudinal changes in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among patients with prostate cancer starting before their cancer diagnosis or have provided simultaneous comparisons with a matched noncancer cohort. In the current study, the authors addressed these gaps by providing unique estimates of the effects of a cancer diagnosis on HRQOL accounting for the confounding effects of ageing and comorbidity. METHODS: Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry were linked with Medicare Health Outcomes Survey (MHOS) data. Eligible patients (n = 445) were Medicare beneficiaries aged >/=65 years from 1998 to 2003 whose first prostate cancer diagnosis occurred between their baseline and follow-up MHOS. By using propensity score matching, 2225 participants without cancer were identified from the MHOS data. Analysis of covariance models were used to estimate changes in HRQOL as assessed with the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 survey and the activities of daily living scale. RESULTS: Before diagnosis, patients with prostate cancer reported HRQOL similar to that of men without cancer. After diagnosis, men with prostate cancer experienced significant decrements in physical, mental, and social aspects of their lives relative to controls, especially within the first 6 months after diagnosis. For men who were surveyed beyond 1 year after diagnosis, HRQOL was similar to that for controls. However, an increased risk for major depressive disorder was observed among men who received either conservative management or external beam radiation. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings illustrated the time-sensitive nature of decline in HRQOL after a cancer diagnosis and enhanced understanding of the impact of prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment on physical, mental, and social well being among older men. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Cancer Society. AD - Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center; Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. bbreeve@email.unc.edu FAU - Reeve, Bryce B AU - Reeve BB FAU - Stover, Angela M AU - Stover AM FAU - Jensen, Roxanne E AU - Jensen RE FAU - Chen, Ronald C AU - Chen RC FAU - Taylor, Kathryn L AU - Taylor KL FAU - Clauser, Steven B AU - Clauser SB FAU - Collins, Sean P AU - Collins SP FAU - Potosky, Arnold L AU - Potosky AL LA - eng GR - HHSN261201000642P/PHS HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20120427 PL - United States TA - Cancer JT - Cancer JID - 0374236 SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Activities of Daily Living/*psychology MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Depressive Disorder, Major/*psychology MH - *Health Status MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnosis/psychology/radiotherapy/*therapy MH - *Quality of Life MH - SEER Program PMC - PMC3410051 MID - NIHMS366085 OID - NLM: NIHMS366085 OID - NLM: PMC3410051 EDAT- 2012/05/01 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2012/05/01 06:00 PMCR- 2013/11/15 00:00 PHST- 2011/12/28 [received] PHST- 2012/03/02 [revised] PHST- 2012/03/07 [accepted] PHST- 2012/04/27 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1002/cncr.27578 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer. 2012 Nov 15;118(22):5679-87. doi: 10.1002/cncr.27578. Epub 2012 Apr 27. PMID- 22537541 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121112 DCOM- 20130114 IS - 1879-355X (Electronic) IS - 0360-3016 (Linking) VI - 84 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Dec 1 TI - Updated results and patterns of failure in a randomized hypofractionation trial for high-risk prostate cancer. PG - 1172-8 LID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.02.049 [doi] LID - S0360-3016(12)00318-5 [pii] AB - PURPOSE: To report long-term results and patterns of failure after conventional and hypofractionated radiation therapy in high-risk prostate cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This randomized phase III trial compared conventional fractionation (80 Gy at 2 Gy per fraction in 8 weeks) vs hypofractionation (62 Gy at 3.1 Gy per fraction in 5 weeks) in combination with 9-month androgen deprivation therapy in 168 patients with high-risk prostate cancer. Freedom from biochemical failure (FFBF), freedom from local failure (FFLF), and freedom from distant failure (FFDF) were analyzed. RESULTS: In a median follow-up of 70 months, biochemical failure (BF) occurred in 35 of the 168 patients (21%) in the study. Among these 35 patients, local failure (LF) only was detected in 11 (31%), distant failure (DF) only in 16 (46%), and both LF and DF in 6 (17%). In 2 patients (6%) BF has not yet been clinically detected. The risk reduction by hypofractionation was significant in BF (10.3%) but not in LF and DF. We found that hypofractionation, with respect to conventional fractionation, determined only an insignificant increase in the actuarial FFBF but no difference in FFLF and FFDF, when considering the entire group of patients. However, an increase in the 5-year rates in all 3 endpoints-FFBF, FFLF, and FFDF-was observed in the subgroup of patients with a pretreatment prostate-specific antigen (iPSA) level of 20 ng/mL or less. On multivariate analysis, the type of fractionation, iPSA level, Gleason score of 4+3 or higher, and T stage of 2c or higher have been confirmed as independent prognostic factors for BF. High iPSA levels and Gleason score of 4+3 or higher were also significantly associated with an increased risk of DF, whereas T stage of 2c or higher was the only independent variable for LF. CONCLUSION: Our results confirm the isoeffectiveness of the 2 fractionation schedules used in this study, although a benefit in favor of hypofractionation cannot be excluded in the subgroup of patients with an iPSA level of 20 ng/mL or less. The alpha/beta ratio might be more appropriately evaluated by FFLF than FFBF results, at least in high-risk disease. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy. FAU - Arcangeli, Stefano AU - Arcangeli S FAU - Strigari, Lidia AU - Strigari L FAU - Gomellini, Sara AU - Gomellini S FAU - Saracino, Biancamaria AU - Saracino B FAU - Petrongari, Maria Grazia AU - Petrongari MG FAU - Pinnaro, Paola AU - Pinnaro P FAU - Pinzi, Valentina AU - Pinzi V FAU - Arcangeli, Giorgio AU - Arcangeli G LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial, Phase III PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20120424 PL - United States TA - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys JT - International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics JID - 7603616 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Analysis of Variance MH - Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use MH - Dose Fractionation MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Prognosis MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/drug therapy/mortality/pathology/*radiotherapy MH - Time Factors MH - Treatment Failure EDAT- 2012/04/28 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/15 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/28 06:00 PHST- 2011/12/30 [received] PHST- 2012/02/21 [revised] PHST- 2012/02/21 [accepted] PHST- 2012/04/24 [aheadofprint] AID - S0360-3016(12)00318-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.02.049 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Dec 1;84(5):1172-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.02.049. Epub 2012 Apr 24. PMID- 22535487 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120918 DCOM- 20130108 IS - 1542-4863 (Electronic) IS - 0007-9235 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Sep-Oct TI - Clinical development of novel therapeutics for castration-resistant prostate cancer: historic challenges and recent successes. PG - 299-308 LID - 10.3322/caac.21141 [doi] AB - There have been more drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer in the past 3 years than in the prior 3 decades, with additional drugs on the verge of approval based on the results of recently reported randomized trials. While an improvement in the understanding of the pathogenesis of castration-resistant prostate cancer has undeniably accelerated the transition of novel approaches from "bench to bedside," the recent successes in the treatment of prostate cancer are also a result of the efforts of clinical investigators to redefine the framework in which drugs for castration-resistant disease are evaluated. This review will explore the shifting paradigm in drug development for castration-resistant prostate cancer over the past several decades, and highlight how new definitions, trial designs, and endpoints have facilitated the emergence of new therapies for this challenging disease. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Cancer Society, Inc. AD - Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Director of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA. matthew.galsky@mssm.edu FAU - Galsky, Matthew D AU - Galsky MD FAU - Small, Alexander C AU - Small AC FAU - Tsao, Che-kai AU - Tsao CK FAU - Oh, William K AU - Oh WK LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20120424 PL - United States TA - CA Cancer J Clin JT - CA: a cancer journal for clinicians JID - 0370647 RN - 0 (Androstenols) RN - 0 (Anilides) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Cancer Vaccines) RN - 0 (MDV 3100) RN - 0 (Pyridines) RN - 0 (RANK Ligand) RN - 0 (Radiopharmaceuticals) RN - 0 (Taxoids) RN - 0 (Tissue Extracts) RN - 0 (cabazitaxel) RN - 0 (cabozantinib) RN - 0 (sipuleucel-T) RN - 154229-19-3 (abiraterone) RN - 2010-15-3 (Phenylthiohydantoin) RN - 615258-40-7 (denosumab) RN - 7440-14-4 (Radium) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - AIM SB - IM MH - Androstenols/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Anilides/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Cancer Vaccines/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Castration/*adverse effects MH - Clinical Trials as Topic MH - Drug Therapy, Combination MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Phenylthiohydantoin/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*therapy MH - Pyridines/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - RANK Ligand/antagonists & inhibitors MH - Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Radium/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors MH - Taxoids/pharmacology/therapeutic use MH - Tissue Extracts/pharmacology/therapeutic use EDAT- 2012/04/27 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/09 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/27 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/24 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.3322/caac.21141 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - CA Cancer J Clin. 2012 Sep-Oct;62(5):299-308. doi: 10.3322/caac.21141. Epub 2012 Apr 24. PMID- 22534563 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120717 DCOM- 20130114 IS - 1476-5489 (Electronic) IS - 0955-9930 (Linking) VI - 24 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Jul-Aug TI - The impact of multiple biopsies on outcomes of nerve-sparing robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. PG - 161-4 LID - 10.1038/ijir.2012.9 [doi] AB - Active surveillance of prostate cancer patients involves subjecting them to multiple prostate biopsies, and we sought to investigate the effects of this on functional outcomes after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Between May 2009 and December 2009, 367 patients who consecutively underwent RARP by a single surgeon were divided into two groups, one that had single prostate biopsy and another multiple biopsies before RARP. The groups were matched for significant clinicopathologic preoperative variables, and only premorbidly potent low-risk cases that underwent nerve sparing were included. This left 50 and 23 patients for analysis in the single and multiple biopsy groups, respectively. The primary endpoint was potency and continence at 3 and 6 months after surgery. We found continence rates of 84% (83%) and 94% (96%) for single (multiple) biopsy groups at 3 and 6 months, respectively (P=0.88, P=0.77). Multiple biopsy patients had worse postoperative erectile function at 6 months (57% versus 80%, P=0.03). Men subject to multiple preoperative biopsies are more likely to become impotent postoperatively than those who undergo surgery after a single biopsy. This should be borne in mind when counseling men regarding repeat biopsy as part of an active surveillance strategy. AD - LeFrak Center of Robotic Surgery, and Prostate Cancer, James Buchanan Brady Foundation Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10065, USA. sooriakumaran@gmail.com FAU - Sooriakumaran, P AU - Sooriakumaran P FAU - Calaway, A AU - Calaway A FAU - Sagalovich, D AU - Sagalovich D FAU - Roy, S AU - Roy S FAU - Srivastava, A AU - Srivastava A FAU - Joneja, J AU - Joneja J FAU - Shevchuk, M AU - Shevchuk M FAU - Tewari, A K AU - Tewari AK LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120426 PL - England TA - Int J Impot Res JT - International journal of impotence research JID - 9007383 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Biopsy/*adverse effects MH - Erectile Dysfunction/*epidemiology/etiology MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Peripheral Nerve Injuries/epidemiology/etiology/prevention & control MH - Preoperative Period MH - Prostate/*innervation MH - Prostatectomy/adverse effects/*methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*surgery MH - Questionnaires MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Robotics MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Urinary Incontinence/epidemiology EDAT- 2012/04/27 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/15 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/27 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/26 [aheadofprint] AID - ijir20129 [pii] AID - 10.1038/ijir.2012.9 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Impot Res. 2012 Jul-Aug;24(4):161-4. doi: 10.1038/ijir.2012.9. Epub 2012 Apr 26. PMID- 22524402 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120831 DCOM- 20130116 IS - 1557-900X (Electronic) IS - 0892-7790 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 9 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Does pelvic lymph node dissection improve the biochemical relapse-free survival in low-risk prostate cancer patients treated by laparoscopic radical prostatectomy? PG - 1199-202 LID - 10.1089/end.2011.0589 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The roles and criteria for pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) are not fully evaluated in patients with low-risk prostate cancer who are treated by laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). In this study, the outcome of PLND was assessed in terms of the biochemical relapse-free survival rates of low-risk prostate cancer patients who had undergone LRP. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Included were 286 consecutive patients who were treated with LRP without previous endocrine therapy between 2002 and 2006 at our institution. Failure rates for LRP were compared in 139 patients with low-risk prostate cancer between those who underwent PLND (n=85) and those who did not (n=54). Biochemical relapse-free survival for each group was estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: The mean number of retrieved lymph nodes was 5.4 +/- 0.4 (range 2-22). The 5- and 7-year biochemical relapse-free survival rates were 90.1% and 88.3% in patients with PLND, and 82.4% and 82.4% in those without PLND (P=0.278), respectively (median follow-up 69.4 mos). None of the 85 patients undergoing PLND had positive lymph nodes. Only one patient had symptomatic lymphocele, and he was treated as an inpatient. The average time needed for PLND was 16 minutes, which corresponded to 7% of the entire operative time. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the dissection of pelvic lymph nodes is not related to biochemical relapse-free survival. The omission of PLND in patients with low-risk prostate cancer not only does not adversely affect biochemical relapse-free survival, but might decrease the incidence of complication and operative time of LRP. AD - Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Daimon, Tatsuaki AU - Daimon T FAU - Miyajima, Akira AU - Miyajima A FAU - Maeda, Takahiro AU - Maeda T FAU - Hattori, Seiya AU - Hattori S FAU - Yasumizu, Yota AU - Yasumizu Y FAU - Hasegawa, Masanori AU - Hasegawa M FAU - Kosaka, Takeo AU - Kosaka T FAU - Kikuchi, Eiji AU - Kikuchi E FAU - Nakagawa, Ken AU - Nakagawa K FAU - Oya, Mototsugu AU - Oya M LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120625 PL - United States TA - J Endourol JT - Journal of endourology / Endourological Society JID - 8807503 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Humans MH - Kaplan-Meier Estimate MH - *Laparoscopy MH - Lymph Node Excision/*methods MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Pelvis/surgery MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/*blood MH - Prostatectomy/*methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood/pathology/*surgery MH - Recurrence MH - Risk Factors EDAT- 2012/04/25 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/17 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/25 06:00 PHST- 2012/06/25 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1089/end.2011.0589 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Endourol. 2012 Sep;26(9):1199-202. doi: 10.1089/end.2011.0589. Epub 2012 Jun 25. PMID- 22523198 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120528 DCOM- 20130110 IS - 1549-490X (Electronic) IS - 1083-7159 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 5 DP - 2012 TI - Prognostic role of serum parathyroid hormone levels in advanced prostate cancer patients undergoing zoledronic acid administration. PG - 645-52 LID - 10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0448 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Secondary hyperparathyroidism is frequent in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases, and this condition is worsened by the administration of potent bisphosphonates. Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) elevation can impair the efficacy of these drugs in terms of survival. METHODS: The prognostic role of elevated serum PTH levels at baseline and after 3 months of zoledronic acid administration was assessed prospectively in 643 bone metastatic prostate cancer patients enrolled in a prospective randomized, placebo-controlled study. RESULTS: On multivariate analysis, after adjusting for major prognostic factors and bone turnover markers, elevated baseline serum PTH level was negatively associated with overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.448; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.045-2.006; p < .03) in zoledronic acid-treated patients but not in placebo-treated patients. In patients with normal baseline PTH levels, there was a trend but insignificant association between zoledronic acid administration and a better survival outcome than with placebo (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.65-1.01; p = .065), whereas a trend in the opposite direction was observed in patients with elevated PTH levels (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 0.87-2.39; p = .151); interaction test, p = .040. Elevated serum PTH level after 3 months of zoledronic acid treatment was not significantly associated with survival outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Secondary hyperparathyroidism has a negative prognostic impact in metastatic prostate cancer patients undergoing zoledronic acid administration. Counteracting elevated PTH levels by adequate doses of vitamin D may improve the efficacy of this drug. AD - Medical Oncology, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Azienda Ospedaliera San Luigi, Orbassano, Italy. alfredo.berruti@gmail.com FAU - Berruti, Alfredo AU - Berruti A FAU - Cook, Richard AU - Cook R FAU - Saad, Fred AU - Saad F FAU - Buttigliero, Consuelo AU - Buttigliero C FAU - Lipton, Allan AU - Lipton A FAU - Tampellini, Marco AU - Tampellini M FAU - Lee, Ker-Ai AU - Lee KA FAU - Coleman, Robert E AU - Coleman RE FAU - Smith, Matthew R AU - Smith MR LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial, Phase III PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120420 PL - United States TA - Oncologist JT - The oncologist JID - 9607837 RN - 0 (Bone Density Conservation Agents) RN - 0 (Diphosphonates) RN - 0 (Imidazoles) RN - 0 (Parathyroid Hormone) RN - 118072-93-8 (zoledronic acid) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Bone Density Conservation Agents/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Bone Neoplasms/*blood/*drug therapy/secondary MH - Diphosphonates/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Disease Progression MH - Double-Blind Method MH - Humans MH - Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/blood/chemically induced MH - Imidazoles/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - Parathyroid Hormone/*blood MH - Prognosis MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood/*drug therapy MH - Survival Analysis PMC - PMC3360904 OID - NLM: PMC3360904 EDAT- 2012/04/24 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/24 06:00 PMCR- 2013/05/01 00:00 PHST- 2012/04/20 [aheadofprint] AID - theoncologist.2011-0448 [pii] AID - 10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0448 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Oncologist. 2012;17(5):645-52. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0448. Epub 2012 Apr 20. PMID- 22521091 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120801 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 1873-7560 (Electronic) IS - 0302-2838 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Sep TI - The trade-off between sensitivity and specificity of clinical protocols for identification of insignificant prostate cancer. PG - 469-71 LID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.04.017 [doi] FAU - Van der Kwast, Theodorus H AU - Van der Kwast TH LA - eng PT - Comment PT - Editorial DEP - 20120414 PL - Switzerland TA - Eur Urol JT - European urology JID - 7512719 SB - IM CON - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):462-8. PMID: 22445138 MH - *Eligibility Determination MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Patient Selection MH - *Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*pathology/*surgery MH - *Watchful Waiting EDAT- 2012/04/24 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/24 06:00 PHST- 2012/03/29 [received] PHST- 2012/04/03 [accepted] PHST- 2012/04/14 [aheadofprint] AID - S0302-2838(12)00475-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.04.017 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Eur Urol. 2012 Sep;62(3):469-71. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.04.017. Epub 2012 Apr 14. PMID- 22520482 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121112 DCOM- 20130114 IS - 1879-355X (Electronic) IS - 0360-3016 (Linking) VI - 84 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Dec 1 TI - Magnetic resonance lymphography findings in patients with biochemical recurrence after prostatectomy and the relation with the Stephenson nomogram. PG - 1186-91 LID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.02.039 [doi] LID - S0360-3016(12)00305-7 [pii] AB - PURPOSE: To estimate the occurrence of positive lymph nodes on magnetic resonance lymphography (MRL) in patients with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence after prostatectomy and to investigate the relation between score on the Stephenson nomogram and lymph node involvement on MRL. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Sixty-five candidates for salvage radiation therapy were referred for an MRL to determine their lymph node status. Clinical and histopathologic features were recorded. For 49 patients, data were complete to calculate the Stephenson nomogram score. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine how well this nomogram related to the MRL result. Analysis was done for the whole group and separately for patients with a PSA <1.0 ng/mL to determine the situation in candidates for early salvage radiation therapy, and for patients without pathologic lymph nodes at initial lymph node dissection. RESULTS: MRL detected positive lymph nodes in 47 patients. ROC analysis for the Stephenson nomogram yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78 (95% confidence interval, 0.61-0.93). Of 29 patients with a PSA <1.0 ng/mL, 18 had a positive MRL. Of 37 patients without lymph node involvement at initial lymph node dissection, 25 had a positive MRL. ROC analysis for the Stephenson nomogram showed AUCs of 0.84 and 0.74, respectively, for these latter groups. CONCLUSION: MRL detected positive lymph nodes in 72% of candidates for salvage radiation therapy, in 62% of candidates for early salvage radiation therapy, and in 68% of initially node-negative patients. The Stephenson nomogram showed a good correlation with the MRL result and may thus be useful for identifying patients with a PSA recurrence who are at high risk for lymph node involvement. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. H.Meijer@rther.umcn.nl FAU - Meijer, Hanneke J M AU - Meijer HJ FAU - Debats, Oscar A AU - Debats OA FAU - Roach, Mack 3rd AU - Roach M 3rd FAU - Span, Paul N AU - Span PN FAU - Witjes, J Alfred AU - Witjes JA FAU - Kaanders, Johannes H A M AU - Kaanders JH FAU - van Lin, Emile N J Th AU - van Lin EN FAU - Barentsz, Jelle O AU - Barentsz JO LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120418 PL - United States TA - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys JT - International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics JID - 7603616 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Confidence Intervals MH - Humans MH - Lymph Node Excision MH - Lymph Nodes/pathology MH - Lymphatic Irradiation MH - Lymphatic Metastasis MH - Lymphography/*methods MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Grading/methods MH - *Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/blood/radiotherapy MH - *Nomograms MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/*blood MH - Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/*pathology/radiotherapy/surgery MH - ROC Curve MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Salvage Therapy/methods EDAT- 2012/04/24 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/15 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/24 06:00 PHST- 2011/03/02 [received] PHST- 2012/01/27 [revised] PHST- 2012/02/17 [accepted] PHST- 2012/04/18 [aheadofprint] AID - S0360-3016(12)00305-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.02.039 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Dec 1;84(5):1186-91. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.02.039. Epub 2012 Apr 18. PMID- 22513981 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121023 DCOM- 20130116 IS - 1097-0045 (Electronic) IS - 0270-4137 (Linking) VI - 72 IP - 16 DP - 2012 Dec 1 TI - Evaluation of MDM2, p16, and p53 staining levels as biomarkers of biochemical recurrence following salvage radiation therapy for recurrent prostate cancer. PG - 1757-66 LID - 10.1002/pros.22528 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The selection of appropriate candidates for salvage radiation therapy (SRT) to address a rising PSA following radical prostatectomy remains challenging. Herein, we provide the first evaluation of the ability of staining levels of the tumor based biomarkers MDM2, p16, and p53 to aid in prediction of biochemical recurrence (BCR) among men undergoing SRT for recurrent prostate cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We identified 152 patients who were treated with SRT between July 1987 and July 2003. Staining levels of MDM2, p16, and p53 in primary tumor samples removed during prostatectomy were detected using monoclonal antibodies and quantified by use of a computer-assisted method. Associations of staining levels with BCR were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression models; relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. RESULTS: Compared to patients with low staining (20 ng/mL at selection were randomized after 6 months of induction of ADT (leuprorelin and flutamide) if PSA level had decreased below 4 ng/mL. * Patients received either continuous or intermittent ADT. All patients were treated until signs of disease progression under treatment or until study end with a monthly central PSA determination and follow-up visits were performed every 3 months. * The primary endpoint was overall survival. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival, health-related quality of life (QLQ C30 questionnaire) and safety criteria. RESULTS: * Of 383 selected patients, 173 had a PSA level below 4 ng/mL after 6 months of induction of ADT and were randomized. Median overall survival (52 vs 42 months, P= 0.75) and median progression-free survival (15.1 vs 20.7 months, P= 0.74) were not significantly different between continuous and intermittent ADT. * Although some differences in quality of life were observed, most of the functional and symptom scales showed no significant difference between the two groups. * Significantly fewer treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in the intermittent group (P= 0.042), with the incidence of headache and hot flushes also lower. CONCLUSIONS: * This first randomized trial comparing continuous with intermittent ADT in metastatic PCa suggests that intermittent ADT might be as safe as continuous ADT. * It could be an option in highly responding and well-informed patients even if no clear benefit in health-related quality of life was shown. CI - (c) 2012 THE AUTHORS. BJU INTERNATIONAL (c) 2012 BJU INTERNATIONAL. AD - Departement d'Urologie, Clinique Mutualiste de la Loire, Saint-Etienne, France. nmottet@mutualite-loire.com FAU - Mottet, Nicolas AU - Mottet N FAU - Van Damme, Jean AU - Van Damme J FAU - Loulidi, Salim AU - Loulidi S FAU - Russel, Christoph AU - Russel C FAU - Leitenberger, Armin AU - Leitenberger A FAU - Wolff, Johannes M AU - Wolff JM CN - TAP22 Investigators Group LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120413 PL - England TA - BJU Int JT - BJU international JID - 100886721 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal) RN - 0 (Tablets) RN - 13311-84-7 (Flutamide) RN - 53714-56-0 (Leuprolide) SB - IM MH - Administration, Cutaneous MH - Administration, Oral MH - Aged MH - Androgen Antagonists/*administration & dosage MH - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/*administration & dosage MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Drug Administration Schedule MH - Flutamide/*administration & dosage MH - Humans MH - Kaplan-Meier Estimate MH - Leuprolide/*administration & dosage MH - Male MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/mortality MH - Tablets MH - Treatment Outcome IR - Neykov K FIR - Neykov, K IR - Tabakov V FIR - Tabakov, V IR - Hyncica J FIR - Hyncica, J IR - Kohler O FIR - Kohler, O IR - Abbou CC FIR - Abbou, C C IR - Mondor H FIR - Mondor, Henri IR - Ansieau JP FIR - Ansieau, J-P IR - Muller E FIR - Muller, E IR - Avances C FIR - Avances, C IR - Benchetrit J FIR - Benchetrit, J IR - Berlizot P FIR - Berlizot, P IR - Billebaud T FIR - Billebaud, T IR - BoccoN-Gibod L FIR - BoccoN-Gibod, L IR - Bondil P FIR - Bondil, P IR - Bouchot O FIR - Bouchot, O IR - Bouchou F FIR - Bouchou, F IR - Casse C FIR - Casse, C IR - Coloby P FIR - Coloby, P IR - Colombel P FIR - Colombel, P IR - Corbel L FIR - Corbel, L IR - Cosson JP FIR - Cosson, J-P IR - Delbos O FIR - Delbos, O IR - Descotes JL FIR - Descotes, J-L IR - Guiter J FIR - Guiter, J IR - Iborra F FIR - Iborra, F IR - Jung JL FIR - Jung, J-L IR - Lepelley M FIR - Lepelley, M IR - Lhez JM FIR - Lhez, J-M IR - Loulidi S FIR - Loulidi, S IR - Mottet N FIR - Mottet, N IR - Moulinier F FIR - Moulinier, F IR - Soulie R FIR - Soulie, R IR - Teillac P FIR - Teillac, P IR - Turblin JM FIR - Turblin, J-M IR - Van Damme J FIR - Van Damme, J IR - Beintker M FIR - Beintker, M IR - Bertermann H FIR - Bertermann, H IR - Bichler KH FIR - Bichler, K-H IR - Eickenberg U FIR - Eickenberg, U IR - Funke PJ FIR - Funke, P-J IR - Hagele W FIR - Hagele, W IR - Hammerer P FIR - Hammerer, P IR - Hahn E FIR - Hahn, E IR - Heinrichs HJ FIR - Heinrichs, H-J IR - Moll V FIR - Moll, V IR - Rebmann U FIR - Rebmann, U IR - Roth S FIR - Roth, S IR - Stockle M FIR - Stockle, M IR - Van Ahlen H FIR - Van Ahlen, H IR - Wieland W FIR - Wieland, W IR - Wirth MP FIR - Wirth, M-P IR - Wolff JM FIR - Wolff, J-M IR - Goncalves F FIR - Goncalves, F EDAT- 2012/04/17 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/01 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/17 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/13 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11120.x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - BJU Int. 2012 Nov;110(9):1262-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11120.x. Epub 2012 Apr 13. PMID- 22502733 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121030 DCOM- 20130110 IS - 1464-410X (Electronic) IS - 1464-4096 (Linking) VI - 110 IP - 10 DP - 2012 Nov TI - Prognostic significance of lymphovascular invasion in radical prostatectomy specimens. PG - 1507-14 LID - 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11115.x [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: To synthesize the results of studies including lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in the multivariate analyses of potential prostate cancer prognostic factors. To determine the role of LVI as an independent prognostic factor for biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a comprehensive systematic literature review of studies examining the association between LVI in prostatectomy specimens and prostate cancer recurrence. Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Knowledge, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Review of Effects (DARE) and Google Scholar were searched from January 2000 to February 2009. The primary outcome of interest was biochemical recurrence measured by serum prostate specific antigen (PSA). RESULTS: One thousand two hundred and forty-eight papers met our search criteria. Of these, 19 articles meeting our selection criteria reported results of a multivariate analysis to evaluate LVI as an independent prognostic factor of biochemical recurrence. Eleven (58%) of these studies concluded that LVI was an independent prognostic factor. Significant heterogeneity in the study population, disease characteristics and quality of the studies prevented meta-analysis of the results. In the nine studies in which the magnitude of independent association of LVI with recurrence was reported, it ranged from an odds ratio or relative risk of 1.37 to 4.39. CONCLUSIONS: The existing literature is conflicting and of insufficient homogeneity to definitively establish LVI as an important independent prognostic factor of biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer prostatectomy specimens. Additional adequately powered studies are required to determine the clinical value of reports of LVI involvement. In the meantime, the use of LVI status as an independent prognostic factor for clinical prognostication and medical decision making is not recommended. CI - (c) 2012 THE AUTHORS. BJU INTERNATIONAL (c) 2012 BJU INTERNATIONAL. AD - Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, ON, Canada. FAU - Ng, Jonathan AU - Ng J FAU - Mahmud, Aamer AU - Mahmud A FAU - Bass, Brenda AU - Bass B FAU - Brundage, Michael AU - Brundage M LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20120413 PL - England TA - BJU Int JT - BJU international JID - 100886721 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Humans MH - Lymphatic Metastasis MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Invasiveness MH - Prognosis MH - *Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*pathology/surgery EDAT- 2012/04/17 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/17 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/13 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11115.x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - BJU Int. 2012 Nov;110(10):1507-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11115.x. Epub 2012 Apr 13. PMID- 22494584 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121019 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 1879-355X (Electronic) IS - 0360-3016 (Linking) VI - 84 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Nov 15 TI - Twelve-month prostate-specific antigen values and perineural invasion as strong independent prognostic variables of long-term biochemical outcome after prostate seed brachytherapy. PG - 962-7 LID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.01.043 [doi] LID - S0360-3016(12)00095-8 [pii] AB - PURPOSE: To determine whether post-treatment prostate-specific antigen (ptPSA) values at 12 months and other clinical parameters predict long-term PSA relapse-free survival (PRFS) following prostate seed brachytherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Records of 204 hormone-naive patients with localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate treated at St. Mary's Regional Medical Center in Reno, NV, and at Carson Tahoe Regional Medical Center in Carson City, NV, between 1998 and 2003, using I-125 or Pd-103 seed brachytherapy, were retrospectively analyzed. Treatment planning was done using a preplanned, modified peripheral loading technique. A total of 185 of 204 patients had PSA records at 12 months after implant. Variables included were age, initial pretreatment PSA, Gleason score, T stage, National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk group (RG), perineural invasion (PNI), external beam boost, dose, and ptPSA levels at 12 months with cutpoints at 3.00 ng/ml. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 80 months, and median age was 69 years. The numbers of patients stratified by NCCN low, intermediate, and high RG were 110:65:10, respectively. Monotherapy and boost prescription doses were 145 Gy and 110 Gy for I-125, and 125 Gy and 100 Gy for Pd-103 seeds, respectively. The median dose (D90) was 95.4% of the prescribed dose. The 5-year PRFS at the 12-months ptPSA levels of 3.00 ng/ml were 98.5%, 85.7%, 61.5%, and 22.2%, respectively. The 10-year PRFS at the 12-months ptPSA levels of 3.00 ng/ml at 12 months were 1, 4.96, 27.57, and 65.10, respectively. PNI had an HR of 6.1 (p=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: Presence of PNI and ptPSA values at 12 months are strong prognostic variables for long-term PRFS after definitive prostate brachytherapy seed implantation. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California 94115, USA. billyding888@gmail.com FAU - Ding, William AU - Ding W FAU - Lee, John AU - Lee J FAU - Chamberlain, David AU - Chamberlain D FAU - Cunningham, James AU - Cunningham J FAU - Yang, Lixi AU - Yang L FAU - Tay, Jonathan AU - Tay J LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120409 PL - United States TA - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys JT - International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics JID - 7603616 RN - 0 (Iodine Radioisotopes) RN - 0 (Radioisotopes) RN - 7440-05-3 (Palladium) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Analysis of Variance MH - Brachytherapy/*methods MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Neoplasm Invasiveness MH - Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/blood MH - Neoplasm Staging MH - Neoplasm, Residual MH - Palladium/therapeutic use MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/*blood MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood/mortality/*pathology/*radiotherapy MH - Radioisotopes/therapeutic use MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/methods MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Time Factors EDAT- 2012/04/13 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/13 06:00 PHST- 2011/07/08 [received] PHST- 2012/01/10 [revised] PHST- 2012/01/13 [accepted] PHST- 2012/04/09 [aheadofprint] AID - S0360-3016(12)00095-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.01.043 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Nov 15;84(4):962-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.01.043. Epub 2012 Apr 9. PMID- 22494583 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121112 DCOM- 20130114 IS - 1879-355X (Electronic) IS - 0360-3016 (Linking) VI - 84 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Dec 1 TI - DNA-PKcs expression predicts response to radiotherapy in prostate cancer. PG - 1179-85 LID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.02.014 [doi] LID - S0360-3016(12)00226-X [pii] AB - PURPOSE: Double-strand breaks, the most lethal DNA lesions induced by ionizing radiation, are mainly repaired by the nonhomologous end-joining system. The expression of the nonhomologous end-joining pathway has never been studied in prostate cancer, and its prognostic value for patients undergoing radiotherapy remains unknown. METHODS: Pretreatment biopsies from 238 patients treated with exclusive external beam radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer with >/= 2 years of follow-up were reviewed to reassess the Gleason score. Of these 238 cases, 179 were suitable for in situ analysis and were included in the tissue microarrays. Expression of the nonhomologous end-joining proteins Ku70, Ku80, DNA-dependent protein kinase, catalytic subunits (DNA-PKcs), and X-ray repair cross complementing 4-like factor was studied by immunohistochemistry, together with the proliferation marker Ki67. RESULTS: The predictive value of the Gleason score for biochemical relapse (using the Phoenix criteria) was markedly improved after review (P<.0001) compared with the initial score (P=.003). The clinical stage, pretreatment prostate-specific antigen level, and perineural invasion status were also associated with progression-free survival (P=.005, P<.0001, and P=.03, respectively). High proliferation (>4%) tends to be associated with biochemical recurrence; however, the difference did not reach statistical significance (P=.06). Although the expression of Ku70, Ku80, and X-ray repair cross complementing 4-like factor was not predictive of relapse, positive DNA-PKcs nuclear staining was closely associated with biochemical recurrence (P=.0002). On multivariate analysis, only the Gleason score, prostate-specific antigen level, and DNA-PKcs status remained predictive of recurrence (P=.003, P=.002, and P=.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study highly suggest that DNA-PKcs could be a predictive marker of recurrence after radiotherapy, independently of the classic prognostic markers, including the Gleason score modified after review. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Pathology, CHU-Universite de Poitiers, Poitiers, France. FAU - Bouchaert, Patrick AU - Bouchaert P FAU - Guerif, Stephane AU - Guerif S FAU - Debiais, Celine AU - Debiais C FAU - Irani, Jacques AU - Irani J FAU - Fromont, Gaelle AU - Fromont G LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120409 PL - United States TA - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys JT - International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics JID - 7603616 RN - 0 (Antigens, Nuclear) RN - 0 (DNA-Binding Proteins) RN - 0 (Ki-67 Antigen) RN - 0 (Ku autoantigen) RN - 0 (NHEJ1 protein, human) RN - 0 (Neoplasm Proteins) RN - EC 2.7.11.1 (DNA-Activated Protein Kinase) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) RN - EC 6.5.1.- (DNA Repair Enzymes) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Antigens, Nuclear/metabolism MH - Cell Nucleus/metabolism MH - DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded MH - DNA End-Joining Repair/genetics MH - DNA Repair Enzymes/metabolism MH - DNA-Activated Protein Kinase/*metabolism MH - DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Humans MH - Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Neoplasm Invasiveness MH - Neoplasm Proteins/*metabolism MH - *Neoplasm Recurrence, Local MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/metabolism MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics/*metabolism/pathology/*radiotherapy MH - Tissue Array Analysis/methods EDAT- 2012/04/13 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/15 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/13 06:00 PHST- 2011/12/15 [received] PHST- 2012/02/06 [revised] PHST- 2012/02/07 [accepted] PHST- 2012/04/09 [aheadofprint] AID - S0360-3016(12)00226-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.02.014 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Dec 1;84(5):1179-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.02.014. Epub 2012 Apr 9. PMID- 22489895 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120831 DCOM- 20130116 IS - 1557-900X (Electronic) IS - 0892-7790 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 9 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Radical prostatectomy after previous transurethral resection of the prostate: robot-assisted laparoscopic versus open radical prostatectomy in a matched-pair analysis. PG - 1136-41 LID - 10.1089/end.2012.0074 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To determine whether previous transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) compromises the surgical outcome and pathologic findings in patient who underwent either radical robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) or open retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP) after TURP, because TURP is reported to complicate radical prostatectomy and there are conflicting data. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From July 2008 to July 2010, 357 patients underwent RALP. Of these, 19 (5.3%) patients had undergone previous TURP. Operative and perioperative data of patients were compared with those of matched controls selected from a database of 616 post-RRP patients. Matching criteria were age, clinical stage, the level of preoperative prostate-specific-antigen, the biopsy Gleason score, the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification score, and prostate volume assessed during transrectal ultrasonography. All RRP and RALP procedures were performed by experienced surgeons. RESULTS: Mean time to prostatectomy was 67.4 months in the RALP group and 53.1 months in the RRP group. Mean operative time was 217 +/- 51.9 minutes for RALP and 174 +/- 57.7 minutes for RRP (P<0.05). The overall positive surgical margin rate was 15.8% in both groups (pT(2) tumors: 10.5% for RALP and 5.3% for RRP; P=1.0). Mean estimated blood loss was 333 +/- 144 mL in RALP patients and 1103 +/- 636 mL in RRP patients (P<0.001). The difference between preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels was 3.22 +/- 0.98 g/dL for RALP and 5.85 +/- 1.95 g/dL for RRP (P=0.0002). The RALP and RRP groups also differed in terms of hospital stay (8.58 +/- 1.17 vs 11.74 +/- 5.22 days; P=0.0037), duration of catheterization (7.95 +/- 5.69 vs 11.78 +/- 6.97 days; P=0.0016), postoperative complications according to the Clavien classification system (6 vs 15 patients; P=0.0027), and transfusion rate (0% vs 10.5%; P<0.001). Conclusion: RALP offers advantages over open radical prostatectomy after previous surgery. Although both techniques are associated with adequate surgical outcomes, RALP appeared to be preferable in our population of patients with previous prostate surgery. AD - Department of Urology, Federal Armed Forces Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany. Martinschek@web.de FAU - Martinschek, Andreas AU - Martinschek A FAU - Heinzelmann, Kathrin AU - Heinzelmann K FAU - Ritter, Manuel AU - Ritter M FAU - Heinrich, Elmar AU - Heinrich E FAU - Trojan, Lutz AU - Trojan L LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120531 PL - United States TA - J Endourol JT - Journal of endourology / Endourological Society JID - 8807503 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Humans MH - *Laparoscopy MH - Male MH - Matched-Pair Analysis MH - Postoperative Complications/etiology MH - Preoperative Care MH - Prostate/pathology/surgery MH - Prostatectomy/adverse effects/*methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology/surgery MH - *Robotics MH - Transurethral Resection of Prostate/adverse effects/*methods EDAT- 2012/04/12 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/17 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/12 06:00 PHST- 2012/05/31 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1089/end.2012.0074 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Endourol. 2012 Sep;26(9):1136-41. doi: 10.1089/end.2012.0074. Epub 2012 May 31. PMID- 22487023 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120906 DCOM- 20130110 IS - 1744-313X (Electronic) IS - 1744-3121 (Linking) VI - 39 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Oct TI - Analysis of KIR gene frequencies and HLA class I genotypes in prostate cancer and control group. PG - 423-8 LID - 10.1111/j.1744-313X.2012.01115.x [doi] AB - Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men, with a significant increase in incidence and mortality in men over 50 years of age. Natural killer cells (NK) are part of the innate immune system recognizing class I HLA molecules on target cells through their membrane receptors, called killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR). The aim of our study is to evaluate the association between the KIR genes and HLA alleles in patients with prostate cancer and healthy controls. Two hundred patients with prostate cancer and 185 healthy controls were typed for HLA class I and KIR genes by PCR-SSP. When both groups were compared, no significant differences were found for HLA-C group 1 and group 2, HLA-Bw4, HLA-A3 and A11. No difference was seen either in KIR frequency between patients with prostate cancer and controls. In conclusion, our data suggest no potential role for the KIR gene system in prostate cancer. CI - (c) 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. AD - Department of Immunology, Hospital de Clinicas, Porto Alegre, Brazil. FAU - Portela, P AU - Portela P FAU - Jobim, L F AU - Jobim LF FAU - Salim, P H AU - Salim PH FAU - Koff, W J AU - Koff WJ FAU - Wilson, T J AU - Wilson TJ FAU - Jobim, M R AU - Jobim MR FAU - Schwartsmann, G AU - Schwartsmann G FAU - Roesler, R AU - Roesler R FAU - Jobim, M AU - Jobim M LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120410 PL - England TA - Int J Immunogenet JT - International journal of immunogenetics JID - 101232337 RN - 0 (Ligands) RN - 0 (Receptors, KIR) SB - IM MH - Brazil/epidemiology MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Chi-Square Distribution MH - *Gene Frequency MH - *Genes, MHC Class I MH - Genetic Association Studies/methods MH - *Genotype MH - Histocompatibility Testing/methods MH - Humans MH - Killer Cells, Natural MH - Ligands MH - Male MH - Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics MH - Receptors, KIR/*genetics EDAT- 2012/04/11 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/11 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/10 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1111/j.1744-313X.2012.01115.x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Immunogenet. 2012 Oct;39(5):423-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-313X.2012.01115.x. Epub 2012 Apr 10. PMID- 22475653 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120905 DCOM- 20130117 IS - 1090-2139 (Electronic) IS - 0889-1591 (Linking) VI - 26 IP - 7 DP - 2012 Oct TI - Genetic predictors of fatigue in prostate cancer patients treated with androgen deprivation therapy: preliminary findings. PG - 1030-6 LID - 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.03.001 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Fatigue is a common and distressing side effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer. The goal of the current study was to examine the relationship between changes in fatigue following initiation of ADT and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in three pro-inflammatory cytokine genes: interleukin-1 beta (IL1B), interleukin-6 (IL6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA). METHODS: As part of a larger study, men with prostate cancer (n = 53) were recruited prior to initiation of ADT. Fatigue was assessed at recruitment and 6 months after initiation of ADT. DNA was extracted from blood drawn at baseline. RESULTS: Patients with the IL6-174 (rs1800795) G/C or C/C genotype displayed greater increases in fatigue intrusiveness, frequency, and duration than the G/G genotype (p values 0.46). Patients with higher numbers of variants displayed greater increases in fatigue duration and interference (p values /= 1 docetaxel claim (docetaxel cohort, n=3642) were identified as mCRPC patients. Within the docetaxel cohort, an additional 6-months follow-up cohort (n=2862) was identified, i.e., patients with at least 6 months of follow-up after the first docetaxel claim. Resource utilization and costs were identified for all-cause hospitalizations, emergency room (ER) visits, physician visits and ambulatory visits, and prostate cancer-related prescription treatments. RESULTS: Significant increases in the mean per-patient-per-month (PPPM) count for the docetaxel cohort were observed for all medical resources measured (hospitalizations and ER, physician, and ambulatory visits) in the post-docetaxel period compared with the pre-docetaxel period (p<0.0001); similar significant increases were observed for the 6-months follow-up cohort in the last 6 months (prior to lost to follow-up date) compared with the period preceding the last 6 months (p<0.0408 ambulatory visits, p<0.0001 all other resources). Total docetaxel cohort costs (mean [standard deviation]) rose from an average PPPM cost of US$2593 (3208) in the pre-docetaxel period to US$5847 (6990) in the post-docetaxel period (p<0.0001); each of the individual resources measured (hospitalization, all healthcare visits, and prescription costs) demonstrated significant increases (p<0.0001). LIMITATIONS: Retrospective study design. CONCLUSIONS: This large database analysis showed a significant increase in use of healthcare resources and associated costs among mCRPC patients following first-line docetaxel treatment. AD - Janssen Global Services, Raritan, NJ 08869, USA. mmehra@its.jnj.com FAU - Mehra, Maneesha AU - Mehra M FAU - Wu, Ying AU - Wu Y FAU - Dhawan, Ravinder AU - Dhawan R LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120425 PL - England TA - J Med Econ JT - Journal of medical economics JID - 9892255 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Taxoids) RN - 114977-28-5 (docetaxel) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*economics/therapeutic use MH - Health Resources/economics/*utilization MH - Humans MH - Insurance Claim Review MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Outcome Assessment (Health Care) MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/economics/pathology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Taxoids/*economics/therapeutic use MH - United States EDAT- 2012/04/03 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/15 06:00 CRDT- 2012/04/03 06:00 PHST- 2012/04/25 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.3111/13696998.2012.681718 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Med Econ. 2012;15(5):836-43. doi: 10.3111/13696998.2012.681718. Epub 2012 Apr 25. PMID- 22445138 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120801 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 1873-7560 (Electronic) IS - 0302-2838 (Linking) VI - 62 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Pathologic prostate cancer characteristics in patients eligible for active surveillance: a head-to-head comparison of contemporary protocols. PG - 462-8 LID - 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.03.011 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Although the rationale for active surveillance (AS) in patients with low-risk prostate cancer is well established, eligibility criteria vary significantly across different programs. OBJECTIVE: To compare the ability of contemporary AS criteria to identify patients with certain pathologic tumor features based on the results of an extended transrectal prostate biopsy. DESIGN, SETTINGS, AND PARTICIPANTS: The study cohort included 391 radical prostatectomy patients who had prostate cancer with Gleason scores /= 10 cores. INTERVENTION: Radical prostatectomy without neoadjuvant treatment. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: We identified patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of five AS protocols including those of Epstein, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Prostate Cancer Research International: Active Surveillance (PRIAS), University of California, San Francisco, and University of Miami (UM). We evaluated the ability of these criteria to predict three pathologic end points: insignificant disease defined using a classical and updated formulation, and organ-confined Gleason /= 4.0 ng/ml. Genotyping of the KLK3 polymorphism was conducted by the polymerase chain reaction with the confronting two-pair primers (PCR-CTPP) method. RESULTS: The mean +/- SD of PSA levels (mg/dl) were 1.54 +/- 1.73 for those with KLK3 rs2735839 G/G genotype, 1.34 +/- 1.33 for G/A, and 1.20 +/- 1.23 for A/A, which was significantly different (p < 0.0001). The age-adjusted odds ratios of PSA test positivity were 0.62 (95% confidence interval 0.41-0.94) for those with G/A + A/A relative to those with G/G. CONCLUSIONS: The present study revealed that the KLK3 rs2735839 G allele was significantly associated with higher serum PSA levels also in Japanese. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel. AD - Seirei Preventive Health Care Center, Hamamatsu, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. FAU - Nobata, Syunsuke AU - Nobata S FAU - Hishida, Asahi AU - Hishida A FAU - Naito, Mariko AU - Naito M FAU - Asai, Yatami AU - Asai Y FAU - Mori, Atsuyoshi AU - Mori A FAU - Kuwabara, Mayumi AU - Kuwabara M FAU - Katase, Shiro AU - Katase S FAU - Okada, Rieko AU - Okada R FAU - Morita, Emi AU - Morita E FAU - Kawai, Sayo AU - Kawai S FAU - Hamajima, Nobuyuki AU - Hamajima N FAU - Wakai, Kenji AU - Wakai K LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120314 PL - Switzerland TA - Urol Int JT - Urologia internationalis JID - 0417373 RN - EC 3.4.21.- (Kallikreins) RN - EC 3.4.21.- (kallikrein-related peptidase 3, human) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Analysis of Variance MH - Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*genetics MH - Chi-Square Distribution MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Humans MH - Japan MH - Kallikreins/*blood/*genetics MH - Logistic Models MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Odds Ratio MH - Phenotype MH - Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/*blood/*genetics MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood/ethnology/*genetics MH - Risk Assessment MH - Risk Factors EDAT- 2012/03/22 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/03/22 06:00 PHST- 2011/06/20 [received] PHST- 2011/08/22 [accepted] PHST- 2012/03/14 [aheadofprint] AID - 000332197 [pii] AID - 10.1159/000332197 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Urol Int. 2012;89(1):39-44. doi: 10.1159/000332197. Epub 2012 Mar 14. PMID- 22430591 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120828 DCOM- 20130108 IS - 1097-0045 (Electronic) IS - 0270-4137 (Linking) VI - 72 IP - 14 DP - 2012 Oct 1 TI - Peptides binding to prostate-specific antigen enhance its antiangiogenic activity. PG - 1588-94 LID - 10.1002/pros.22512 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Proteolytically active prostate-specific antigen (PSA or kallikrein-related peptidase 3, KLK3) has been shown to exert antiangiogenic properties. High levels of PSA in prostatic tumors may thus slow down cancer progression by inhibiting angiogenesis. We hypothesize that factors stimulating the activity of PSA could be used to reduce prostate tumor growth. Using phage display, we have developed peptides C4 and B2 that stimulate the enzymatic activity of PSA. Our aim was to study whether these peptides enhance the antiangiogenic activity of PSA. METHODS: We used an in vitro angiogenesis assay where human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) form tubular networks when they are grown on Matrigel. Proteolytically active PSA and peptides that stimulate the activity of PSA were added to the cells. Endothelial cell tube formation was quantified and expressed as an angiogenesis index. RESULTS: PSA reduced the angiogenesis index to approximately 50% of controls both in serum-containing and serum-free medium. The addition of peptide C4 or B2 together with PSA caused a significant further decrease in angiogenesis index to approximately 70% of that caused by PSA alone. A similar decrease in angiogenesis index was observed when PSA concentration was increased 2.4-fold of that used with peptides. CONCLUSIONS: The inhibitory effect of PSA on tube formation can be enhanced by the addition of peptides that stimulate the activity of PSA. This supports our hypothesis that stimulation of PSA activity can be used to reduce angiogenesis and thereby inhibit prostate tumor growth. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. AD - Department of Clinical Chemistry, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Mattsson, Johanna M AU - Mattsson JM FAU - Narvanen, Ale AU - Narvanen A FAU - Stenman, Ulf-Hakan AU - Stenman UH FAU - Koistinen, Hannu AU - Koistinen H LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120316 PL - United States TA - Prostate JT - The Prostate JID - 8101368 RN - 0 (Peptides, Cyclic) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug MH - Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/drug effects MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neovascularization, Pathologic/prevention & control MH - Peptides, Cyclic/metabolism/*pharmacology MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/*metabolism MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood supply/*drug therapy/metabolism MH - Statistics, Nonparametric EDAT- 2012/03/21 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/09 06:00 CRDT- 2012/03/21 06:00 PHST- 2011/11/25 [received] PHST- 2012/02/17 [accepted] PHST- 2012/03/16 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1002/pros.22512 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Prostate. 2012 Oct 1;72(14):1588-94. doi: 10.1002/pros.22512. Epub 2012 Mar 16. PMID- 22415945 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120828 DCOM- 20130108 IS - 1097-0045 (Electronic) IS - 0270-4137 (Linking) VI - 72 IP - 14 DP - 2012 Oct 1 TI - Pathological findings at radical prostatectomy in patients initially managed by active surveillance: a comparative analysis. PG - 1573-9 LID - 10.1002/pros.22507 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: The purpose of our analysis was to determine if delays in treatment caused by active surveillance result in significant pathological changes when patients no longer meet the criteria on repeat biopsy and to study whether or not these changes may affect treatment outcomes. METHODS: Out of 207 men who were on active surveillance, 47 (23%) no longer met the criteria after one of the repeat biopsies. Twenty-two underwent radical prostatectomy at our institution and formed the main group (Group 1) of this study. One hundred sixty-four patients met the criteria for active surveillance but underwent immediate surgery. Of these patients, we selected 38 (23%) with the lowest predicted biochemical recurrence-free survival. These patients formed the comparison group (Group 2). Pathological features as well as postoperative biochemical outcomes were compared between the groups. RESULTS: Seven patients (32%) in Group 1 and four (11%) in Group 2 have predominantly high-grade cancer (i.e., >/=4/5 + 3) at pathology. The visually estimated percent of carcinoma was also higher in patients initially managed by active surveillance (median 12.5 vs. 5.0 in Groups 1 and 2, respectively, P = 0.009). Other pathological characteristics were similar in both groups. With limited duration of follow-up, postoperative biochemical recurrence-free survival did not differ significantly between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our study has demonstrated that both tumor grade and volume may increase during active surveillance. However, the clinical significance of these changes with respect to the outcomes of delayed treatment remains to be established. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. AD - Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33101, USA. viremashvili@med.miami.edu FAU - Iremashvili, Viacheslav AU - Iremashvili V FAU - Manoharan, Murugesan AU - Manoharan M FAU - Rosenberg, Daniel L AU - Rosenberg DL FAU - Acosta, Kristell AU - Acosta K FAU - Soloway, Mark S AU - Soloway MS LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120313 PL - United States TA - Prostate JT - The Prostate JID - 8101368 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Biopsy MH - Cohort Studies MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Humans MH - Kaplan-Meier Estimate MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Population Surveillance/methods MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood MH - Prostatectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/*pathology/*surgery EDAT- 2012/03/15 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/09 06:00 CRDT- 2012/03/15 06:00 PHST- 2012/01/03 [received] PHST- 2012/02/15 [accepted] PHST- 2012/03/13 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1002/pros.22507 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Prostate. 2012 Oct 1;72(14):1573-9. doi: 10.1002/pros.22507. Epub 2012 Mar 13. PMID- 22415934 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120828 DCOM- 20130108 IS - 1097-0045 (Electronic) IS - 0270-4137 (Linking) VI - 72 IP - 14 DP - 2012 Oct 1 TI - The identification and internal validation of a preoperative serum biomarker panel to determine extracapsular extension in patients with prostate cancer. PG - 1523-31 LID - 10.1002/pros.22506 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Accurate preoperative staging of prostate cancer (PCa) is important but current diagnostic methods cannot accurately determine extracapsular extension (ECE), resulting in the possible triage of patients towards a less appropriate arm of therapy. This has consequences to patient care and better methods of preoperatively determining ECE are required. METHODS: We followed a biomarker development pathway and compared the preoperative serum expressions of VEGF-D, PEDF, IGF-I, IGFBP3, and CD14 in patients from the Irish Prostate Cancer Research Consortium (PCRC) with radical prostatectomy determined ECE against patients with nonECE. RESULTS: The expression measurements of five proteins were fitted into a logistic regression model and backwards variable elimination methods were applied which resulted in a model with IGFBP3 and CD14 as the best combination biomarker panel. This panel was tested in an independent cohort of patients using an optimized multiplex electrochemiluminescence assay. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated and the areas under the curve (AUC) were calculated as an estimation of prediction accuracy. The biomarker panel was validated with an AUC of 76.6%, and a sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 75% was obtained. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first internally validated, preoperative serum biomarker panel that identifies ECE in patients with Gleason score 7 PCa with AUC 76.6%. The panel surpasses the routinely used diagnostic standards in accuracy and may help to improve preoperative cancer staging, better inform treatment options, and improve the referral patterns of patients with urgently treatable cancers towards more appropriate arms of therapy. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. AD - UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science, Dublin, Ireland. sheng-fei.oon@ucd.ie FAU - Oon, Sheng F AU - Oon SF FAU - Fanning, Deirdre M AU - Fanning DM FAU - Fan, Yue AU - Fan Y FAU - Boyce, Susie AU - Boyce S FAU - Murphy, T Brendan AU - Murphy TB FAU - Fitzpatrick, John M AU - Fitzpatrick JM FAU - Watson, R William AU - Watson RW LA - eng GR - Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Validation Studies DEP - 20120313 PL - United States TA - Prostate JT - The Prostate JID - 8101368 RN - 0 (Antigens, CD14) RN - 0 (Eye Proteins) RN - 0 (IGFBP3 protein, human) RN - 0 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3) RN - 0 (Nerve Growth Factors) RN - 0 (Serpins) RN - 0 (Tumor Markers, Biological) RN - 0 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D) RN - 0 (pigment epithelium-derived factor) RN - 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I) SB - IM MH - Antigens, CD14/blood MH - Cohort Studies MH - Eye Proteins/blood MH - Humans MH - Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3/blood MH - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/analysis MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Staging/methods MH - Nerve Growth Factors/blood MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood/pathology/surgery MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Serpins/blood MH - Tumor Markers, Biological/*blood MH - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D/blood EDAT- 2012/03/15 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/09 06:00 CRDT- 2012/03/15 06:00 PHST- 2012/01/08 [received] PHST- 2012/02/07 [accepted] PHST- 2012/03/13 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1002/pros.22506 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Prostate. 2012 Oct 1;72(14):1523-31. doi: 10.1002/pros.22506. Epub 2012 Mar 13. PMID- 22391649 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120528 DCOM- 20130102 IS - 1433-8726 (Electronic) IS - 0724-4983 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Jun TI - Molecular aspects of prostate cancer. PG - 277-8 LID - 10.1007/s00345-012-0853-x [doi] FAU - Cronauer, M V AU - Cronauer MV FAU - Culig, Z AU - Culig Z LA - eng PT - Editorial PT - Introductory Journal Article DEP - 20120307 PL - Germany TA - World J Urol JT - World journal of urology JID - 8307716 RN - 0 (Androgen Receptor Antagonists) RN - 0 (Receptors, Androgen) SB - IM MH - Androgen Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology MH - Biomedical Research/*trends MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Molecular Biology/*trends MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*physiopathology MH - Receptors, Androgen/drug effects/physiology MH - Signal Transduction/drug effects/physiology EDAT- 2012/03/07 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/03 06:00 CRDT- 2012/03/07 06:00 PHST- 2012/02/25 [received] PHST- 2012/02/27 [accepted] PHST- 2012/03/07 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1007/s00345-012-0853-x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - World J Urol. 2012 Jun;30(3):277-8. doi: 10.1007/s00345-012-0853-x. Epub 2012 Mar 7. PMID- 22370520 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121011 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 2164-554X (Electronic) VI - 8 IP - 4 DP - 2012 Apr TI - An overview of sipuleucel-T: autologous cellular immunotherapy for prostate cancer. PG - 520-7 LID - 10.4161/hv.18769 [doi] AB - Sipuleucel-T, the first autologous active cellular immunotherapy approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration, is designed to stimulate an immune response to prostate cancer. Sipuleucel-T is manufactured by culturing a patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells (including antigen presenting cells) with a recombinant protein comprising a tumor-associated antigen (prostatic acid phosphatase) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor. Treatment consists of 3 infusions at approximately 2-week intervals, resulting in a prime-boost pattern of immune activation, a robust antigen-specific cellular and humoral immune response, and, consequently, a survival benefit in subjects with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer. Adverse events are generally mild to moderate and resolve within 2 d. Serious adverse events occur at a low rate. As the first autologous cellular immunotherapy to demonstrate a survival benefit, sipuleucel-T is a novel oncologic therapeutic that warrants the reassessment of the current prostate cancer treatment paradigm. AD - Dendreon Corporation, Research, Seattle, WA, USA. FAU - Wesley, Johnna D AU - Wesley JD FAU - Whitmore, James AU - Whitmore J FAU - Trager, James AU - Trager J FAU - Sheikh, Nadeem AU - Sheikh N LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20120228 PL - United States TA - Hum Vaccin Immunother JT - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics JID - 101572652 RN - 0 (Cancer Vaccines) RN - 0 (Immunologic Factors) RN - 0 (Tissue Extracts) RN - 0 (sipuleucel-T) SB - IM MH - Cancer Vaccines/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Drug Toxicity/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - Immunologic Factors/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Immunotherapy/adverse effects/methods MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Metastasis/*therapy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*secondary/*therapy MH - Survival Analysis MH - Tissue Extracts/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Treatment Outcome MH - United States EDAT- 2012/03/01 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/02/29 06:00 PHST- 2012/02/28 [aheadofprint] AID - 18769 [pii] AID - 10.4161/hv.18769 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2012 Apr;8(4):520-7. doi: 10.4161/hv.18769. Epub 2012 Feb 28. PMID- 22357447 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120824 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1569-8041 (Electronic) IS - 0923-7534 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 9 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Phase I safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic study of the oral phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and mTOR inhibitor BGT226 in patients with advanced solid tumors. PG - 2399-408 LID - 10.1093/annonc/mds011 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: This phase I dose-escalation study investigated the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics (PDs), and preliminary antitumor activity of BGT226, a potent, oral dual phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-seven patients with advanced solid tumors received BGT226 2.5-125 mg/day three times weekly (TIW). Dose escalation was guided by an adaptive Bayesian logistic regression model with overdose control. Assessments included response per RECIST, [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake, and phosphorylated-S6 in skin and paired tumor samples. RESULTS: Three patients (125 mg cohort) had dose-limiting toxic effects (grade 3 nausea/vomiting, diarrhea). BGT226-related adverse events included nausea (68%), diarrhea (61%), vomiting (49%), and fatigue (19%). BGT226 demonstrated rapid absorption, variable systemic exposure, and a median half-life of 6-9 h. Seventeen patients (30%) had stable disease (SD) as best response. Nine patients had SD for >/=16 weeks. Thirty patients (53%) achieved stable metabolic disease as assessed by [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography; however, no correlation between metabolic response and tumor shrinkage according to computed tomography was observed. PD changes suggested PI3K pathway inhibition but were inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS: The MTD of BGT226 was 125 mg/day TIW, and the clinically recommended dose was 100 mg/day TIW. Limited preliminary antitumor activity and inconsistent target inhibition were observed, potentially due to low systemic exposure. AD - Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. FAU - Markman, B AU - Markman B FAU - Tabernero, J AU - Tabernero J FAU - Krop, I AU - Krop I FAU - Shapiro, G I AU - Shapiro GI FAU - Siu, L AU - Siu L FAU - Chen, L C AU - Chen LC FAU - Mita, M AU - Mita M FAU - Melendez Cuero, M AU - Melendez Cuero M FAU - Stutvoet, S AU - Stutvoet S FAU - Birle, D AU - Birle D FAU - Anak, O AU - Anak O FAU - Hackl, W AU - Hackl W FAU - Baselga, J AU - Baselga J LA - eng PT - Clinical Trial, Phase I PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120222 PL - England TA - Ann Oncol JT - Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology / ESMO JID - 9007735 RN - 0 (8-(6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-3-methyl-1-(4-piperazin-1-yl-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)- 1,3-dihydroimidazo(4,5-c)quinolin-2-one) RN - 0 (AU 006) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Imidazoles) RN - 0 (Quinolines) RN - 0 (Radiopharmaceuticals) RN - 63503-12-8 (Fluorodeoxyglucose F18) RN - EC 2.7.1.1 (MTOR protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.1.1 (TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases) RN - EC 2.7.1.137 (Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use MH - Breast Neoplasms/*drug therapy/radionuclide imaging MH - Colonic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/radionuclide imaging MH - Diarrhea/chemically induced MH - Female MH - Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/diagnostic use MH - Humans MH - Imidazoles/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use MH - Male MH - Maximum Tolerated Dose MH - Middle Aged MH - Nausea/chemically induced MH - Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/antagonists & inhibitors MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/radionuclide imaging MH - Quinolines/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use MH - Radiopharmaceuticals/diagnostic use MH - TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Young Adult EDAT- 2012/02/24 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/02/24 06:00 PHST- 2012/02/22 [aheadofprint] AID - mds011 [pii] AID - 10.1093/annonc/mds011 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Oncol. 2012 Sep;23(9):2399-408. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mds011. Epub 2012 Feb 22. PMID- 22357249 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120824 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1569-8041 (Electronic) IS - 0923-7534 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 9 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Addition of short-term androgen deprivation therapy to dose-escalated radiation therapy improves failure-free survival for select men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer. PG - 2346-52 LID - 10.1093/annonc/mds001 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Dose-escalated (DE) radiation therapy (RT) and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) improve prostate cancer outcomes over standard-dose RT. The benefit of adding ADT to DE-RT for men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer (IR-PrCa) is uncertain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We identified 636 men treated for IR-PrCa with DE-RT (>75Gy). The adult comorbidity evaluation-27 index classifed comorbidity. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests compared failure-free survival (FFS) with and without ADT. RESULTS: Forty-five percent received DE-RT and 55% DE-RT with ADT (median 6 months). On Cox proportional hazard regression that adjusted for comorbidity and tumor characteristics, ADT improved FFS (adjusted hazard ratio 0.36; P = 0.004). Recursive partitioning analysis of men without ADT classified Gleason 4 + 3 = 7 or >/=50% positive cores as unfavorable disease. The addition of ADT to DE-RT improved 5-year FFS for men with unfavorable disease (81.6% versus 92.9%; P = 0.009) but did not improve FFS for men with favorable disease (96.3% versus 97.4%; P = 0.874). When stratified by comorbidity, ADT improved FFS for men with unfavorable disease and no or mild comorbidity (P = 0.006) but did not improve FFS for men with unfavorable disease and moderate or severe comorbidity (P = 0.380). CONCLUSION: The addition of ADT to DE-RT improves FFS for men with unfavorable IR-PrCa, especially those with no or minimal comorbidity. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. FAU - Bian, S X AU - Bian SX FAU - Kuban, D A AU - Kuban DA FAU - Levy, L B AU - Levy LB FAU - Oh, J AU - Oh J FAU - Castle, K O AU - Castle KO FAU - Pugh, T J AU - Pugh TJ FAU - Choi, S AU - Choi S FAU - McGuire, S E AU - McGuire SE FAU - Nguyen, Q N AU - Nguyen QN FAU - Frank, S J AU - Frank SJ FAU - Nguyen, P L AU - Nguyen PL FAU - Lee, A K AU - Lee AK FAU - Hoffman, K E AU - Hoffman KE LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120221 PL - England TA - Ann Oncol JT - Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology / ESMO JID - 9007735 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Androgen Antagonists/*therapeutic use MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use MH - Comorbidity MH - Disease-Free Survival MH - Dose Fractionation MH - Humans MH - Kaplan-Meier Estimate MH - Male MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/mortality/pathology/*therapy MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/*therapy MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2012/02/24 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/02/24 06:00 PHST- 2012/02/21 [aheadofprint] AID - mds001 [pii] AID - 10.1093/annonc/mds001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Oncol. 2012 Sep;23(9):2346-52. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mds001. Epub 2012 Feb 21. PMID- 22351742 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120824 DCOM- 20121226 IS - 1569-8041 (Electronic) IS - 0923-7534 (Linking) VI - 23 IP - 9 DP - 2012 Sep TI - The role of comorbidities on the uptake of systemic treatment and 3-year survival in older cancer patients. PG - 2422-8 LID - 10.1093/annonc/mdr618 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Older patients are notably absent from clinical trials. Thus, observational studies are the primary avenue for understanding the role of comorbidity in cancer care and survival. We examined the impact of comorbidity on systemic treatment initiation and 3-year survival in a cohort of older cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Our cohort comprised 2753 Australian veterans aged >/=65 years with full health coverage and a cancer registry notification for colorectal (CRC), breast, prostate or non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We established comorbidities based on drugs prescribed in the 6 months prior to cancer diagnosis. RESULTS: Patients with higher comorbidity burden were more likely to receive systemic treatment for prostate cancer [adjusted odds ratio 1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-1.39] but less likely for NSCLC (0.63, 95% CI 0.45-0.86). After adjusting for receipt of treatment, increased comorbidity resulted in shorter survival for CRC [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.16, 95% CI 1.07-1.26] and breast cancer (aHR 1.23, 95% CI 1.02-1.48). However, we did not demonstrate significant improvements in 3-year survival for patients receiving systemic treatment. CONCLUSION: Comorbidity influences systemic treatment uptake and adversely affects survival, with impact dependent upon comorbidity and cancer type. Clinical trials should be undertaken in older patients to better understand the risks and benefits of cancer treatments. AD - Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. FAU - Stavrou, E P AU - Stavrou EP FAU - Lu, C Y AU - Lu CY FAU - Buckley, N AU - Buckley N FAU - Pearson, S AU - Pearson S LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20120220 PL - England TA - Ann Oncol JT - Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology / ESMO JID - 9007735 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy/*mortality MH - Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy/*mortality MH - Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy/*mortality MH - Comorbidity MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Kaplan-Meier Estimate MH - Logistic Models MH - Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy/*mortality MH - Male MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - New South Wales/epidemiology MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy/*mortality MH - Refusal to Treat EDAT- 2012/02/22 06:00 MHDA- 2012/12/27 06:00 CRDT- 2012/02/22 06:00 PHST- 2012/02/20 [aheadofprint] AID - mdr618 [pii] AID - 10.1093/annonc/mdr618 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ann Oncol. 2012 Sep;23(9):2422-8. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdr618. Epub 2012 Feb 20. PMID- 22327924 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120925 DCOM- 20130107 IS - 1826-6983 (Electronic) IS - 0033-8362 (Linking) VI - 117 IP - 6 DP - 2012 Sep TI - Tracking target position variability using intraprostatic fiducial markers and electronic portal imaging in prostate cancer radiotherapy. PG - 1057-70 AB - PURPOSE: Modern radiotherapy has achieved substantial improvement in tumour control and toxicity rates by escalating the total dose to the target volume while sparing surrounding normal tissues. It has therefore become necessary to precisely track tumour position in order to minimise geometrical uncertainties due to setup errors and organ motion. We conducted this prospective evaluation of prostate cancer patients treated with image-guided conformal radiation therapy at our institution. We implanted three fiducial markers (gold seeds) within the prostatic gland in order to quantify daily target displacements and to generate specific margins around the clinical target volume (CTV) to create an appropriate planned target volume (PTV). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between April and December 2009, ten patients affected with localised prostate cancer were transrectally implanted with three radio-opaque markers. Each patient underwent a computed tomography (CT) scan for planning purposes following proper bladder and rectum preparation. During treatment two orthogonal images were acquired daily and compared with previously generated digitally reconstructed radiographs. After manual localisation, comparison between the position of the gold seeds on the portal and reference images was carried out, and a set of extrapolated lateral-lateral (LL), anterior-posterior (AP) and cranial-caudal (CC) shift corrections was calculated and recorded. Couch corrections were applied with a threshold of 3 mm displacement. RESULTS: Systematic and random errors for each direction were calculated either as measured according to displacement of the gold seeds prior to any couch movement and after couch position correction according to the radio-opaque markers. For skin marks, mean systematic and random errors were 0.12+2.94 mm for LL, 1.04+3.37 mm for AP, -1.14+2.71 mm for CC, whereas for seed markers, mean and systematic errors were 0.6+1.5 mm for LL, 0.51+2.45 mm for AP and -0.25+2.51 mm for CC. A scatter plot generated on all measurements after couch repositioning according to gold-seed displacement suggested a confidence range of shift distributions within 5 mm for LL, 8 mm for CC, and 7 mm for AP. The total systematic and random components were then used to calculate proper PTV in patients receiving conventional treatment (7 mm for LL and 9 mm for both AP and CC). CONCLUSIONS: Prostate positional variability during a course of radiation treatment is strongly influenced by setup and organ motion. Organ tracking through fiducial markers and electronic portal imaging is able to reduce the spread of displacements, significantly contributing to improve the ballistic precision of radiation delivery. AD - Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, Ospedale S. Giovanni Battista, Via Genova 3, Turin, Italy. FAU - Munoz, F AU - Munoz F FAU - Fiandra, C AU - Fiandra C FAU - Franco, P AU - Franco P FAU - Guarneri, A AU - Guarneri A FAU - Ciammella, P AU - Ciammella P FAU - De Stefanis, P AU - De Stefanis P FAU - Rondi, N AU - Rondi N FAU - Moretto, F AU - Moretto F FAU - Badellino, S AU - Badellino S FAU - Iftode, C AU - Iftode C FAU - Ragona, R AU - Ragona R FAU - Ricardi, U AU - Ricardi U LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120210 PL - Italy TA - Radiol Med JT - La Radiologia medica JID - 0177625 SB - IM MH - Dose Fractionation MH - Fiducial Markers MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Prospective Studies MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*radiography/*radiotherapy MH - Radiographic Image Enhancement MH - Radiography, Interventional MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/*methods MH - Tomography, X-Ray Computed EDAT- 2012/02/14 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/08 06:00 CRDT- 2012/02/14 06:00 PHST- 2011/04/17 [received] PHST- 2011/05/25 [accepted] PHST- 2012/02/10 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1007/s11547-012-0797-7 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Radiol Med. 2012 Sep;117(6):1057-70. Epub 2012 Feb 10. PMID- 22305509 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120827 DCOM- 20130115 IS - 1873-1449 (Electronic) IS - 1538-4721 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Sep-Oct TI - Biopsy and implantation of the seminal vesicles. PG - 334-40 LID - 10.1016/j.brachy.2011.12.008 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To describe the technique and outcomes of seminal vesicle biopsy (SVB) and permanent implantation in patients with T3b prostate cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer patients who elected brachytherapy as their treatment of choice were offered SVB for either Gleason score >/=7, prostate-specific antigen levels >10ng/mL, or clinical stage >/=T2b. Three cores were taken from both seminal vesicles at the base of the prostate using transrectal ultrasound. Patients with a positive SVB and either a negative pelvic lymph node dissection or pelvic computerized tomogram were treated with a combination of a partial implant followed by 45Gy of external beam irradiation therapy. During the seed implant, sources were positioned in the anterior wall of the seminal vesicles using intraoperative dosimetry to guide placement. Biochemical freedom from failure was determined using a definition of >0.2ng/mL. Survival was measured using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportions projections. RESULTS: Of 526 patients who underwent SVB, 52 (9.9%) were positive for prostate cancer invasion. Clinical stage, prostate-specific antigen levels, and Gleason score were all predictive of a positive SVB (p<0.001). The 10-year biochemical freedom from failure was 64%. Cox regression demonstrated Gleason score (p=0.044) and biologic effective dose (p=0.013) as significant. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with pathologically confirmed seminal vesicle involvement of prostate cancer can be successfully identified and managed by a combined approach of permanent seed implantation to the prostate and seminal vesicles followed by external beam irradiation therapy. SVB should be encouraged in men with high-risk prostate cancer and aggressively treated when encountered. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Brachytherapy Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Urology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. drnelsonstone@gmail.com FAU - Stone, Nelson N AU - Stone NN FAU - Skouteris, Vassilios M AU - Skouteris VM FAU - Stock, Richard G AU - Stock RG LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120202 PL - United States TA - Brachytherapy JT - Brachytherapy JID - 101137600 RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Brachytherapy/*methods MH - Humans MH - Image-Guided Biopsy MH - Kaplan-Meier Estimate MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Proportional Hazards Models MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*pathology/*radiography/radiotherapy/surgery MH - Seminal Vesicles/*pathology/surgery/ultrasonography EDAT- 2012/02/07 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/16 06:00 CRDT- 2012/02/07 06:00 PHST- 2009/10/30 [received] PHST- 2011/12/12 [revised] PHST- 2011/12/14 [accepted] PHST- 2012/02/02 [aheadofprint] AID - S1538-4721(11)00439-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.brachy.2011.12.008 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brachytherapy. 2012 Sep-Oct;11(5):334-40. doi: 10.1016/j.brachy.2011.12.008. Epub 2012 Feb 2. PMID- 22228197 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20121004 DCOM- 20130122 IS - 1098-2744 (Electronic) IS - 0899-1987 (Linking) VI - 51 Suppl 1 DP - 2012 Oct TI - Estrogen receptors alpha (rs2234693 and rs9340799), and beta (rs4986938 and rs1256049) genes polymorphism in prostate cancer: evidence for association with risk and histopathological tumor characteristics in Iranian men. PG - E104-17 LID - 10.1002/mc.21870 [doi] AB - We evaluated the effect of estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha and ER-beta genes polymorphisms on development of prostate cancer (PCa) and its correlation with serum reproductive hormones and with clinicopathological characteristics in a sample of Iranian men. One hundred sixty-two men with PCa (mean age 63.7 +/- 3.4 years) and 324 age-matched healthy controls (mean age 63.1 +/- 3.2 years) were recruited in this study. Genotypes for ER-alpha and ER-beta genes polymorphisms were identified by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Serum levels of reproductive hormones were also measured. Of PCa patients, 38.3%, and 61.7% had localized and advanced tumor, and 45.7%, and 54.3%, had low grade and high-grade cancer, respectively. There was a significant difference in genotype frequency distribution of ER-alpha gene polymorphism (P = 0.002), and ER-beta gene polymorphism (P = 0.003) between cancer patients and controls. The ER-alpha Pvull C allele carriers (TC or CC) had a significantly increased risk of PCa compared with the TT homozygotes [odds ratio (OR) 3.12; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.87-5.84, and OR = 4.73, 95% CI:2.44-7.33, respectively]. It was also found that the ER-alpha XbaI AG (OR = 4.36; 95% CI:2.47-6.68; P = 0.001) and ER-beta AluI AG (OR = 2.66, 95% CI:1.61-4.16; P = 0.004) genotypes were significantly associated with increased risk of PCa. The ER-beta RsaI genotype was not associated with PCa. Baseline serum free E2 levels tended to be lower in men with PCa (0.35 +/- 0.04 pg/ml) compared to healthy men (0.48 +/- 0.05 pg/ml). Genotypes which confer susceptibility for developing PCa, accompanied with lowest serum levels of free E2. In the Iranian population, genetic polymorphisms of the ER-alpha and ER-beta genes may be involved in the etiology of PCa. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. AD - Clinical Center for Urological Disease Diagnosis and Private Clinic Specialized in Urological and Andrological Genetics, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Safarinejad, Mohammad Reza AU - Safarinejad MR FAU - Safarinejad, Saba AU - Safarinejad S FAU - Shafiei, Nayyer AU - Shafiei N FAU - Safarinejad, Shiva AU - Safarinejad S LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20120106 PL - United States TA - Mol Carcinog JT - Molecular carcinogenesis JID - 8811105 RN - 0 (Estrogen Receptor alpha) RN - 0 (Estrogen Receptor beta) RN - 0 (estrogen receptor alpha, human) RN - 58-22-0 (Testosterone) RN - EC 2.1.1.- (DNA modification methylase PvuII) RN - EC 2.1.1.- (DNA-Cytosine Methylases) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Case-Control Studies MH - DNA-Cytosine Methylases/genetics MH - Estrogen Receptor alpha/*genetics MH - Estrogen Receptor beta/*genetics MH - Gene Frequency MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Haplotypes/genetics MH - Humans MH - Iran MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Odds Ratio MH - *Polymorphism, Genetic MH - Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics/*pathology MH - Random Allocation MH - Testosterone/blood EDAT- 2012/01/10 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2012/01/10 06:00 PHST- 2011/06/21 [received] PHST- 2011/10/27 [revised] PHST- 2011/12/08 [accepted] PHST- 2012/01/06 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1002/mc.21870 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Carcinog. 2012 Oct;51 Suppl 1:E104-17. doi: 10.1002/mc.21870. Epub 2012 Jan 6. PMID- 22210552 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120620 DCOM- 20130110 IS - 1432-0851 (Electronic) IS - 0340-7004 (Linking) VI - 61 IP - 7 DP - 2012 Jul TI - Phase I trial of tremelimumab in combination with short-term androgen deprivation in patients with PSA-recurrent prostate cancer. PG - 1137-47 LID - 10.1007/s00262-011-1193-1 [doi] AB - CTLA-4 blockade has demonstrated antitumor efficacy in human clinical trials. The antitumor mechanism is presumably mediated in part by the expansion of tumor-specific T cells. Androgen deprivation, the cornerstone of treatment for patients with metastatic prostate cancer, has been shown to elicit prostate tissue apoptosis and lymphocytic inflammation. We hypothesized that treatment with androgen deprivation, followed by an anti-CTLA-4 antibody, could augment a tumor-specific immune response elicited by androgen deprivation. We report here the results of a phase I trial evaluating a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CTLA-4, CP-675,206 (tremelimumab), in combination with androgen deprivation using an antiandrogen. Eligible patients were those with PSA-recurrent prostate cancer after primary surgery and/or radiation therapy, not previously treated with androgen deprivation, and without radiographic evidence of metastatic disease. Subjects were treated in two cycles, 3 months apart, in which they received bicalutamide 150 mg daily days 1-28 and tremelimumab on day 29. The primary endpoint of the trial was safety. Secondary endpoints included measures of PSA kinetics and identification of a maximum tolerated dose. Eleven patients were enrolled and completed at least 1 year of follow-up. Dose-limiting toxicities included grade 3 diarrhea and skin rash. No favorable changes in PSA doubling time were observed in a period shortly after completing treatment; however, three patients experienced a prolongation in PSA doubling time detectable several months after completing treatment. The identification of delayed, prolonged favorable changes in serum PSA suggests that future studies could explore this combination in studies evaluating time to disease progression. AD - University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, 53792, USA. dm3@medicine.wisc.edu FAU - McNeel, Douglas G AU - McNeel DG FAU - Smith, Heath A AU - Smith HA FAU - Eickhoff, Jens C AU - Eickhoff JC FAU - Lang, Joshua M AU - Lang JM FAU - Staab, Mary Jane AU - Staab MJ FAU - Wilding, George AU - Wilding G FAU - Liu, Glenn AU - Liu G LA - eng GR - T32 CA009614-21/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - T32CA009614/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Clinical Trial, Phase I PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20111231 PL - Germany TA - Cancer Immunol Immunother JT - Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII JID - 8605732 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - 0 (Anilides) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) RN - 0 (CP-675,206) RN - 0 (Nitriles) RN - 0 (Tosyl Compounds) RN - 90357-06-5 (bicalutamide) RN - EC 3.4.21.77 (Prostate-Specific Antigen) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Androgen Antagonists/*administration & dosage MH - Anilides/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Antibodies, Monoclonal/*administration & dosage MH - Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Disease Progression MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Nitriles/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Prostate-Specific Antigen/*blood/immunology MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/blood/*drug therapy/pathology/surgery MH - Tosyl Compounds/*administration & dosage/adverse effects MH - Treatment Outcome PMC - PMC3349783 MID - NIHMS351614 OID - NLM: NIHMS351614 OID - NLM: PMC3349783 EDAT- 2012/01/03 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2012/01/03 06:00 PMCR- 2013/07/01 00:00 PHST- 2011/11/22 [received] PHST- 2011/12/19 [accepted] PHST- 2011/12/31 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1007/s00262-011-1193-1 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2012 Jul;61(7):1137-47. doi: 10.1007/s00262-011-1193-1. Epub 2011 Dec 31. PMID- 22189029 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120803 DCOM- 20130115 IS - 1873-4022 (Electronic) IS - 1873-4022 (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Autumn TI - Dosimetric implications of residual seminal vesicle motion in fiducial-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy for prostate cancer. PG - 240-4 LID - 10.1016/j.meddos.2011.09.002 [doi] AB - To determine whether residual interfraction seminal vesicle (SV) displacement necessitates specific planning target volume (PTV) margins during fiducial-guided intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) of the prostate. A planning computed tomography (CT) scan and 2 subsequent CT scans were prospectively obtained for 20 prostate cancer patients with intraprostatic fiducial markers. After CT registration, SV displacement relative to the prostate was quantified as a function of margin size for both the proximal (1 cm) SV (PSV) and the full SV (FSV). Two IMRT plans were simulated for each patient (prostate + PSV and prostate + FSV) both with a uniform 5-mm PTV margin. Minimum clinical target volume (CTV) dose (D(min)) and the volume of SV receiving 95% of the prescription dose (V(95%)) were assessed during treatment and compared with the initial plan. In all cases, SV displacement with respect to the prostate was greater for the FSV compared with the PSV. To ensure at least 95% geometrical coverage of the CTV for 90% of patients, margins of 5 and 8 mm were required for the PSV and FSV, respectively. Dosimetrically, residual SV displacement had minimal impact on PSV coverage compared with FSV coverage. For the PSV D(min) was >/=95% of the prescribed dose in 90% of patients with an overall mean V(95%) of 99.6 +/- 0.8%; for the FSV D(min) was >/=95% of the prescribed dose in only 45% of patients with a mean V(95%) of 97.9 +/- 2.4%. The SVs move differentially from the prostate and exhibit greater variation with increasing distance from the prostate. For plans targeting just the prostate and PSVs, 5-mm PTV expansions are adequate. However, despite daily localization of the prostate, larger PTV margins are required for cases where the intent is to completely cover the FSV. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Association of Medical Dosimetrists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. FAU - Stenmark, Matthew H AU - Stenmark MH FAU - Vineberg, Karen AU - Vineberg K FAU - Ten Haken, Randall K AU - Ten Haken RK FAU - Hamstra, Daniel A AU - Hamstra DA FAU - Feng, Mary AU - Feng M LA - eng GR - 1 R21 CA110485-01A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20111219 PL - United States TA - Med Dosim JT - Medical dosimetry : official journal of the American Association of Medical Dosimetrists JID - 8908862 SB - IM MH - Fiducial Markers MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*radiography/*radiotherapy MH - Radiometry/*methods MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - *Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted MH - Radiotherapy, Conformal/*methods MH - Radiotherapy, Image-Guided/*methods MH - Reproducibility of Results MH - Seminal Vesicles/*radiography MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2011/12/23 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/16 06:00 CRDT- 2011/12/23 06:00 PHST- 2011/06/01 [received] PHST- 2011/09/06 [accepted] PHST- 2011/12/19 [aheadofprint] AID - S0958-3947(11)00161-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.meddos.2011.09.002 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Med Dosim. 2012 Autumn;37(3):240-4. doi: 10.1016/j.meddos.2011.09.002. Epub 2011 Dec 19. PMID- 21993000 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20111107 DCOM- 20130117 IS - 1950-6007 (Electronic) IS - 0753-3322 (Linking) VI - 65 IP - 7 DP - 2011 Oct TI - Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in prostate cancer patients: relation to Gleason score, treatment and bone metastasis. PG - 516-24 LID - 10.1016/j.biopha.2011.06.003 [doi] AB - Over the last decade, epidemiological, experimental and clinical studies have implicated oxidative stress in the development and progression of prostate cancer. In the present study, we evaluated the oxidative status and antioxidant defense in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) taking into consideration: treatment, Gleason score and bone metastasis. For this, we measured concentrations of plasmatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), serum protein carbonylation, whole blood catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, as well as the plasma and erythrocyte thiol levels and serum vitamin C and E concentration. This study was performed on 55 patients with PCa and 55 healthy men. TBARS levels and serum protein carbonylation were higher in PCa patients than in controls and altered levels of antioxidants were found in these patients. CAT activity was decreased and SOD activity was higher in PCa patients when compared with controls. Non-protein thiol levels were increased, however, serum vitamin C and vitamin E content were reduced in PCa patients when compared with controls. In addition, different parameters analyzed in PCa patients based on metastasis, treatment and Gleason score showed changes in oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant defenses. These findings may indicate an imbalance in the oxidant/antioxidant status, supporting the idea that oxidative stress plays a role in PCa, moreover, the oxidative profile appear to be modified by bone metastasis, treatment and Gleason score. CI - Copyright A(c) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. AD - Departamento de Quimica, Centro de Ciencias Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitario, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. v.battisti@bol.com.br FAU - Battisti, Vanessa AU - Battisti V FAU - Maders, Liesi D K AU - Maders LD FAU - Bagatini, Margarete D AU - Bagatini MD FAU - Reetz, Luiz Gustavo B AU - Reetz LG FAU - Chiesa, Juarez AU - Chiesa J FAU - Battisti, Iara E AU - Battisti IE FAU - Goncalves, Jamile F AU - Goncalves JF FAU - Duarte, Marta M F AU - Duarte MM FAU - Schetinger, Maria R C AU - Schetinger MR FAU - Morsch, Vera M AU - Morsch VM LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20110825 PL - France TA - Biomed Pharmacother JT - Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie JID - 8213295 RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal) RN - 0 (Sulfhydryl Compounds) RN - 0 (Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances) RN - 1406-18-4 (Vitamin E) RN - 427-51-0 (Cyproterone Acetate) RN - 50-81-7 (Ascorbic Acid) RN - 65807-02-5 (Goserelin) RN - EC 1.11.1.6 (Catalase) RN - EC 1.15.1.1 (Superoxide Dismutase) SB - IM MH - Adenocarcinoma/*blood/drug therapy/secondary MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use MH - Ascorbic Acid/blood MH - Bone Neoplasms/blood/*secondary/therapy MH - Catalase/blood MH - Cyproterone Acetate/therapeutic use MH - Erythrocytes/chemistry MH - Goserelin/therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - Lipid Peroxidation MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - *Oxidative Stress MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood/drug therapy/pathology MH - Protein Carbonylation MH - Sulfhydryl Compounds/blood MH - Superoxide Dismutase/blood MH - Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/analysis MH - Vitamin E/blood EDAT- 2011/10/14 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/18 06:00 CRDT- 2011/10/14 06:00 PHST- 2011/04/21 [received] PHST- 2011/06/22 [accepted] PHST- 2011/08/25 [aheadofprint] AID - S0753-3322(11)00092-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.biopha.2011.06.003 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biomed Pharmacother. 2011 Oct;65(7):516-24. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2011.06.003. Epub 2011 Aug 25. PMID- 21937284 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120827 DCOM- 20130115 IS - 1873-1449 (Electronic) IS - 1538-4721 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 5 DP - 2012 Sep-Oct TI - Urethra low-dose tunnels: validation of and class solution for generating urethra-sparing dose plans using inverse planning simulated annealing for prostate high-dose-rate brachytherapy. PG - 348-53 LID - 10.1016/j.brachy.2011.07.009 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: Urethral dose is related to severity of genitourinary toxicity in patients treated with brachytherapy for prostate cancer. This work describes a dose planning method that uses inverse planning to create a low-dose tunnel around the urethra and presents a class solution to achieve this additional dose sparing of the urethra. METHODS: Fifteen patients on the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0321 protocol were treated for prostate cancer with a high-dose-rate brachytherapy dose boost to an external beam radiation treatment regimen. All were treated with 9.5Gy for each of the two fractions after 45Gy of the external beam radiation. The inverse-planning algorithm, inverse planning simulated annealing (IPSA), was used to create both the standard RTOG protocol (SRP) plan for treatment and the a posteriori urethra dose sparing (UDS) plan consisting of a dose tunnel along the urethra. Both plans maintained the protocol parameters: prostate V(100) (volume receiving 100% of prescribed dose)>90% and bladder and rectum V(75)<1 cm(3). In the SRP plans, the urethra surface was optimized to receive <125% of the prescription dose and in the UDS plans <100%. Dose-volume histograms for the clinical treatment volume, bladder, rectum, penile bulb, and urethra for both plans are compared using a paired sample t test with significance claimed for probability values<0.05. RESULTS: UDS planning reduced the urethra V(100) from 88% to 58% on average (p<0.01) and the V(125) from 3.3% to 0.2% (p < 0.01). Bladder and rectum V(75) were maintained at <1 cm(3) and not significantly different between plans. Prostate coverage was maintained per protocol at V(100)>90%, with mean for the SRP V(100)=93% versus UDS plan V(100)=90%. Prostate D(90) for SRP was 104% versus UDS plan D(90)=101%. For all patients, the UDS achieved a dose tunnel surrounding the length of the intraprostatic urethra. The class solution for generating UDS is presented. CONCLUSIONS: A urethral sparing-focused planning solution using IPSA reduces mean urethral dose by 34%, as compared with IPSA-generated plans based on the RTOG 0321 protocol. This is done while maintaining prostate coverage and critical structure dose. This technique can be applied to all patients in whom urethra toxicity is of particular concern. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 American Brachytherapy Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA. cunhaa@radonc.ucsf.edu FAU - Cunha, J Adam M AU - Cunha JA FAU - Pouliot, Jean AU - Pouliot J FAU - Weinberg, Vivian AU - Weinberg V FAU - Wang-Chesebro, Alice AU - Wang-Chesebro A FAU - Roach, Mack 3rd AU - Roach M 3rd FAU - Hsu, I-Chow AU - Hsu IC LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Validation Studies DEP - 20110921 PL - United States TA - Brachytherapy JT - Brachytherapy JID - 101137600 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Brachytherapy/adverse effects/*methods MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*radiotherapy MH - Radiotherapy Dosage MH - Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/*methods MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Urethra/*radiation effects EDAT- 2011/09/23 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/16 06:00 CRDT- 2011/09/23 06:00 PHST- 2010/11/10 [received] PHST- 2011/02/03 [revised] PHST- 2011/07/26 [accepted] PHST- 2011/09/21 [aheadofprint] AID - S1538-4721(11)00359-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.brachy.2011.07.009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Brachytherapy. 2012 Sep-Oct;11(5):348-53. doi: 10.1016/j.brachy.2011.07.009. Epub 2011 Sep 21. PMID- 21847658 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120528 DCOM- 20130102 IS - 1433-8726 (Electronic) IS - 0724-4983 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Jun TI - The clinical impact of pathological review on selection the treatment modality for localized prostate cancer in candidates for brachytherapy monotherapy. PG - 375-8 LID - 10.1007/s00345-011-0738-4 [doi] AB - AIM: To evaluate the impact of pathological review by pathologist with genitourinary expertise (PGU) on treatment modality of localized prostate cancer, we analyzed Gleason grade (GG) migration and the final treatment decision in a cohort of patients designated for permanent prostate brachytherapy (PPB). METHODS: From February 2005 to July 2010, a total of 247 patients with localized prostate cancer diagnosed by local community hospitals were referred to our hospital for PPB monotheray. All pathologic slides of prostate biopsies were reviewed by a single PGU. Patients ultimately selected their treatment modality from our recommendations based on the review. Indication for PPB monotherapy was the NCCN classification of patients as good or intermediate risk. In addition, patient with Primary GG 4 was regarded as unadapted case. RESULTS: Six cases were reinterpreted as no cancer (2.4%). GG change occurred in 94 cases (38.1%) of which 77 (81.9%) were upgraded and 17 (18.1%) downgraded. Of the total 247 patients, 86 (34.8%) changed therapies and 30 (12.1%) did so based on the pathologic slide review. CONCLUSIONS: Pathological review of biopsy specimens is mandatory for the determination of treatment modality especially in candidates for monotherapy of permanent prostate brachytherapy. AD - Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan. FAU - Kishimoto, Ryo AU - Kishimoto R FAU - Saika, Takashi AU - Saika T FAU - Bekku, Kensuke AU - Bekku K FAU - Nose, Hiroyuki AU - Nose H FAU - Abarzua, Fernando AU - Abarzua F FAU - Kobayashi, Yasuyuki AU - Kobayashi Y FAU - Araki, Motoo AU - Araki M FAU - Yanai, Hiroyuki AU - Yanai H FAU - Nasu, Yasutomo AU - Nasu Y FAU - Kumon, Hiromi AU - Kumon H LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20110817 PL - Germany TA - World J Urol JT - World journal of urology JID - 8307716 SB - IM MH - Biopsy MH - Brachytherapy/*methods MH - Cohort Studies MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Grading MH - Prostate/pathology MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis/*pathology/*radiotherapy MH - Retrospective Studies EDAT- 2011/08/19 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/03 06:00 CRDT- 2011/08/18 06:00 PHST- 2011/05/16 [received] PHST- 2011/07/20 [accepted] PHST- 2011/08/17 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1007/s00345-011-0738-4 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - World J Urol. 2012 Jun;30(3):375-8. doi: 10.1007/s00345-011-0738-4. Epub 2011 Aug 17. PMID- 21847657 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120528 DCOM- 20130102 IS - 1433-8726 (Electronic) IS - 0724-4983 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Jun TI - Oncologic outcomes following radical prostatectomy with intraoperative cell salvage. PG - 379-83 LID - 10.1007/s00345-011-0746-4 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To evaluate oncologic outcomes following the use of intraoperative cell salvage (IOCS) as a blood loss management strategy during open radical prostatectomy (RP). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all open retropubic RP cases performed by a single surgeon. Patients were identified who received IOCS blood and evaluated for an increased risk of biochemical recurrence (BCR) and overall mortality. RESULTS: The study cohort consisted of 1,862 men, 395 (21.2%) of whom received IOCS blood. At a median follow-up of 47.0 months, men who received IOCS blood were not at an increased risk of BCR (P = 0.323) or all-cause mortality (P = 0.892). IOCS use did not confer an increased risk of BCR within any D'Amico preoperative risk category (low risk, P = 0.592; intermediate risk, P = 0.107; and high risk, P = 0.697). CONCLUSIONS: IOCS is safe for the management of blood loss during RP. At long-term follow-up, IOCS use was not associated with an increased risk of BCR or death. While it remains preferable to avoid any form of blood transfusion, we advocate for the use of IOCS in place of allogeneic blood. These conclusions are drawn from our study of the largest and longest followed cohort patients who received IOCS blood during RP. AD - Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, P.O. Box 016960 (M-814), Miami, FL 33101, USA. FAU - Gorin, Michael A AU - Gorin MA FAU - Eldefrawy, Ahmed AU - Eldefrawy A FAU - Manoharan, Murugesan AU - Manoharan M FAU - Soloway, Mark S AU - Soloway MS LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20110817 PL - Germany TA - World J Urol JT - World journal of urology JID - 8307716 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Blood Loss, Surgical/*prevention & control MH - Cohort Studies MH - Follow-Up Studies MH - Humans MH - Kaplan-Meier Estimate MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Operative Blood Salvage/*methods MH - Prostate/surgery MH - Prostatectomy/*methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/mortality/*surgery MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk Factors MH - Treatment Outcome EDAT- 2011/08/19 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/03 06:00 CRDT- 2011/08/18 06:00 PHST- 2011/05/24 [received] PHST- 2011/08/03 [accepted] PHST- 2011/08/17 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1007/s00345-011-0746-4 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - World J Urol. 2012 Jun;30(3):379-83. doi: 10.1007/s00345-011-0746-4. Epub 2011 Aug 17. PMID- 21833557 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120528 DCOM- 20130102 IS - 1433-8726 (Electronic) IS - 0724-4983 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 3 DP - 2012 Jun TI - Advances in small molecule inhibitors of androgen receptor for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. PG - 311-8 LID - 10.1007/s00345-011-0745-5 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVES: Current treatments for localized prostate cancer include brachytherapy, external beam radiation, surgery, and active surveillance. Unfortunately, 20-40% of prostate cancer patients will experience recurrence and require hormonal therapies. These therapies involve androgen ablation by chemical or surgical castration and application of antiandrogens. Hormonal therapy is initially effective, but will inevitably fail and the disease will progress to lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) from which patients succumb within 2 years. CRPC is considered to be dependent on transcriptionally active androgen receptors (AR). This article reviews recent advances in the discovery and development of small molecule inhibitors of AR. METHODS: A PubMed database search was performed for articles focused on small molecule inhibitors of AR for potential development for the treatment of prostate cancer. Compounds with broad effects on other pathways were not included. RESULTS: Currently, there are several novel antiandrogens being tested in the clinic that have improved affinity for the AR and work by different mechanisms to the current battery of approved antiandrogens that are discussed. Small molecule inhibitors that interact with regions other than the AR ligand-binding pocket have been also been discovered. These small molecules include allosteric inhibitors of the LBD, compounds that alter AR conformation, and antagonists to the AR NTD and are highlighted. CONCLUSIONS: CRPC is dependent upon transcriptionally active AR. Survival improvement may be achieved by complete blockade of all AR activity using novel small molecule inhibitors with unique mechanisms of action. AD - Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada. msadar@bcgsc.ca FAU - Sadar, Marianne D AU - Sadar MD LA - eng GR - 2R01 CA105304/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - MOP-79308/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada GR - PPP-102189/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20110811 PL - Germany TA - World J Urol JT - World journal of urology JID - 8307716 RN - 0 (Androgen Antagonists) RN - 0 (Androgen Receptor Antagonists) RN - 0 (Small Molecule Libraries) SB - IM MH - Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use MH - Androgen Receptor Antagonists/*chemistry/*therapeutic use MH - Disease Progression MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Orchiectomy MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/surgery MH - *Severity of Illness Index MH - Small Molecule Libraries MH - Treatment Failure EDAT- 2011/08/13 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/03 06:00 CRDT- 2011/08/12 06:00 PHST- 2011/06/17 [received] PHST- 2011/07/29 [accepted] PHST- 2011/08/11 [aheadofprint] AID - 10.1007/s00345-011-0745-5 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - World J Urol. 2012 Jun;30(3):311-8. doi: 10.1007/s00345-011-0745-5. Epub 2011 Aug 11. PMID- 21821653 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20120607 DCOM- 20130115 IS - 1552-695X (Electronic) IS - 1534-7354 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 2 DP - 2012 Jun TI - Prevalence and correlates of vitamin and supplement usage among men with a family history of prostate cancer. PG - 83-9 LID - 10.1177/1534735411413262 [doi] AB - HYPOTHESES: Men who have a brother with prostate cancer have a 2-fold increased risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer. Strategies employed by these men to reduce prostate cancer risk are not well understood. Preliminary studies have shown that men with a family history of prostate cancer have a high rate of vitamin and supplement usage aimed at the prevention of prostate cancer. STUDY DESIGN: The authors analyzed data from a cross-sectional study of men with familial and hereditary prostate cancer and their unaffected brothers. A total of 542 unaffected men who had at least one brother who had been diagnosed with prostate cancer regarding their use of vitamins and supplements, as well as the motivation for use, were interviewed. METHODS: The associations between subject characteristics and vitamin and supplement use were evaluated using an unconditional logistic regression modeling approach. RESULTS: Overall, 59.2% and 36.5% of men reported ever using and currently using, respectively, one or more vitamins or supplements (including multivitamins). One third of men took a vitamin or supplement that has been targeted for prostate health or cancer prevention, including green tea, magnesium, male hormones, saw palmetto, selenium, soy, vitamins A, C, E, and zinc. Increasing age at time of survey was associated with vitamin/supplement use (odds ratio [OR] = 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01-1.05). After adjusting for age at time of survey, being younger than an affected brother was associated with vitamin and supplement use (OR = 1.51; 95% CI = 1.01-2.25). A total of 25% of men reported obtaining information from books or articles as the most common source of information. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that men at an increased risk for prostate cancer report a high rate of vitamin and supplement use, including supplements targeted for prostate cancer prevention. Men with a family history of prostate cancer represent a target population for future chemopreventative agents. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0946, USA. FAU - Bauer, Christina M AU - Bauer CM FAU - Ishak, Miriam B AU - Ishak MB FAU - Johnson, Emilie K AU - Johnson EK FAU - Beebe-Dimmer, Jennifer L AU - Beebe-Dimmer JL FAU - Cooney, Kathleen A AU - Cooney KA LA - eng GR - P50 CA069568-11/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - P50 CA69568/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20110805 PL - United States TA - Integr Cancer Ther JT - Integrative cancer therapies JID - 101128834 RN - 0 (Vitamins) SB - IM MH - Cohort Studies MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - Genetic Predisposition to Disease MH - Humans MH - Logistic Models MH - Male MH - Michigan/epidemiology MH - Middle Aged MH - Odds Ratio MH - Prevalence MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*epidemiology/genetics/*prevention & control MH - Questionnaires MH - Vitamins/*administration & dosage PMC - PMC3213317 MID - NIHMS291540 OID - NLM: NIHMS291540 OID - NLM: PMC3213317 EDAT- 2011/08/09 06:00 MHDA- 2013/01/16 06:00 CRDT- 2011/08/09 06:00 PHST- 2011/08/05 [aheadofprint] AID - 1534735411413262 [pii] AID - 10.1177/1534735411413262 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Integr Cancer Ther. 2012 Jun;11(2):83-9. doi: 10.1177/1534735411413262. Epub 2011 Aug 5.